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Biomedical subjects

E Krag

Publications and source records attributed to E Krag.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Enzymatic determination of total 3 alpha-hydroxy bile acids in faeces. Validation in healthy subjects of a rapid method suitable for clinical routine purpose.

A method for determining faecal bile acids, suitable for clinical purposes, is introduced. The analysis uses a 0.2-g stool specimen, a simple extraction procedure, and 3 alpha-steroid dehydrogenase determination. The method, which is rapid, has been validated by gas-liquid chromatography and by recovery of internal standards. Stool examination was done in 16 healthy volunteers on free diet and in 25 patients with non-gastrointestinal diseases who were on a fat- and fibre-fixed diet. No difference was found between the two groups, so the data were pooled, and the normal reference interval (mean +/- S.D.) for faecal bile acid output was calculated to be 0-975 mumol/24h.

3-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases↗
PubMed1981

Secretion rate of intestinal immunoglobulins, complement factor C3, "acute phase" reactants, and albumin in the perfused ileum and jejunum of normal man.

A new method for assessment of the intestinal secretion rate of immunoglobulins and other proteins is evaluated. The procedure involves a combination of luminal perfusion of a defined intestinal segment and analysis of the aspirated perfusates by rocket immunoelectrophoresis. The technique is sensitive and reliable. A material from the normal human jejunum and ileum is presented. The method is proposed as an investigative tool for characterization of the local immunological system of the small intestine.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Bile acid metabolism after intestinal bypass operations.

Intestinal bypass operation for obesity results in substantial weight loss only if the small bowel segment left in function is 50 cm or less. The anatomical changes induce interruption of the enterohepatic circulation of bile acids, which result in bile acid malabsorption. This review discusses the various aspects of the disturbed bile acid metabolism. A small number of controlled prospective studies have focused on the problems of the jejunoileal ratio (JIR) of the functioning segment in relation to the changes induced on the bile acid metabolism. 1:3 JIR results in a significantly: (1) lower bile acid pool size; (2) lower postprandial concentration of bile acid in the jejunum: (3) lower ratio of glycine to taurine conjugates; (4) higher cholesterol saturation index in bile, compared to 3:1 JIR. Thus, the studies mentioned have not only elucidated the changes in bile acid metabolism after jejunoileostomy, but also given support to a new hypothesis that a functioning upper jejunum is necessary for the bile acid synthesis as such. This hypothesis is further supported by the finding that 1:3 JIR at follow-up has a three fold higher rate of gallstones than 3:1 JIR (p less than 0.05).

Bile↗
PubMed1978

Prophylactic effect of cimetidine in duodenal ulcer disease.

Fifty-seven symptom-free patients with duodenal ulcer entered a double-blind trial to assess the prophylactic effect of cimetidine. Patients were randomly allocated to receive cimetidine 400 mg twice daily (29 patients) or placebo (28 patients). The trial was designed to imitate daily clinical practice, so duodenal ulcer disease was diagnosed by means of x-ray examination. Three patients from each group withdrew from the trial. All remaining patients continued to receive treatment for 12 months or until symptoms recurred. Three out of 26 patients suffered relapses during cimetidine treatment, compared with 20 out of 25 receiving placebo. No side effects were attributable to cimetidine. Long-term cimetidine treatment had no curative effect as relapses occurred soon after treatment was stopped. The estimated chance (cumulative remission rate +/- 2 SE) of remaining symptom-free 13 weeks after one year's cimetidine treatment had been completed was 47 +/- 21%. Maintenance treatment with cimetidine is a suitable alternative to elective in surgery in patients with duodenal ulcer subjects frequent relapses. Further study is needed to establish the optimal duration and safety of prolonged cimetidine treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Cimetidine treatment of protein-losing gastropathy (Ménétrier's disease). A clinical and pathophysiological study.

In a 47-year-old male with Ménétrier's disease (protein-losing gastropathy) the histamine-H2-receptor antagonist Cimetidine stops the protein loss and improves the clinical condition. Gastric perfusion studies on net and bidirectional ionic fluxes, protein secretion rates, and permeability, with simultaneous recording of the transmural electrical potential difference indicate that Cimetidine decreases a paracellular protein secretion by 'tightening' the tight junctions of the gastric epithelium.

Cimetidine↗
PubMed1977

Cimetidine in patients with gastric ulcer: a multicentre controlled trial.

Forty-five adult outpatients with endoscopically confirmed gastric ulceration completed a double-blind trial of either cimetidine (1 g/day) or placebo. After six weeks 18 of the 23 patients receiving cimetidine showed complete ulcer healing compared with only six of the 22 patients receiving placebo. The cimetidine group also had fewer days with pain than the placebo group but the difference was not statistically significant. Cimetidine therefore seems to promote healing of gastric ulcers without severe side effects, although its effect on pain is less pronounced than in patients with duodenal ulcers.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

A pragmatic trial of cimetidine in duodenal ulcer patients.

Fifty-eight outpatients with a clinical and radiological diagnosis of duodenal ulcer completed a double-blind randomized trial of the effect of cimetidine on ulcer symptoms. Patients normally treated in general practice were included in the trial. The patients in the treatment group received cimetidine 1 g daily and the controls received inactive tablets. The treatment period was four weeks. During the last nine days 18 (60%) of 30 cimetidine-treated patients were symptom-free against 5 (18%) of 28 controls (P less than 0.005). The antacid consumption, the number of days with pain and the number of hours with pain also differed significantly in the two groups. Apart from a transient rash in one patient no important clinical side-effects were noted. The serum creatinine rose slightly in the cimetidine-treated patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Transmural ionic fluxes and electrical potential difference in the human jejunum during perfusion with a dihydroxy bile acid.

Perfusion studies of the proximal jejunum were performed in healthy volunteers to define the influence of glycochenodeoxycholic acid (GCDC) 2.5 mmol/1 on the net movements of water and electrolytes, the bidirectional fluxes of sodium, potassium, and chloride, and the transmural electrical potential difference (PD). The flux data supported the notion that active sodium transport is inhibited by luminal GCDC, which on the other hand elicits active secretion of chloride. PD was 3 +/- 1 mV, lumen negative, and was not influenced by GCDC. The flux data fit a previously proposed model for the GCDC effect.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Effect of glycochenodeoxycholic acid on unidirectional transepithelial fluxes of electrolytes in the perfused human ileum.

Perfusion studies of the terminal ileum were performed in healthy volunteers to define the influence of a dihydroxy bile acid, glycochenodeoxycholic acid (GCDC) 2.5 mmol/l, on the mechanisms of electrolyte transport. Net movements of water and electrolytes, bidirectional fluxes of sodium, potassium, and chloride, and the transmural electrical potential difference (PD) were measured simultaneously. The results supported the notion of an active mechanism for sodium and chloride transfer. GCDC evoked net secretion of water and electrolytes, and decreased the mucosa to serosa flux of chloride, There was a tendency that the latter also applied to sodium and potassium. During bile acid perfusion active secretion of chloride occurred. PD was 16 +/- 4 mV, lumen negative, and was not influenced by GCDC. In conclusion, we propose a model for the GCDC effect.

Adult↗