Biomedical subjects
E Kaplan
Publications and source records attributed to E Kaplan.
Tularemia in metropolitan New York.
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The use of chromium-51 sodium chromate for the detection of food and chemical sensitivities.
Both antibody mediated lysis of human RBC's and toxic hemolysis were found to occur with chemicals used as coloring agents for foods, drugs and cosmetics. Because of the strong chromaticity of these dyes, chromium-51 sodium chromate was bound to the hemoglobin of target human RBC's and its efflux was used as an indicator of lysis instead of spectrophotometry, which had been used with food antigens. The major antibody effect was noted when treatment of the target RBC's with antiIgG resulted in a marked inhibition of lysis, indicating that IgG is a lysis-promoting factor (LPF) in this system. Weaker effects were noted by treatment of the target RBC's with monospecific antisera for the other four classes of immunoglobulin and for alpha2-macroglobulin. No neutralizing effects were observed by pre-incubation of the dyes with autologous serum prior to the addition of RBC's.
A suction-irrigation technique utilizing a hemovac system in treatment of osteomyelitis.
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Delayed puberty and short stature in adolescents.
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Nurse-midwifery and family planning in the United States: data from the 1976-1977 American College of Nurse-Midwives' study.
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Recurrent postmenopausal bleeding.
Thirty-four patients with recurrent postmenopausal bleeding are reviewed. All had previously undergone dilatation and curettage after a first episode of postmenopausal bleeding, and no pathological cause had been found. When they presented with recurrence of bleeding, 32 of the 34 patients underwent total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oöphorectomy and the excised organs were submitted for histological examination. In 2 patients clinical cervical carcinoma was found and they received radiotherapy. Hysterectomy was warranted in 5 patients with endometrial glandular hyperplasia and in 2 with uterine fibroids. Fibroids which distort the uterine cavity can result in an inadequate curettage. In 2 patients, failure to take adequate endocervical cytology smears resulted in a pre-operative diagnosis of endocervical carcinoma being missed. In recurrent postmenopausal bleeding, the taking of an adequate cervical smear and repear dilation and curettage are indicated as initial procedures. In obese patients, in whom palpable ovarian tumours may be overlooked, and in those with distortion of the endometrial cavity due to fibroids, total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oöphorectomy is preferable, because underlying genital cancer can be missed in these cases.
Cancer of the ovary.
One hundred and forty-two cases of ovarian cancer seen at the Johannesburg General Hospital are reviewed. The poor prognosis associated with this disease is directly related to the fact that at the time of presentation the cancer had spread beyond the confines of the ovary. Results of therapy are poor, with no major impact recorded on survival rates for many years. Therapeutic possibilities are reviewed. When the disease is in stage I and the tumour is completely removed by surgery, the use of postoperative chemotherapy is suggested as a possible means of preventing recurrence or to destroy unrecognized areas of microscopical spread.
Squamous cell carcinoma arising in a dermoid cyst of the ovary. A case report.
A case of advanced squamous cell carcinoma arising in a benign cystic teratoma is presented. The carcinoma occurred in a 48-year-old Black patient who died from widespread disease within 5 months of diagnosis. Carcinomatous change in a dermoid cyst is an uncommon occurrence, with a poor prognosis.
Separation and identification of metabolites of the arylamide, N-3-fluorenyl-acetamide, by high-pressure liquid chromatography.
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Failure of rubella immunization among adolescent females.
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Group C hemolytic streptococcal pharyngitis.
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Properties of visual cells in the lateral eye of Limulus in situ: intracellular recordings.
Two types of potential fluctuations, large and small, recorded intracellularly from photoreceptors in the dark-adapted Limulus eye in situ underlie the dual properties of the impulse discharge of the optic nerve fibers. The small potential fluctuations (SPFs)--the well-known quantum bumps--were normally less than 20 mV in amplitude. The large potential fluctuations (LPFs) were up to 80 mV in amplitude. LPFs appear to be regenerative events triggered by SPFs that enable single photon absorptions in retinular cells to fire off nerve impulses in the eccentric cell. In the dark, SPFs and LPFs occur spontaneously. At low light intensities, LPFs are the major components of the receptor potential. At high intensities, LPFs are suppressed and SPFs become the major components. SPFs and LPFs together enable single photoreceptor cells to encode approximately a 9-log unit range of light intensity. Excising the eye from the animal or cutting off its blood supply generally abolishes LPFs and thereby reduces the range of light intensity coded in the optic nerve discharge.
Visuoperceptual processes in brain damaged patients on the digit symbol substitution test.
Alcoholic Korsakoff patients, patients with right hemisphere damage, and chronic alcoholics are impaired on the digit symbol substitution task (DSST) of the WAIS. To determine whether these deficits were related to psychomotor or visuoperceptive factors, several tasks and modifications of the DSST were administered to these three patient populations. While it was evident that psychomotor retardation contributed to the patients' poor performance, impairments in visuoperceptive processing were also found to be involved in the DSST performance of the three patient groups. It was concluded that while a psychomotor factor is the crucial variable in the performance of intact normal subjects, any of a number of visual processing variables (e.g., visual scanning, contour formation and organization) must be considered in assessing the deficits of brain damaged patients.
Induction of antibody-mediated RBC lysis in food extracts.
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Mechanoreceptors on the dorsal carapace of Limulus.
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ABO hemolytic disease of the newborn, without hyperbilirubinemia.
ABO hemolytic disease of the newborn without hyperbilirubinemia is described in 17 full-term infants. The erythrocyte characteristics, such as reticulocytosis, microspherocytosis, and positive indirect antiglobulin (Coomb's) test, resembled those in ABO disease with hyperbilirubinemia. Erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase activity was reduced in this group to the same degree as in the more severely affected infants. Negro infants predominated over white, in a 2.5:1 ratio in this mild ABO group.
Definition of myocardial perfusion by continuous infusion of krypton-81m.
Krypton-81m, a radionuclide emitting a 190 kev gamma ray, has a half-life of 13 seconds. It is a radioisotope of an inert water-soluble noble gas and is produced at a constant rate by spontaneous decay of rubidium-81 in an 81Rb-81mKr generator-delivery system. Delivery is through a minibore Teflon catheter that can be threaded through a standard no. 7 or 8F angiographic catheter. The generator is eluted by 5 percent dextrose-in-water, delivered by infusion pump at 1.5 ml/min, and the eluate is infused intraarterially directly into any organ. Delivery and decay reach equilibrium within 2 minutes, producing a heterogeneous distribution that is proportional to the perfusibility of the tissue concerned and the time required to reach it. The ultrashort halflife of the radionuclide rapidly eliminates activity when delivery ceases; thus, experiments can be sequentially repeated at brief intervals. The radiation hazard for easily imaged doses is negligible. Preliminary studies in open chest dogs were visualized by scintillation camera, stored on digital data disk, processed, and displayed in dual channel, dual color mode on a video system. Images of myocardial perfusion defined relative levels of perfusion, collateral circulation between coronary arterial branches, equilibrium time of diffusible perfusion of the myocardium, focal defects in induced occlusion, collateral circulation to occlusion, and reactive hyperemia after release of induced coronary occlusion. The system and technique appear applicable to human subjects.