Biomedical subjects

E Kastenbauer

Publications and source records attributed to E Kastenbauer.

135 records · Page 8Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Identification of proliferating keratinocytes in middle ear cholesteatoma using the monoclonal antibody Ki-67.

Cholesteatoma epithelium is characterized by a keratinocyte dysregulation with aggressive growth subsequently destroying the middle ear mucosa. The monoclonal antibody Ki-67 recognizes a nuclear antigen expressed by cells in the G1, S, and G2/M phases being used to determine the growing cell fraction in tissue samples. Cryostat sections of skin and cholesteatoma biopsies were examined immunohistochemically for reactivity with Ki-67 using the alkaline phosphatase-anti-alkaline phosphatase method. Nuclear staining was seen in a small number of keratinocytes located in the basal cell layer of normal auditory meatal skin. In contrast, numerous cells of the basal and suprabasal layers in cholesteatoma were found to react with Ki-67. A cytoplasmic staining was also observed in both skin and cholesteatoma. In cholesteatoma, the cytoplasmic staining was stronger. These results clearly show that cholesteatoma epithelium proliferates at a higher rate than normal epidermis, confirming the hyperproliferative behavior of cholesteatoma.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Tracheal transplantation: demonstration of HLA class II subregion gene products on human trachea.

The present morphological study was designed to investigate the expression of HLA class II subregion gene products on human trachea. Frozen sections from the tracheas of 20 cadavers not suffering from ear, nose or throat diseases were studied immunohistochemically using monoclonal antibodies which recognize monomorphic determinants of HLA-DR, -DP and -DQ molecules. Positive reactions could be detected in the airway epithelium and mixed glands. HLA-DR and -DP showed a stronger presence than HLA-DQ. Our results indicate that tracheal mucosa may be the major antigenic structure of the trachea and therefore responsible for the immunogenic action of allogenic tracheal transplants.

HLA-DP Antigens↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Ep-CAM--a marker for the detection of disseminated tumor cells in patients suffering from SCCHN.

Disseminated tumor cells are considered as the origin of metastases. Since the number of circulating tumor cells in the bone marrow or the peripheral blood of patients correlates well with the tumor stage, their early detection is an important feature for the identification of high risk patients. We therefore investigated the pan-carcinoma antigen Ep-CAM for its suitability to serve as a specific marker for disseminated tumor cells in patient with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). In order to detect small numbers of tumor cells in early tumor stages, we developed and describe here a RT-PCR assay that detects a single tumor cell within 10(5) normal cells. We examined bone marrows from patients and healthy donors and demonstrate that Ep-CAM can be used as a tumor marker for the diagnosis of single tumor cells in patients with SCCHN.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Targeting head and neck cancer by GM-CSF-mediated gene therapy in vitro.

BACKGROUND: The prognosis for patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) has remained poor during the last decades, emphasizing the need for new treatment modalities. Consequently, the objective of our study was to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of cytokine-mediated gene therapy in SCCHN in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS/RESULTS: The SCCHN cell line PCI-1 was transduced by lipofection with a plasmid encoding the human granulocytemacrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). Transfection of PCI-1 resulted in the production of significant amounts of GM-CSF as tested by ELISA. Enhanced proliferation of a GM-CSF sensitive cell line, TF-1, after incubation with supernatants of GM-CSF-transduced tumor cells demonstrated the release of biological active GM-CSF from these PCI-1 cells. In addition, GM-CSF-secreting PCI-1 cells enhanced antitumor cytotoxicity of allogeneic peripheral blood mononuclear cells, as tested in 24h-MTT-cytotoxicity assays. CONCLUSIONS: Our data demonstrate the feasibility and efficacy of GM-CSF-mediated stimulation of the antitumor immune response against SCCHN in vitro and may help to define new strategies in the treatment of this malignancy.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Malignant otorhinolaryngological lymphomas associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection].

Six instances of lymphoma occurring in homosexual male patients among 140 HIV-positive subjects attended at our Department of Otolaryngology were evaluated for clinical features, histopathologic features and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA. The histology of the patients was consistent with a Hodgkin's lymphoma, centroblastic lymphoma and four lymphoblastic lymphoma. High malignancy and nodal localization were characteristic of four non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, which carries a poor prognosis. The DNA in situ hybridization studies demonstrated the presence of EBV DNA sequences in the four lymphoblastic lymphoma.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Otorhinolaryngologic manifestations in patients infected by the acquired immunodeficiency virus].

Patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection often present signs and symptoms referable to the head and neck. We reviewed the clinical histories of 110 HIV-positive patients who presented head and neck manifestations. 48 (43.6%) had head and neck signs and/or symptoms as initial manifestation of the syndrome. 40 (36.3%) had oral candidiasis, 18 (16.36%) Kaposi's sarcoma, 11 (10%) herpes, 5 (4.5%) hairy leucoplakia and 4 (3.6%) lymphoma.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The lateral cyst of the neck: congenital or acquired?

An outer rim of lymphoid tissue and an inner epithelial lining of squamous composition form the lateral (branchial) cyst of the neck. According to the particular pattern of keratin polypeptides, branchial mass inner lining is shown to be homologous to upper digestive tract (UDT) squamous epithelia. Furthermore, immunostaining of tissue sections with a polyclonal antibody highly specific for the major acidic UDT keratin 13 demonstrates that the epithelium in question is composed of both basal and normally differentiated, i.e. non-keratinizing suprabasal (spinous) cells. 'Import' into a neck lymph node, and rapid growth of oropharyngeal crypt epithelial cells is suggested to initiate a sequence of events leading to an acquired lymphoepithelial mass that may actually present as a 'branchial cyst'.

Branchioma↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Photodynamic therapy with hematoporphyrin derivatives in cervico-facial basaliomas and epidermoid carcinoma in stage I and II].

Cancer of the cervico-facial region often requires destructive procedures followed by complicated reconstructive surgical techniques. We have studied 77 patients with T1 and T2 head and neck cancers, who get photodynamic therapy using hematoporphyrin derivates. Biopsies taken two months after therapy revealed histologic complete responses in 95% of the cases. Additionally the cosmetic results of the photodynamic therapy were superior to conventional surgery.

Carcinoma in Situ↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Evaluation of the diagnostic efficiency of tridimensional reconstruction with nuclear magnetic resonance. Report of a case of nasal sinus carcinoma].

In the past decades the development of magnetic resonance imaging has significantly increased the importance of diagnostic imaging of head and neck lesions. The standard imaging method is base on two-dimensional slices. Recently 3D reconstruction has been established as new imaging method in various medical fields. In the present study we analyse the diagnostic value of the reconstruction method in a case of carcinoma of the maxillary sinus. The results indicate that this technique might be of significant clinical importance for preoperative planning in the case of certain tumors located close to the skull base.

Aged↗