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Biomedical subjects

E Knapp

Publications and source records attributed to E Knapp.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Extent of coronary sclerosis in relation to lipoprotein lipase activity and plasma triglyceride levels].

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is closely connected with an increased concentration of cholesterol and a decreased concentration of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-chol) in human plasma. No general agreement exists about the atherogenic potential of increased plasma triglycerides. Although both a negative correlation between plasma triglycerides and post heparin lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and a positive correlation between the plasma concentration of HDL-chol and LPL-activity are well documented, only a few studies have investigated the relationship between CAD and LPL. Therefore, 109 male patients with angiographically assessed CAD were investigated with respect to plasma lipids, post heparin LPL, and plasma testosterone and estradiol, which are both known to influence LPL-activity. Many well known results were confirmed. The extent of CAD, assessed by coronary angiography as coronary score (CS), was significantly positively correlated to plasma cholesterol, plasma triglycerides, plasma phospholipids, plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-chol) and age. CS was significantly negatively correlated to LPL-activity and to the plasma concentration of HDL-chol. LPL itself was significantly negatively correlated to plasma cholesterol, plasma triglycerides and phospholipids, and significantly positively correlated to HDL-chol and plasma testosterone. The most surprising result of this study was the significant correlation between CS and LPL (r = -0.4624; p less than 0.001), a correlation which could explain the increased plasma triglycerides and decreased plasma HDL-chol.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Essential role of post-heparin lipoprotein lipase activity and of plasma testosterone in coronary artery disease.

89 consecutive men for whom coronary angiography was requested because of suspected coronary artery disease were investigated with respect to plasma lipids, lipoproteins, post-heparin lipoprotein lipase (LPL), and some hormones that influence LPL. The severity of coronary-artery disease was expressed by the coronary score (CS). Coronary-artery disease correlated with total plasma cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-chol), and HDL2. In addition, there was a strong negative correlation (r = -0.479, p less than 0.001) between CS and LPL, as well as positive correlations between CS and plasma triglycerides (p less than 0.01) and very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL, p less than 0.01). The impairment of LPL activity correlated with increased VLDL and decreased HDL-chol. The extent of coronary-artery disease is thus strongly influenced by an LPL deficit. LPL activity correlated with plasma testosterone, and there is evidence that low plasma testosterone may be partly responsible for the low LPL and HDL-chol.

Cholesterol↗
PubMed1985

[Comparison between angiographic and computed tomographic imaging of aortocoronary bypasses in 100 patients].

In 100 consecutively operated patients with 167 aortocoronary bypass grafts (ACVB) routine catheterisation was performed three month postoperatively, as well as sequential, ECG-gated and dynamic computed tomography (CT) the day before angiography. The results showed a sensitivity of 92%, a specificity of 67% and an overall accuracy in 81% for CT. Serial (dynamic) CT provides for quantitative assessment of attenuation values of contrast medium enhancement in ACVB and aorta, which improves security of the CT-test in most patients with patent grafts. Therefore clinical contribution of CT will be greatest for routine screening post-operatively and for assessment of ACVB--patency in asymptomatic patients.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1984

[Determination of left ventricular volume and ejection fraction by ECG-gated computer tomography. Comparison of various methods with biplane ventriculography].

End-systolic and end-diastolic left ventricular volume, stroke volume, and ejection fraction were measured by biplanar and monoplanar angiography in 2 groups of 20 patients. Stroke volume was also determined by the Fick principle. Within 24 h ECG-gated "stop action" computed tomography was performed in all patients and all data were compared statistically. End-systolic volumes were measured more accurately than end-diastolic volumes. Ejection fraction was determined much more accurately than stroke volume. Even though some highly significant correlations exist, stop action computed tomography, at the moment is not recommended for clinical use in evaluation of left ventricular function. Technical problems must first be solved using models.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Intraoperative and postoperative course of enzyme activities in patients with angiographically closed and open aortocoronary bypass grafts].

30 patients who consecutively underwent cardiac surgery with extracorporeal circulation were investigated with regard to preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative activities of creatine kinase (CK) and CKMB isoenzyme (CK-MB), as well as myoglobin concentrations in the blood. 12 lead electrocardiograms were taken before and after the operation. At subsequent control angiography, of 18 patients with coronary heart disease 10 showed patent bypass grafts, whilst the remaining 8 patients had at least one occluded graft. 12 patients served as a control group, half of them undergoing mitral valve replacement and the other half aortic valve replacement. There was no significant difference in enzyme activity patterns between the groups. Specific determinations together with ECG monitoring can be of diagnostic help in perioperative control of these patients.

Aortic Aneurysm↗
PubMed1983

[Myocardial infarct during ergotamine medication in a young man with normal coronary arteries].

Normal coronary vessels and an akinetic anterolateral wall segment were found in a 24-year-old patient on angiography 10 months after a clinically established myocardial infarction. As the patient had been on a high-dosage medication with ergotamine for two years and as all risk factors for coronary sclerosis as well as evidence of other cardiac diseases were lacking, it seems appropriate to assume that myocardial ischaemia had been caused by coronary spasms.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Hepatitis B contamination of Viennese hospital personnel].

Blood samples of 975 Viennese hospital staff members were tested for the presence of hepatitis B antigen and antibodies; a prevalence of 26% was found. It is estimated at 20% for the entire hospital personnel in Vienna. The prevalence of hepatitis B antigen and antibodies indicates the risk of infection and varies markedly with the type of hospital department; it is, however, significantly higher in every department than in the ambient population. There were no substantial differences between occupational groups, e.g. doctors, nurses, cleaning personnel etc. However, a close correlation was found to on-job time and to age. Hepatitis B vaccination after virological-serological testing is recommended for the entire hospital personnel.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Results and complications in coronary angiography over a 32-month period in Innsbruck].

A review of the first 676 consecutive procedures of selective coronary arteriography performed from December 1st, 1979 to July 31st, 1982 in Innsbruck showed an incidence of cardiac complications of 0.89% and of non-cardiac complications of 0.74%. There was no cases of myocardial infarction and no fatality. There were no difference in significant complications during the first 32 months of experience in Innsbruck as compared with previous reports.

Angiography↗
PubMed1981

[Evaluation of coronary artery graft patency by computed tomography. Comparison with coronary arteriography (author's transl)].

In 14 patients with 19 coronary artery saphenous vein by-pass grafts (ACVB), computed transmission tomography has been performed the day before selective coronary angiography. Non-dynamic, contrast-enhanced sequential scans at 8-mm intervals were obtained starting at the cranial clips, ending at the left ventricle. CT scans were interpreted without knowledge of the catheterisation results. Sensitivity of this technique is 88%. Out of 17 ACVB patent by catheterisation, 15 ACVB are patent by CT. One occluded ACVB to the right coronary artery was thought to be patent by CT scan. This non-invasive technique shows promise as a method to follow up patients after ACVB-grafting.

Coronary Angiography↗
PubMed1981

[Improvement of computerized biplane integration method for left ventricular volume determination by variation of long axis insertion (author's transl)].

Biplane integration method for left ventricular volume determination is applicable to routine work since digital contour memories, calculation of the cross-section area and summation of all volume slices are computerized. The longest measured axis is recommended for volume calculation. A second calculation with interchanged axis and averaging of both results led to a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.997 (comparison of true volume and calculated volume). Comparison of stroke volume in patients with coronary heart disease determined by the Fick principle and the reported method showed a significantly better correlation for the biplane than for the monoplane method.

Cardiac Volume↗
PubMed1980

[Steal-induction with ketamine in childhood: comparison of the postanaesthetic period (author's transl)].

The behaviour of 48 children ranging from weeks to eight years was observed and compared after four different anaesthesia methods. Either ethrane or halothane was used with or without induction with ketamine i.m. (5 mg/kg bodyweight). Restlessness, the depth of postanaesthetic sleep, shivering, muscle rigidity and vomiting were evaluated every 15 min. up to one hour postoperatively using a graduation from 1--4. Ketamine combined with halothane showed significantly less postoperative restlessness than all other methods. No statistically proven differences were seen in the other criteria, which were noticed more than once. The psychic effects as well as the practical clinical application of this method are discussed.

Anesthesia, Inhalation↗
PubMed1979

[Severe hemolytic anemia after mitral valvuloplasty].

A patient with mitral insufficiency is described who developed severe hemolytic anemia six months after mitral valvuloplasty. Various laboratory tests suggested that the cause of the hemolysis was mechanical. A second heart operation was therefore performed which revealed intact valve function. In view of the mechanical cause of hemolysis a bioprosthesis was implanted but the patient died shortly after this operation. Since similar cases are not found in the literature the authors invite discussion of the course in this case.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1979

An enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for progesterone in horse plasma.

A simple enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for the measurement of progesterone is described. Antibody against 11-OH-hemisuccinate-BSA is bound to polystyrene tubes. 11-OH-hemisuccinyl-beta-D-galactosidase is used as enzyme-coupled antigen and methylumbelliferyl-beta-D-galactoside as substrate. Concentrations down to 0.156 ng/ml plasm or amounts of 93 pg/tube are detectable. Probit analysis gave a linear relationship between log concentration and percentage of binding. A comparison of EIA and radioimmunoassay gave a correlation coefficient of 0.81. The assay is sufficiently sensitive to estimate progesterone levels in plasma.

Animals↗