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Biomedical subjects

E Kessel

Publications and source records attributed to E Kessel.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Histopathologic changes in the cornual portion of the fallopian tube following a single transcervical insertion of quinacrine hydrochloride pellets.

To study the sequence of histopathologic changes taking place in the cornual portion of the fallopian tube subsequent to exposure to quinacrine, 252 mg were inserted transcervically in 12 women awaiting hysterectomy for non-malignant conditions of the uterus. All patients who underwent surgery within ten days of insertion were found to have necrosis of the epithelial lining and an acute inflammatory reaction. Later on, the changes observed included progressive absorption of the inflammatory cellular exudate, progressive fibrosis, with partial or almost complete occlusion of the lumen, and failure of regeneration of the epithelial lining. Our results support other studies indicating that quinacrine can effectively produce tubal fibrosis and occlusion.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Pelvic inflammatory disease with intrauterine device use: a reassessment.

This reassessment of IUDs as a risk factor for PID contrasts study results from prospective and case-control studies. Except for a transient increased risk after IUD insertions, increased risk is seen mainly in case-control studies after 1973, the time of a major PID epidemic and adverse publicity related to the Dalkon Shield. Removal of oral contraceptive users from case-control studies generally reduces their reported odds ratios, frequently to borderline statistical significance for studies with high accuracy of PID diagnosis. The remaining elevated odds ratios likely relate to diagnostic bias as primary care clinicians are more likely to refer patients wearing an IUD to referral centers where case-control studies are conducted. Biased case-control studies provided evidence for expensive litigation, resulting in removal of IUDs from the American market. The Food and Drug Administration requirements for postmarketing surveillance are inadequate to provide prospective data to avoid this kind of loss.

Cohort Studies↗
PubMed1987

Studies of quinacrine and of tetracycline for non-surgical female sterilization.

The transcervical quinacrine pellet method developed by Zipper and co-workers is potentially a much needed safe, inexpensive, and effective non-surgical method of female sterilization. This method utilizes an intrauterine device inserter to deposit 250 mg of quinacrine hydrochloride as pellets in the uterine cavity. No complications or side effects, other than temporary pain and oligomenorrhea, have been reported. Tetracycline has an established track record for safety. It also has been reported to have properties similar to quinacrine as a sclerosing agent, with potential as a non-surgical method using the quinacrine insertion technique. To expand the experience with quinacrine and to study tetracycline as an alternative, studies were undertaken under the auspices of the Indian Rural Medical Association in Calcutta, India. During the period 14 August, 1979 to 28 June, 1984, 414 women received three insertions of 200 mg of quinacrine. There were 29 failures and a three-year life table failure rate of 8.5. During the period 25 April, 1984 to 28 December 1984, 55 women received three insertions of 200 mg of tetracycline. By 1 June, 1986 there were 32 failures among the 55 cases for a failure rate of 58%. A more recent study using a single dose of 1000 mg of tetracycline also produced unacceptably high failure rates.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1986

Clinico-pathological study of fallopian tubes after transcervical insertion of quinacrine hydrochloride pellets.

This study lends support to others indicating the apparent safety and effectiveness of multiple transcervical insertions of quinacrine hydrochloride as pellets in 240 mg dosage to achieve permanent sterilization. In order to study the effects of the number of quinacrine pellet insertions and the site of placement of the pellets in the uterus of prehysterectomy volunteers, a scoring system of histological changes in the Fallopian tube was designed. Quinacrine pellets were deposited at the fundus using a straight inserter in 16 women, and at the cornua using a curved inserter in 17 women. Each group had at least five women receiving one, two or three insertions at one-week intervals. Results indicate that neither the number of insertions nor the place of deposition of the pellets affects the degree of tubal inflammation and fibrosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Role of abortion in control of global population growth.

No nation desirous of reducing its growth rate to 1% or less can expect to do so without the widespread use of abortion. This observational study, based on the experience of 116 of the world's largest countries, supports the contention that abortion is essential to any national population growth control effort. The principal findings are: Except for a few countries with ageing populations and very high contraceptive prevalence rates, developed countries will need to maintain abortion rates generally in the range of 201-500 abortions per 1000 live births if they are to maintain growth rates at levels below 1%. The current rate in the USA is 426 abortions per 1000 live births. Developing countries, on the other hand, are faced with a different and more difficult set of circumstances that require even greater reliance on abortion. No developing nation wanting to reduce its growth to less than 1% can expect to do so without the widespread use of abortion, generally at a rate greater than 500 abortions per 1000 live births. Widespread availability of abortion is a necessary but not sufficient condition to achieve growth rates below 1%. A high contraceptive prevalence is essential as well in order to achieve growth rates below 1%. A high contraceptive prevalence is a necessary but not sufficient condition to achieve population growth rates below 1%. A high rate of abortion (generally 201-500 or more abortions per 1000 live births in the developed and greater than 500 abortions per 1000 live births in the developing countries) is essential to achieve growth rates below 1%. The different and more difficult set of circumstances faced by developing countries that will necessitate even higher abortion rates than developed countries includes a young population with resultant rapidly growing numbers of young fertile women, poor contraceptive use-effectiveness, low prevalence of contraception, and poor or non-existent systems for providing contraceptives. These data show that high death rates of infants and children can moderate population growth rates--a most undesirable solution. The data in this report suggest that actual alternatives are high death rates of infants and children or widespread use of contraception and abortion. African nations tend to have the very lowest abortion rates and the very highest infant and child death rates. To avoid a world with deteriorating social, economic and political stability, with the concomitant loss of personal and national security, we must ensure that safe abortion is made available to all who wish to use this service.

Abortion, Illegal↗
PubMed1985

Correlates of fetal growth and survival.

Data on 36 611 singleton deliveries in Indonesia were used to contrast patient characteristics, obstetric history and pregnancy outcome for two birth weightgroups among women experiencing the best and poorest stillbirth rates, namely 3 000-3 499 g and less than 2 500 g, respectively. The low birthweight group was characterized by younger age at first marriage, rural residence, lower educational attainment, less antenatal care and poorer pregnancy outcome and infant survival. Both groups showed progressive anemia prevalence with increasing parity with lower hemoglobin levels for the low birth weight group. Stillbirth rates were particularly high (60.6 per 1 000 pregnancies) for the under 20 year olds in the lower birthweight group. The results suggest poorer maternal nutrition among women with lower educational achievement, higher energy expenditures among rural women, nutritional reserves depletion with increasing parity and competition between the teenager's nutritional needs for her own physical growth and fetal growth as factors in low birthweight and perinatal mortality.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Partial monosomy 10p syndrome.

A newborn infant with monosomy 10p13 is reported. The clinical signs and symptoms of the present case are compared with those of previously described cases. Although there is no pathognomonic feature, a characteristic monosomy 10p syndrome is recognizable.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1984

Is wide availability of abortion essential to national population growth control programs? Experiences of 116 countries.

No nation wanting to reduce its growth rate to less than or equal to 1% can expect to do so without the widespread use of abortion. This study, based on the experience of 116 of the world's largest countries, supports the contention that abortion is essential to any national population growth control effort. Existing circumstances in developed countries have facilitated reduction of growth rates to less than 1%, with abortion rates generally in the range of 200 to 500 per 1000 live births. However, developing countries are faced with a different and more difficult set of circumstances that require even greater reliance on abortion. These obstacles include a young population with resultant rapidly growing numbers of young fertile women, poor contraceptive use-effectiveness, low prevalence of contraception, and poor or nonexistent systems for providing contraceptives. By virtue of their profession, physicians play a critical role in family planning and carry a special responsibility in ensuring that abortion services are available to all women who need them.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1980

[Postaxial polydactyly: a symptom of partial trisomy of the long arm of chromosome 13. Two new observations with 46, XX, t (22;13) (q13;q31) and 46, XY, Dup (13) (pter-q34::q22-qter) (author's transl)].

Postaxial polydactyly represents an important manifestation of distal (partial) trisomy 13. We report on 2 patients with different chromosomal aberrations who share also mental deficiency, abnormal EEG, moderate dilatation of the 3rd ventricle and craniofacial dysmorphy.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗