Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

E Kjeldsberg

Publications and source records attributed to E Kjeldsberg.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Rotavirus in stools from hospitalized children].

Electron microscopy, ELISA for rotavirus and virus cultivation in cell cultures were used to study the occurrence of rotavirus in 451 fecal samples collected from hospitalized children. Rotavirus was found in samples from 24 of 27 patients admitted with acute diarrhoea. All specimens from randomly selected patients without diarrhoea were negative. Two patients developed nosocomial rotavirus infection. ELISA was positive, but electron microscopy was negative in two specimens obtained from asymptomatic newborns. In this investigation rotavirus was the dominating agent isolated in infectious gastroenteritis. We found no rotavirus excretors without diarrhoea.

Child↗
PubMed1989

Norwalk virus in Norway: an outbreak of gastroenteritis studied by electron microscopy and radioimmunoassay.

An outbreak of acute gastroenteritis affected approximately half of 40 children staying at a holiday centre in Southern Norway. By direct electron microscopy Norwalk-like viruses were demonstrated in 4/8 available stool specimens. No other pathogens were detected. Antibody against these viruses was demonstrated by immune electron microscopy in all of 7 convalescent phase sera but in none of 11 acute phase sera collected. Radioimmunoassay examination showed a rise in titre of Norwalk virus antibody in 6 available paired sera. This outbreak of Norwalk virus gastroenteritis in Norway was thus documented by a combined use of direct and immune electron microscopy and radioimmunoassay.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Improved ELISA for the detection of adenovirus antigen in faeces extracts by the biotin/streptavidin interaction.

Two enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for detection of adenovirus antigen in faecal extracts have been established. A conjugate of rabbit anti-(human) adenovirus immunoglobulin and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) prepared by means of a hetero-bifunctional reagent, N-succinimidyl-3-(2-pyridyldithio) propionate (SPDP), was used in the conventional ELISA, and a biotin-labelled antibody in combination with a streptavidin/peroxidase complex in the other (BS-ELISA). A collection of 60 faecal extracts, in which adenovirus had been demonstrated by immunosorbent electron microscopy (ISEM) in 29 samples, was selected and examined by ELISA and BS-ELISA. The presence of adenovirus was demonstrated in 38 (63%) of the samples by BS-ELISA compared to 34 (58%) by ELISA, showing the advantage of the biotin/streptavidin system for setting up ELISA assays. Comparison of the three different techniques showed that the biotin/streptavidin (BS-ELISA) is the most sensitive assay for detection of adenovirus antigen in faecal samples.

Adenoviruses, Human↗
PubMed1986

Use of gold IgG complexes and human antisera for electron microscopic identification of hepatitis A virus and polioviruses.

An indirect immunogold staining technique was used for identification of hepatitis A virus and poliovirus types 1,2 and 3 by electron microscopy. Human convalescent antisera against hepatitis A virus and the three poliovirus types were used as primary antibodies and goat anti-human IgG gold complexes, with an approximate gold granule size of 15 nm, as secondary antibody. Hepatitis A virus was specifically labelled with the homologous antiserum. No labelling was observed when antiserum against poliovirus or other negative control sera were used as primary antibody. Poliovirus types 1, 2 and 3 were specifically labelled with a human serum with high titres of antibody against all three virus types. The use of type-specific antisera made it possible to distinguish types 1, 2 and 3 from each other, although slight cross-reactions occurred. The results indicate that gold IgG complexes in conjunction with human antisera may be used for identification of small spherical viruses.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1986

Demonstration of calicivirus in human faeces by immunosorbent and immunogold-labelling electron microscopy methods.

Immunosorbent electron microscopy (ISEM) and immuno-gold staining (IGS) electron microscopy methods have been applied to human faeces, shown by direct electron microscopy (EM) to contain calicivirus. Caliciviruses were successfully trapped on grids coated with positive rabbit or human antisera against calicivirus, but not with negative sera. Caliciviruses were specifically labelled with gold particles, when treated with positive rabbit or human antisera against calicivirus followed by protein A-gold and goat anti-rabbit or anti-human IgG gold conjugates in an indirect method in suspension. Goat anti-human IgM gold complexes did not react with the available antisera. Attempts to label caliciviruses trapped on the grids were unsuccessful. No cross-reactions were observed with Norwalk agent-like particles, hepatitis A virus or poliovirus type 3 by any of the methods. The results indicate that ISEM and IGS may be useful techniques for detection and identification of small viruses present in low concentrations in faeces.

Caliciviridae↗
PubMed1985

Specific labelling of human rotaviruses and adenoviruses with gold-IgG complexes.

Human rotaviruses and adenoviruses were specifically labelled by an indirect immuno gold staining technique for electron microscopy. Rabbit antisera against human rota- and adenoviruses were used as the primary antibody and goat anti-rabbit IgG-gold complexes as secondary antibody. Optimal conditions for the procedure were established by testing serial dilutions of the antisera. Precoating of electron microscopy grids with bovine rotavirus antibody decreased nonspecific background staining and at the same time increased slightly the number of virus particles adsorbed to the grid. Noncultivable enteric adenoviruses showed no antigenic relationship to adenovirus type 2 and 6 from cell culture material when tested by this gold labelled antibody decoration technique. However, a slight cross-reaction was observed between adenovirus type 2 and type 6.

Adenoviruses, Human↗
PubMed1985

Use of immunosorbent electron microscopy for detection of rota- and hepatitis A virus in sucrose solutions.

Immunosorbent electron microscopy was used to demonstrate rotavirus in solutions of varying sucrose concentrations after 18, 42 and 66 h of incubation. About 50% of adsorption of virus particles to the grid was achieved after 18 h incubation and nearly 100% after 42 h when compared to trapping of virus from sucrose free solutions. Hepatitis A virus was purified in a 10-30% sucrose gradient and each fraction was examined by immunosorbent electron microscopy, direct electron microscopy, immune electron microscopy and radioimmunoassay. The sensitivities of immunosorbent electron microscopy and radioimmunoassay were essentially similar and considerably greater than direct electron microscopy and conventional immune electron microscopy.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1985

Effect of gamma interferon on spreading of mouse peritoneal macrophages on solid surfaces.

The influence of a homologous gamma interferon preparation (MuIFN-gamma) on in vitro spreading of freshly-seeded unelicited mouse peritoneal macrophages (MPM) was tested. Light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy observations gave comparable results. Addition of MuIFN-gamma enhanced the spreading on solid surfaces, especially 3-5 hours after seeding. Maximal effect was achieved with 10 units of IFN. Addition of specific anti-MuIFN-gamma or treatment of the preparation at pH 2 eliminated both antiviral activity and effect on spreading of MPM.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Demonstration of 7-nm projections on human and avian coronaviruses.

Direct electron microscopy (EM) of human coronavirus (HCV) strain OC43 and avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) strain F revealed particles with small granular projections about 7 nm in size in addition to the characteristic coronavirus particles with projections of 20 nm. Relationship of the short fringed form to the conventional coronavirus particle is established by ordinary immune electron microscopy (IEM) and immunosorbent electron microscopy (ISEM).

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Comparison of solid-phase immune electron microscopy, direct electron microscopy and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of rotavirus in faecal samples.

One hundred and fifteen faecal samples from children with gastroenteritis have been examined by solid-phase immune electron microscopy (SPIEM), standard direct electron microscopy and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Diluted high-titered anti-(human) rotavirus serum, produced in rabbit by immunization with purified pooled rotaviruses from gastroenteritis patients, was used as antiserum in the immunological tests. The presence of rotavirus was demonstrated in 41 (36%) of the 115 samples by both SPIEM and ELISA. No false positive reactions were seen. By direct electron microscopy rotavirus was detected in 35 (30%) of the specimens. In addition, other gastroenteritis viruses like adeno-, astro- and calicivirus were visualized by this non-specific test in eight samples. The applicability of these three methods in routine diagnostic work is discussed.

Antigen-Antibody Reactions↗
PubMed1980

ORF.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

"Runde" viurs, a coronavirus-like agent associated with seabirds and ticks.

From 206 I. uriae collected in the seabird colonies at Runde, Norway, two identical virus strains demonstrating no antigenic relationships to major arbovirus groups were isolated. The new strains demonstrated a corona-virus like morphology, haemagglutinated chicken red cells and were sensitive to sodium desoxycholate. Multiplication with CPE was demonstrated in BHK 21/c13 and BSC-1 cells, and without CPE in Vero and GMK cell cultures. The mouse pathogenicity was relatively low. In gel precipitation three to five specific lines were seen. Precipitating antibodies have been found in seabird species commonly infested by I. uriae. The ecological cirucmstances of the isolates indicate an earlier unrecognized arbovirus circulating between seabirds and I. uriae. This corona-like virus has been tentatively termed Runde virus.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Small spherical viruses in faeces from gastroenteritis patients.

Faecal samples from 238 patients with gastroenteritis were examined by direct electron microscopy using grids with thin carbon film. Of these samples 18 were found to contain Norwalk agent-like particles, calicivirus, astrovirus and parvovirus-like particles. Immune electron microscopy was performed on a serum pair and faeces from one of the patients with astrovirus. An antibody response was demonstrated, suggesting that the virus was the etiological agent of the infection.

Antibodies, Viral↗