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Biomedical subjects

E Kansu

Publications and source records attributed to E Kansu.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Serum bactericidal and opsonic activities in chronic lymphocytic leukemia and multiple myeloma.

Susceptibility to infection is widely recognized as the major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with CLL and MM. The present study was designed to investigate the serum bactericidal (SBA) and serum opsonic activities (SOA) in 12 CLL and 12 MM patients, and results were compared to 20 normals. SBA and SOA were measured by a new radiometric assay. SBA was found to be normal in 11 patients with CLL and in all 12 patients with MM. In contrast, SOA was significantly lower in 11 out of 12 patients with CLL. Ten of twelve patients with MM also had significantly lower SOA compared to those of controls. No correlation was detected between the serum immunoglobulin and complement levels of the patients or between the degree of the opsonic defect and the incidence of infection. In mixture experiments, untreated normal serum partially corrected the opsonic activity of CLL and MM serum. The results suggest the presence of a possible inhibitor in the serum of patients with two well-known B-lymphocyte-derived disorders.

Blood Bactericidal Activity↗
PubMed1986

Short-time and low-dose intravenous acyclovir therapy in varicella zoster infections with malignant disease in children receiving combined chemotherapy.

The effects of low-dose and short-time acyclovir therapy in 14 children with malignant disease of ages 4-18 years who had developed varicella zoster virus infections while receiving aggressive chemo-/+radiotherapy are reported. Ten of them had chickenpox and 4 herpes zoster. Acyclovir 5 mg/kg was infused IV every 12 h in 9 patients and every 8 h in 5 patients for a median of 4 days' duration. We resumed the primary therapy when the patients' lesions had dried out and became crusted and new lesions had not reappeared. The period of initiation of the acyclovir therapy to the resumption of oncological treatment was 8.4 +/- 2.7 days for chickenpox and 12.0 +/- 3.4 days for herpes zoster patients. After restarting the oncological therapy, no adverse effects of acyclovir or complication of infection were observed. The efficiency of early, short-term, and relatively low dose acyclovir therapy is discussed and compared to the results in the relevant literature.

Acyclovir↗
PubMed1986

[Lymphocyte population and T lymphocyte subsets in brucellosis analyzed by monoclonal antibodies].

In this study, T-lymphocyte subsets and HLA-DR antigen (+) cells in the peripheral blood of 19 patients with acute brucellosis were determined and the results were compared to 19 healthy control subjects. Our findings suggest that exposure of the immune system to brucella microorganism and related antigens results in an increase in the circulating "activated" cell numbers (HLA-DR+) without significant alterations in the subpopulations of peripheral blood lymphocytes.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1985

Haemoglobin F levels in patients with testicular tumours.

This study was designed to examine haemoglobin F levels prior to therapy in 39 patients with testicular tumours (10 seminoma, 29 non-seminomatous tumours) and 20 controls. HbF levels were significantly increased in the group with testicular tumours (1.66 +/- 0.12%) compared with normal controls (0.99 +/- 0.08%) (P less than 0.001). Non-seminomatous tumours had more pronounced levels than seminomas (P less than 0.001). No correlation was found between HbF level and stage of the disease. We suggest that HbF production could be significantly reactivated in adult patients with testicular tumours and may be a useful marker.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Clinical and haematological evaluation of beta thalassaemia intermedia characterised by unusually low Hb F and increased Hb A2: beta thalassaemia intermedia II.

A total of 15 patients from different families with thalassaemia intermedia was studied. Haematological studies showed that the fetal haemoglobin was only slightly raised, being between 2 and 11.5% of the total haemoglobin. Haemoglobin A2 was high in all cases. The family study indicated that homozygosity or compound heterozygosity for beta thalassaemia was present in five patients, while dominant inheritance was observed in three. In seven patients family studies were not sufficient to predict the genotype. Haematological findings in the parents of the homozygous patients were as severe as those seen in common Hb A2 beta thalassaemia traits. The decrease in MCH and MCV was more severe and the Hb A2 higher in homozygous patients than in cases of common beta thalassaemia major (p less than 0.01, p less than 0.01, and p less than 0.001 respectively). The imbalance in in vitro globin synthesis was more severe in classical beta thalassaemia major than in homozygous patients in this study (p less than 0.01). However, the imbalance in alpha/non-alpha synthetic ratios showed variation among the homozygous and heterozygous patients in this study (2.1 to 4.0). Haematological severity and Hb F value showed some slight variation among affected persons of the same family in the case of patients with severe beta thalassaemia heterozygosity. The G gamma/A gamma ratio of haemoglobin F was found to be close to that of the adult level. Haematological studies suggested that clinical and haematological findings were more severe in patients with homozygous beta thalassaemia than in patients with heterozygosity for beta thalassaemia. The prevalence of thalassaemia intermedia with low Hb F and increased Hb A2 was found to account for 3% of the Turkish beta thalassaemic patients diagnosed before the age of 8 years.

Female↗
PubMed1984

Papilledema in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria.

A 26-year-old man with the diagnosis of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria presented with papilledema due to increased intracranial pressure without localizing neurological signs. It is concluded that papilledema and benign intracranial hypertension could result from a cerebral vein thrombosis which can complicate the course of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. This has not been a well-recognized feature of the disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Haemoglobin-F levels in urogenital cancers.

The haemoglobin-F levels and F-cell numbers were assessed in 19 patients with different urogenital cancers. Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), beta human chorionic gonadotrophin (beta HCG), total and prostatic acid phosphatase levels were also measured. HbF levels were found to be elevated in patients with testicular and prostatic cancer. No significant correlation was observed between HbF, AFP and beta HCG levels. The findings suggest that HbF production could be enhanced in patients with testicular and prostatic carcinomas and might be a useful marker to the disease activity.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1980

Spectrin loss during in vitro red cell lysis.

Spectrin was extracted from washed erythrocyte ghosts in 1 mM EDTA buffer (pH 8.0) and purified to homogeneity by gel filtration. Anti-human spectrin was raised in rabbits. Specificity of the antibody was demonstrated by immunodiffusion, immunoelectrophoresis and immunofluorescent techniques. Membrane-free hemolysate prepared by lysing red cells in 5 mM phosphate buffer (pH 8.0) for variable intervals (5--60 min) at 4 degrees C was found to contain spectrin identifiable by immunodiffusion, immunoelectrophoresis, immunofluorescence and sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Spectrin was demonstrable in ultracentrifuged membrane-free hemolysate and, in progressively decreasing amounts, in membrane washes. Membrane-free hemolysate contained more spectrin when erythrocytes were lysed for 60 min than for 5 min. The data indicate that a significant amount of spectrin is detached from the membrane following sysis in hypotonic buffer for different time intervals. Spectrin lost in this manner might be part of spectrin attached to the lipid bilayer.

Cell Fractionation↗
PubMed1980

Renal and extrarenal erythropoietin production in anaemic rats.

Rats were rendered anaemic by a single bleeding or by a single injection of phenylhydrazine. At various times after the onset of anaemia they were nephrectomized and challenged with a 6 h exposure to hypoxia. The erythropoietin titre observed at the end of this hypoxic period was corrected for renal erythropoietin induced by the anaemia alone, and the resulting extrarenal component was compared to total erythropoietin production of nephric rats in response to anaemia plus 6 h hypoxia. Extrarenal erythropoietin production was found to increase from 10.3% in normal rats to 12.5% in moderately anaemic rats to 15.1% in rats with severe bleeding anaemia. In phenylhydrazine-treated rats this extrarenal component was found to be 18.3% possibly due to stimulation of extrarenal erythropoietin by haemolysed red cells. Chronic phenylhydrazine administration resulted in splenomegaly and Kupffer cell hyperactivity but not in any further stimulation of extrarenal erythropoietin production.

Anemia↗
PubMed1979

Human macromolecular insoluble cold globulin (MICG). I. T-cell origin of T-MICG and null cell origin of N-MICG.

Although surface immunoglobulin characterizes B cells in man, there are few surface markers that distinguish T cells. We have described a new protein synthesized in human T cells, termed T-MICG. This protein is a macromolecule of 225,000 daltons, is insoluble in the cold, and migrates as a beta-globulin on electrophoresis. Separation of human peripheral blood lymphocytes into T and B-cell populations by rosette sedimentation and anti-human-Fab columns clearly demonstrated the T-cell origin of the 225,000 dalton component. Furthermore, null cells were shown to synthesize a protein of 185,000 daltons, termed N-MICG, with physical properties similar to T-MICG, T-MICG and N-MICG were shown to be antigenically dissimilar, employing antiserum to each of these proteins. The present studies demonstrate two novel cell surface markers, T-MICG and N-MICG, which characterize T cells and null cells, respectively.

Antigens, Surface↗
PubMed1979

Leukemia in patients with acquired idiopathic sideroblastic anemia: an evaluation of prognostic indicators.

The initial clinical and laboratory data of 25 patients with acquired idiopathic sideroblastic anemia (AISA) were analyzed. Criteria for accepting the diagnosis were hyperferremia, ringed marrow sideroblasts, ineffective erythropoiesis, and exclusion of associated hematologic disorders. The findings of a mean age at onset of 70 years, increased mean corpuscular volume, relative neutropenia; and occasional splenomegaly at diagnosis corresponded with previous reports. During the followup for a median period of 32 months, 6 patients (25%) transformed to acute myelogenous or myelomonocytic leukemia after widely variable intervals. The initial data base of these patients was compared to that of the remaining 19 patients in order to isolate predictive features. Only a lesser degree of hyperferremia (P less than 0.001) made the group going on to leukemia distinctive. The median survival of these patients was 20 months. The median survival of 19 patients not developing leukemia was 72 months for males and 42 months for females. Hemochromatosis was diagnosed in four patients and was a primary or associated cause of death in three. Analysis of the transfusion history suggested that intrinsic iron leading was a major factor in these patients. We conclude that leukemic transformation in AISA is a common, poorly predictable event which required lengthy followup for detection. Hemochromatosis in AISA occurs frequently and shortens the median survival.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Plasma erythropoietin in polycythemia.

Erythropoietin titers of plasma cannot be used to differentiate polycythemia vera from secondary polycythemia since the limit of sensitivity of our current bioassay technics is 50 mU, considerably higher than levels found in normal subjects and in patients with polycythemia. However, erythropoietin is relatively heat stable, and since abundant plasma is available from therapeutic phlebotomies it is possible to prepare and assay highly concentrated, erythropoietin-containing extracts. In 35 normal subjects, erythropoietin levels ranged from less than 5 mU/ml (the limit of sensitivity) to 18 mU/ml with a mean of 7.8 mU/ml. In 21 patients with proved polycythemia vera, the levels were less than 5 mU/ml in all. In 41 patients with suspected secondary polycythemia or polycythemia of unknown origin, the levels ranged from less than 5 to 3,000 mU/ml. Three of the 11 patients with levels less than 5mU/ml were subsequently shown to have polycythemia vera. These results suggest that this refinement of the routine bioassay for erythropoietin may be of clinical importance in the differential diagnosis of polycythemia.

Erythropoietin↗