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Biomedical subjects

E Kane

Publications and source records attributed to E Kane.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Diurnal feeding and drinking patterns of adult cats as affected by changes in the level of fat in the diet.

A continuous on-line computerized monitoring system was used to measure food and water intake patterns of mature cats during consecutive low-fat (3 week) or high-fat (3 week) feeding. Cats consumed less of the high-fat than the low-fat diet such that their mean daily gross energy intake was the same for both diets. It was concluded that cats regulate their daily food intake on the basis of energy density. High-fat substitution caused a reduction in the quantity of food consumed in the dark cycle. There was no apparent change in either the light- or dark-cycle meal frequency, both the light- and dark-cycle average meal size were curtailed. Water intake did not vary significantly between low- and high-fat diets. There was no significant difference in number of drinking bouts or average bout volume for the low- and high-fat diets in both the light and dark cycles. Two diet-choice trials produced no clear preference for the low- or high-fat diet. It appears that the fat content, independent of flavor components or physical consistency, has little effect on dietary preference of the cat.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Self-selection of dietary casein and soy-protein by the cat.

Growing specific-pathogen-free kittens were fed for two weeks a choice between two complete diets differing only in protein content. When casein diets containing 18, 36 and 54% protein were offered in the three possible combinations, the kittens consistently avoided the higher casein diets and kittens offered the two highest levels of casein significantly reduced their total food intake. In one soy-protein choice study, 16, 31 and 63% protein diets were each offered with a protein-free (PF) diet. When diets were similar in physical consistency, kittens selected similar amounts of both diets with the result that the PF:16% group consumed below their requirement of protein. In another soy-protein experiment the 16, 31 and 63% protein diets were offered in their three possible combinations. Kittens in all three groups selected similar amounts of both diets. Except for their avoidance of casein, the kittens did not regulate in a consistent manner their intake of protein and therefore, behaved very differently from the rat in the self-selection of dietary protein.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Acute chest syndrome in sickle cell disease: etiology and clinical correlates.

Acute chest syndrome (ACS) is a new pulmonic process in a clinically ill patient with sickle cell disease. We prospectively analyzed 102 episodes of ACS in patients in our hospital during a 2-year period to study cause and clinical correlates. In 12% of the episodes, ACS was judged to be secondary to bacterial pneumonia (including only 3% secondary to Streptococcus pneumoniae), 8% was associated with uncomplicated viral pneumonias, and 16% with mycoplasmal pneumonias. The clinical course and seasonal variations in these groups were compared with those in the remaining 64% of episodes. In comparison with episodes of ACS of undetermined origin (presumably secondary to pulmonary infarct, atelectasis, or missed infections), patients with bacterial pneumonia were sicker, as shown by fever and hospitalization of longer duration, the percent of those requiring red blood cell transfusion, and the presence of pleural effusions. The lower incidence of bacterial pneumonias among our patients compared with that previously reported may reflect our use of penicillin prophylaxis and pneumococcal immunization to prevent S. pneumoniae infections.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1981

Zinc deficiency in the cat.

Two experiments were conducted to produce Zn deficiency in, and to establish approximate Zn requirements of, the cat. In experiment 1, soy protein (SP)-based diets were fed for 8 months: diet 1, basal, without added Zn, 15 ppm; diet 2, basal, 15 ppm Zn plus 2% CaHPO4; and diet 3, basal with added Zn, 67 ppm. Gross Zn deficiency symptoms were not observed, although spermatogenesis in cats fed diets 1 and 2 was abnormal. There were no differences in food intake or growth rate between treatments. Mean plasma zinc levels (micrograms/100 ml) for cats fed diets 1, 2 and 3 were 55, 47 and 89, respectively. In experiment 2, the SP was washed with EDTA. Ten 8-week-old kittens were fed the following diets for 14 weeks: diet 4, SP without Zn, 0.7 ppm Zn; diet 5, containing 52 ppm Zn; or diet 6, an amino acid diet, 4.8 ppm Zn. Mean food intake (g/day) and weight gains (g/day) for cats fed diets 4, 5 and 6 were: 17.2, 0.4; 55.0, 19.5; and 31.5, 10.0, respectively. Mean plasma Zn levels (micrograms/100 ml) and liver Zn (ppm) for cats fed diet 4 had poor coats characterized by thinning and slow hair growth and scaliness of the skin and ulcerations of the buccal margins. The cat's requirement for zinc is probably between 15 ppm and 50 ppm.

Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena↗
PubMed1981

Perforated peptic ulcer in the elderly.

From 1973 through 1979, 32 patients over 60 years of age were admitted to the Beth Israel Medical Center, New York, because of a perforated gastric or duodenal ulcer. In many of them, the symptoms and physical findings were minimal. In abdominal roentgenograms (subject erect or supine), only 17 (60 percent) of these patients showed free intraperitoneal air. Among the 29 surgically treated patients, plication of the ulcer was performed in 28 and hemigastrectomy-vagotomy in one. The postoperative morbidity rate was 62 percent, and the mortality rate 17 percent. In 3 of the 32 patients, the diagnosis of perforated ulcer was established only at autopsy. Thus, failure to diagnose this condition accurately may be the principal cause of death in elderly patients with a perforated peptic ulcer. The increased use is recommended of contrast roentgenograms of the stomach and duodenum and of endoscopy, in an effort to improve diagnostic accuracy in dealing with perforated peptic ulcers.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Acceptability and digestibility by adult cats of diets made with various sources and levels of fat.

Three experiments were conducted to determine the acceptance and digestibility by adult cats of purified diets containing various fats. In the first experiment, a two-choice trial, one female and 11 male cats (2 to 7 kg body weight) were used to determine the acceptance of diets made with bleached tallow (BT) versus six alternate fats: chicken fat (CF), yellow grease (YG), lard (L), butter (B), unbleached tallow (UT) and partially hydrogenated vegetable fat (VF). Three groups of four cats each, individually housed, were tested during four consecutive 2-week periods, giving a total of eight cats per choice. The diet made with BT was preferred (P greater than .001) over those made with B or CF. In the second experiment, a two-choice trial, 14 male and 10 female cats (2 to 5 kg body weight), individually housed, were used to determine the acceptance of diets made with 10, 25 or 50% YG. One groups of 12 cats was used to test the inclusion of 25 versus 50% YG, and another group of 12 were used to test 25 versus 10% YG. The diet made with 25% fat was preferred over diets made with 10% (P greater than .001) or 50% fat (P greater than .02). The third experiment, with 12 male and 12 female cats (2 to 5 kg body weight), examined the digestibility of purified diets made with 25% CF, BT, UT, L and B and 10, 25 and 50% YG. Each diet was fed to six cats in metabolism cages for a 5-day preliminary period and a 5-day fecal and urine collection period. Chromic oxide was included in all diets as a marker. Digestibility coefficients were computed by both the marker method and the conventional food intake and fecal collection method. Mean digestion coefficients for dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE) and energy (E) for diets made with 25% CF, YG, L, B, UT, BT, 10% YG, 50% YG were, respectively: DM-90.6, 89.5, 90.8, 89.8, 87.1, 88.0, 87.4, 90.2%; CP-91.1, 91.5, 92.7, 92.0, 90.9, 90.8, 87.0, 94.8%; EE-98.6, 98.0, 98.6, 90.9, 90.8, 87.0, 94.8%; EE-98.6, 98.0, 98.6, 90.9, 90.8, 87.0, 94.8%; EE-98.6, 98.0, 98.6, 97.5, 98.1, 98.2, 90.4, 97.9%, and E-93.8, 93.1, 93.7, 92.2, 89.5, 89.9, 88.6, 92.8%. Mean digestion coefficients calculated from total fecal collection and from chromic oxide were: 88.5 and 89.9% for DM; 90.8 and 91.9% for CP; 98.0 and 97.3% for EE, and 91.6 and 92.1 for E.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Effects on body temperature produced by micro-injection of Salmonella typhimurium lipopolysaccharide into the third cerebral ventricle of the chicken.

Salmonella typhimurium lipopolysaccharide was injected into the third cerebral ventricle of the hen via a surgically implanted cannula. Hens injected with 20-80 mug. Salmonella typhimurium lipopolysaccharide had higher (P less than .01) rectal temperatures (42.3 degrees C. compared to 41.3 degrees C.) than uninjected hens. Those injected with 0.9% NaCl had significantly lower (P less than .01) rectal temperatures (41.8 degrees C. compared to 42.3 degrees C.) than hens injected with this bacterial pyrogen. There is an indicated function for bacterial pyrogen acting directly in the hypothalamic area of the chicken.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Effects on body temperature produced by micro-injection of prostaglandin into the third cerebral ventricle of the chicken.

Hens injected with 1-2 mug. of either prostaglandin E1 or F1 alpha into the third cerebral ventrical had significantly higher (P LESS than .05 at 60 and 90 minutes post injection) rectal temperatures (0.4 degrees C.) as compared to uninjected control hens. Those injected with 0.9% saline had significantly lower (P less than .05 at 60 and 90 minutes post injection) rectal temperatures (0.2 degrees C.) than hens injected with prostaglandin.

Animals↗