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Biomedical subjects

E Kirchner

Publications and source records attributed to E Kirchner.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Changes in ventricle dynamic data in geriatric patients during spinal anesthesia. Results of a polymechanocardiographic study].

Systolic time intervals were performed in 14 elderly patients after spinal anaesthesia. The following parameters were measured or calculated: Heart rate (HR), total electromechanical systole (QS2), pre ejection period (PEP), isometric contraction time (ICT), left ventricular ejection time (LVET), 1/PEP2, PEP/LVET and pdiast/RS1. There was a significant increase of the relation of the pre ejection period to left ventricular ejection time (PEP/LVET), while there were lower values for 1/PEP2 and pdiast/RS1 ratio. The data suggest that compensatory cardiac activity following spinal anaesthesia in geriatric patients is remarkable diminished in contrast to young people.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Hemodynamic effects of mexiletine and lidocaine in coronary surgery patients].

In two groups of 10 coronary bypass patients during the postoperative phase a comparison was carried out of the haemodynamic effects of mexiletine and lidocaine in order to evaluate mexiletine's applicability as an antiarrhythmic in intensive care patients. With mexiletine cardiac effort (CE) fell by 6%, total peripheral resistance (TPR) fell by 11%, while CO increased by 8%. With lidocaine CE and TPR remained unchanged, CO dropped by 4%. Mexiletine seems to be applicable in intensive care without hazards to circulation.

Cardiac Surgical Procedures↗
PubMed1982

[Endocrine reaction pattern in the course of a one-phase tramadol-N2O combination anesthesia].

The effects of Tramadol-N2O-anaesthesia on the per- and postoperative change in blood concentrations of cortisol, prolactin, thyroxine, triiodothyronine, cyclic AMP, glucagon, antidiuretic hormone, PTH-peptide (44-68), glucose, lactate, pyruvate and free fatty acids (FFA) were investigated in connection with elective orthopaedic surgery. Anaesthesia in man with Tramadol and nitrous oxide were found to be associated with a significant elevation of plasma cortisol and plasma prolactin in man. However, cortisol secretion during anaesthesia is associated with an inhibition in T4-T3 conversion. No significant alterations in plasma glucagon concentrations were observed. Generally, surgical trauma induced a significant increase in plasma cyclic AMP with intraoperative levels between 26.4 and 34.3 pmol/ml. At the end of surgery a significant fall in plasma PTH-peptide (44-68) occurred. There was also a significant change in plasma ADH levels following induction of anaesthesia. During surgery we found plasma ADH levels up to 56 pg/ml. In addition stress and surgical trauma increased blood glucose and FFA while plasma pyruvate and plasma lactate nearly remained unchanged. The data would suggest that the non-specific stress response attributed to anaesthesia may in fact be reflecting a response to relatively light anaesthesia.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Studies in mice on diminishing acute toxicity of violamycin BI by combined therapy (author's transl)].

In mice the effect of L-ascorbic acid (i.p., drink. wat.), DL-carnitine (i.p., drink. wat.), L-cysteine (i.p., drink. wat.), DL-methionine (i.p., drink. wat.), folic acid plus ascorbic acid (i.v.), and alpha-tocopherol (i.p.), respectively, on sublethal and lethal i.v. doses of the anthracycline antibiotic violamycin BI (VBI) was tested. The VBI induced lethality (%) of the animals was found to be unaffected by combined treatment with the drugs used. Only a delayed toxicity following alpha-tocopherol administration was observed.

Aminoglycosides↗
PubMed1981

[Resuscitation].

The newest resuscitation methods are summarized, and the time to train is now! Time can be saved by mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration. Adjuncts for opening the airway should be avoided as an initial measure (masks, bellow devices, S tube, esophageal tube, endotracheal tube). Use the percordial thumb in nonhypoxic cases. Make sure that epinephrine is available for use within the first minute of CPCR. If there is no diastolic pressure, there is no flow in the coronary system. Use 6 J/kg body wt. for defibrillation. Drugs and blood-volume increase (dextran 60) should be used alternatively to maintain a stable blood pressure and adequate circulation in the brain as well.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1981

Toxic effects of violamycin Bi, carminomycin and daunorubicin on the myocardium of rabbits.

Cardiac toxicity of the new anthracycline antitumour antibiotics violamycin BI (V) and carminomycin (C) was studied in comparison with daunorubicin (D). Rabbits were intravenously given total doses of 0.1-1.5 mg/kg V or C, and 0.64-18 mg/kg D, respectively, twice weekly for one month. When examined two to six days, two and four weeks, respectively, after the last drug administration the gross findings consisted of hydropericard, hydrothorax and ascites in some animals. Histologically, loss of striation and focal necrosis of cardiac muscle cells and subsequently chronic inflammatory reactions and/or proliferation of mesenchyma cells were mostly found. These alterations were somewhat more pronounced in rabbits treated with V than in animals received D or C. At equitoxic doses of the antibiotics tested the ultrastructural lesion in the myocardial cells were altogether less marked after treatment with D than with C or V.

Aminoglycosides↗
PubMed1980

Modification of toxicity of violamycin BI (VBI) by complex formation with DNA, metal ions, and by pretreatment with alpha-tocopherol.

In connection with studies on lowering the toxicity of violamycin BI (VBI) the intravenous (i.v.) LD50 values were determined in mice for VBI, VBI complexed with DNA, Fe3+ or Pt2+, and after pretreatment with alpha-tocopherol. The results indicate that the toxicity of VBI is reduced by complex formation with DNA or ferric ions including a partial decrease of the antimicrobial and antiviral activity.

Aminoglycosides↗
PubMed1980

Comparative studies on cardiotoxicity of some anthracycline antitumor antibiotics.

Isolated atria of guinea-pigs showed negative inotropic and negative chronotropic responses after violamycin B I (V), carminomycin (C) and daunomycin (D), respectively. The mean effective concentrations in reducing amplitude (IC50) were 5.9 x 10(-4) mol x 1(-1) for V and 1.3 x 10(-4) mol x 1(-1) for C and D. In rabbits, intravenous injections of different doses of the antibiotics twice weekly for one month produced histopathological alterations in the myocardial tissue, which were smaller after D than after C or V.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Postoperative reactions of blood pressure after neurosurgical operations in deliberate hypotension (author's transl)].

29 patients were operated on cerebral aneurysms and arterio-venous malformations in hypotension induced by sodium nitroprusside, nitroglycerin or a combination of the two substances. The postoperative blood pressure levels were increased to 20--40% compared to the preoperative values. This obvious rebound-effect persisted for several hours. The dangers of postoperative hypertension are demonstrated. The possible pathogenetic factors are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Pharmacological and toxicological study of turimycin].

Turimycin is characterised by low acute toxicity. Mean lethal doses for mouse and rat are 750 mg/kg body weight for intraperitoneal application of something in excess of 3,000 mg/kg for oral administration. The blood pressure of anaesthetised cats may be reduced by amounts depending on intravenous Turimycin doses (between 10 and 50 mg/kg). The hypotensive effect of Turimycin is attributable to its negative inotropic effect on the heart and its spasmolytic action on the unstriated muscles. Reversible reduction of urine and ion excretion of rat following intraperitoneal application of 50 mg/kg body weight of Turimycin is interpreted as a consequence of such action upon blood pressure. A preliminary study was conducted into dogs which had orally received daily Turimycin doses of 50 or 125 mg/kg body weight over twelve months. No substance-depending functional or morphological damage was recorded.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Toxicological studies on a new veterinary antibiotic turimycin.

Turimycin is a fermentation product ofStreptomyces hydroscopicus (DDR W-Patent-Nr. 84 450). It is highly active in vitro against a range of mycoplasma species and gram-positive bacteria. The acute toxicity was determined in mice, rats and dogs. In mice and rats LD50 values ranged from 750 mg/kg intraperitoneally to higher than 3000 mg/kg orally. In a chronic study on dogs oral doseas of 50 nad 125 mg/kg Turimycin were given daily in capsules for 12 months. The results showed no functional or morphological differences between treated and control animals.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Emergencies and aspiration. Can the usual methods for the prophylaxis of aspiration be further developed? (author's transl)].

There are two prerequisites for aspiration of gastric contents, namely material near the larynx and the possibility for an influx into the tracheobronchial system. We discussed the value of common measures in protecting against aspiration. To take notice of the normal emptying time of the stomach, suction of liquid gastric contents by a stomach tube, evacuation of the stomach by inducing vomiting (large bore stomach tube or apomorphine), mechanical blockade of the oesophagus or of the gastrooesophageal junction, modification of general anaesthesia (induction with an inhalation anaesthetic or intravenous agents), cricoid pressure, foot-down, lateral or horizontal position are not able to prevent the passage of gastric contents into the oro- and nasopharynx. Aspiration is unavoidable if there is a possibility of influx into the tracheobronchial system. Induction of anaesthesia with the patient lying on his left side in the head-down position gives the maximum protection against the danger of aspiration. An easy method of enabling a patient to be placed in the left lateral, head-down position, when only two persons are present, is highly desirable.

Anesthesia, General↗