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Biomedical subjects

E Kaiser

Publications and source records attributed to E Kaiser.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

[Acute Streptococcus salivarius meningitis after spinal anesthesia].

The case of a 50-year-old woman who experienced an acute Streptococcus salivarius meningitis after a spinal anaesthesia for hysteroscopy is reported. The contamination of the cerebrospinal fluid may occur from a puncture during a bacteriaemia. Contamination from the patient's skin and from the upper airway's flora of the operator seems to be a more plausible cause. Spinal anaesthesia is contra-indicated in the febrile patient. Asepsis is essential during spinal puncture, including wearing a surgical face mask.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1997

[Severe form of familial migraine with coma].

The authors report the case of a 43-year-old man experiencing a migraine attack with coma requiring a treatment in an intensive care unit for 9 days. The probable triggering cause as a cerebral arteriography.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Fermentation process during the ensiling of green forage low in nitrate. 1. Fermentation process in untreated green forage].

The fermentation process of ensiling green forage, low in nitrate, was proved in 8 experiments with ryegrass, ochardgrass and grass-legumes mixture. It was demonstrated that also in easily fermentable green forage the absence of nitrate promote the occurrence of butyric acid simultaneously with the lactic acid fermentation even at an early stage of fermentation. It is supposed that the lack of nitrate as a natural inhibitor of clostridia leads to early formation of butyric acid. The evolution of clostridia in the beginning of the fermentation process was more rapid than expected. It seems that easily soluble carbohydrates are the substrates of butyric acid formation. That is why in green forage, low on nitrate, clostridia act as food competitors for lactic acid bacteria. Amino acids were not degraded in the early stage of fermentation. In spite of the high content of butyric acid the amount of ammonia was low. Apart from n-butyric acid volatile fatty acids > or = C4 did not occur. The lactic acid formation reached only a restricted extent, also in green forage with a high content of sucrose. It was assumed that there are differences in ensilability of carbohydrate fractions between forage plants.

Ammonia↗
PubMed1997

[Fermentation process during the ensiling of green forage low in nitrate. 2. Fermentation process after supplementation of nitrate, nitrite, lactic acid bacteria and formic acid].

The effect of adding nitrate and nitrite (0.05% and 0.01% N in DM) of two inoculants or formic acid on the ensiling of orchardgrass and a grass-legumes-mixture, both low in nitrate, was proved in two experiments during ensiling starting in an early stage of fermentation silages without additives contained butyric acid, with increasing amounts up to 180 day of storage period. Silages with added nitrate or nitrite (0.1% N in DM) contained no butyric acid despite of a delay in the formation of lactic acid Nitrite was more effective as nitrate (both 0.05% N in DM) to suppress butyric acid fermentation. However, both additives, nitrite and nitrate, increased the lactic acid fermentation. Interpreting this facts it was hypothesized that the clostridia was inhibited by nitrate and nitrite. Addition of inoculants improved the formation of lactic acid, and decreased pH-value in comparison to control silages. The formation of butyric acid was limited, but not suppressed. The effect of inoculants differed in the intensity of fermentation and the formation of by-products of lactic acid fermentation. The effect of formic acid was not sure.

Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena↗
PubMed1997

Rapid Recovery of Marine Bacterioplankton Activity after Inhibition by UV Radiation in Coastal Waters.

Laboratory and in situ experiments were performed in order to evaluate the role of UV radiation on bacterial activity. Particular attention was given to the determination of the role of UV-A and photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) and different nutrient conditions on the recovery of bacterial activity. Laboratory experiments with nearly natural radiation intensities indicated a 20 to 40% reduction from the initial level of bacterial activity after UV-B exposure for 2 to 4 h. Bacterial activity in freshly collected seawater showed a more pronounced inhibition and faster recovery than bacterial activity in aged, nutrient-depleted seawater. The results of in situ experiments with filtered water (0.8-(mu)m-pore-size filter) and natural surface solar radiation levels agreed with those of the laboratory experiments and revealed that UV-A and PAR are important for the recovery of bacterial activity and result in levels of bacterial activity that are higher than those prior to exposure to full solar radiation. Bacterioplankton exposed to full solar radiation for 3 h and subsequently incubated at different depths within the upper mixed water column showed an increase in bacterial activity with increased depth; the highest bacterial activity was detected at depths of 5.5 to 10.5 m, where the short-wavelength UV-B was already largely attenuated, but enough long wavelength UV-A and short PAR were available to allow recovery. This elevated bacterial activity following exposure to UV-B was attributed to the photolysis of dissolved organic matter (DOM) exposed to near-surface radiation and to the rapid recovery of bacteria from UV stress once they were mixed into deeper layers of the upper mixed water column, where they efficiently utilize the photolytically cleaved DOM. It is concluded that studies on the role of UV on the carbon and energy flux through the upper layer of the ocean should take into account the highly dynamic radiation conditions.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1997

"Ocean-to-Ocean Project": a transcontinental external quality assessment trial in clinical chemistry realized throughout Eurasia.

More than 800 diagnostic laboratories situated throughout the Eur-Asian continent--from the Pacific Coast up to the North Sea littoral--were involved in a common survey of External Quality Assessment (EQA). It consisted of the simultaneous measurement of up to 30 analytes of 'general' clinical chemistry using the same batch of control material. The laboratories were associated in four EQA institutions: SKZL (The Netherlands), OQUASTA (Austria), SEKK (Czech Republic) and BKKSystem (Community of Independent States). The results demonstrated the feasibility of such a large-scale survey and provided a realistic idea about the state-of-the-art of laboratory diagnosis in these countries: Besides some local specific problems, such as poor quality of water or the forced use of reagents and calibrators from different sources, there are general problems hindering an efficient process of 'harmonization' in laboratory medicine, namely, the high methodological dispersion especially in the case of enzymes and of some organic analytes. At the same time there is a potential necessity for more concentrated implementation of internal quality assessment into the routine work of laboratories.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1996

[Left bundle branch block analysis by body surface mapping. Comparison with electrocardiographic and vectocardiographic findings].

PURPOSE: To compare the correlation between the departure areas (DA), negative or positive, in patients whose electrocardiogram showed left bundle branch block (LBBB) and association with left ventricular hipertrophy (LVH) and myocardial infarction (MI), to the electrocardiographic (ECG) and vectocardiographic (VCG) classic criteria. METHODS: The study was carried out with 46 patients (27 males) with LBBB. These patients had hypertension (19.5%), coronary heart disease (34.7%) and 21 patients with no heart disease (45.8%). RESULTS: The statistic analysis using the Cluster method divided the patients in two groups. Group I (22 patients) showed an average rate for the DA (-2 SD) of 1091 for QRS and of 640 for ST-T. For the DA (+2 SD), the average rate was 618 for QRS and 881 for ST-T; group II (24 patients) showed an averaged for the DA (-2 SD) of 1063 for QRS and of 225 for ST-T. For the DA (+2 SD), the averaged rate was 428 for QRS and 600 for ST-T. CONCLUSION: In general the current ECG/VCG findings, can not differentiate the presence of the association of LBBB to LVH and MI. The DA of ST-T, mainly negative was the most efficient to separate the two groups and help in the differential diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Prolonged neuromuscular block after administration of mivacurium caused by plasma psueudocholinesterase deficiency].

Mivacurium is a new neuromuscular blocking agent with a short acting time of about 30 min, due to a fast hydrolysis by pseudocholinesterases. This metabolism carries a risk for prolonged neuromuscular block in case of an acquired or congenital pseudocholinesterase deficiency. We report the case of a 75-year-old woman who experienced a neuromuscular block prolonged for 10 h after a single dose of 0.35 mg.kg-1 of mivacurium, because of a major pseudocholinesterase (1800 UI.L-1, normal value: 5400-13200 UI.L-1). The likely cause was a congenital deficiency by a homozygote genetic mutation, as usual causes of an acquired deficiency had been eliminated.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[External quality assurance: a significant--and 25-year-old--element of quality management in the medical diagnostic laboratory].

An external quality assurance system in the medical diagnostic laboratory, which is an essential part of the modern total quality management (TQM) concept in the public health system, was established in Austria already 25 years ago. The development and the scope of this quality assessment system by the "Austrian Society for Quality Assurance and Standardization of Analyses in the Clinical Laboratory" (OQUASTA) are presented. The decreasing coefficients of variation of several parameters of the external quality assessment exercises demonstrate an increasing analytical precision and might be interpreted as an effect of this quality assurance system.

Austria↗
PubMed1994

The human EPRS locus (formerly the QARS locus): a gene encoding a class I and a class II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase.

Glutamyl-tRNA synthetase and prolyl-tRNA synthetase belong to different classes of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases that are thought to have evolved along independent evolutionary pathways. However, both enzymes are on one polypeptide chain encoded by a single human gene, the EPRS locus, which is transcribed as one long mRNA. We report the structure of the human EPRS gene, which consists of 29 exons spread over at least 90 kb of genomic DNA. The exons, encoding the glutamyl-specific and the prolyl-specific parts of the enzyme, are each clustered in 10-kb sections located at opposite ends of the gene. These two exon clusters are separated by a long intervening DNA section with a number of exons, encoding functions that may be involved in the organization of the mammalian multienzyme synthetase complex. The upstream gene region shows structural features of a regulated gene, and preliminary experiments suggest that the gene is expressed at specific times in growth-stimulated cultured cells. We have localized the gene to the distal long arm of human chromosome 1 and to a corresponding site in mouse chromosome 1.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1994

Bovine spongiform encephalopathy in Germany.

Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) has been described as an epidemic central nervous disorder in cattle from the United Kingdom. The disease is thought to have emerged by an interspecies transmission of the scrapie agent of sheep to cattle, after feeding scrapie-contaminated meat and bone meal (MBM). The disease has caused substantial economic losses for the British cattle industry. Because of strict veterinary regulations for the import of adult British cattle by the European Union and for MBM by most of the member states the spread of BSE to continental Europe could be efficiently controlled, and only few cases have been described outside the UK. Here we report the first German case of BSE diagnosed in a Scottish Highland cow. The affected cow was imported into Germany before the import ban for cattle from the UK was implemented. BSE was confirmed by histopathology, immunohistochemistry, animal experiments, immunoblotting and by electron microscopic detection of scrapie-associated fibrils (SAFs).

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Selective expression of the murine homologue of the G-protein-coupled receptor BLR1 in B cell differentiation, B cell neoplasia and defined areas of the cerebellum.

The Burkitt's lymphoma receptor 1 (BLR1) identified initially in Burkitt lymphoma cells has been the first member of the superfamily of G-protein-coupled receptors with a lymphocyte specific expression pattern. BLR1 shows significant relationship to receptors for chemokines (IL-8, MIP-1 beta) and neuropeptides. The gene encoding the murine homologue of the human BLR1 receptor was isolated and used to study its tissue-specific expression. Blr-1 consists of two exons encoding a protein of 374 amino acid residues which shows 83% identity with the human homologue. Screening of normal tissues of adult BALB/c mice revealed that blr-1-specific RNA is detected consistently at low levels in secondary lymphatic organs. The blr-1 gene is expressed regularly and strongly in lymphomas of mature B cells but not in plasmacytomas. SCID mice deficient in the development of mature B cells have strongly reduced levels of blr-1-specific RNA in the spleen. Cytokine mediated induction (IL4, IL6) of terminal differentiation of resting B cells towards Ig-secreting plasma cells completely downregulates expression of blr-1. RNA in situ hybridization using brain sections demonstrates blr 1 transcription in the granule and Purkinje cell layer of the cerebellum. The precise delineation of the restricted expression pattern of the blr-1 gene will support the identification of its ligand and may provide a clue to understand how BLR1 exerts its biological function within the immune and nervous system.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

The G protein-coupled receptor BLR1 is involved in murine B cell differentiation and is also expressed in neuronal tissues.

The BLR1 gene, isolated initially from Burkitt's lymphoma cells (Eur. J. Immunol. 1992. 22: 2795), encodes a G protein-coupled receptor with significant relationship to receptors for chemokines (IL-8, MIP-1 alpha) and neuropeptides. The murine homologue of human BLR1 was cloned and used to investigate its expression in vivo. blr1-specific transcripts are observed in secondary lymphatic organs and to a lesser extent in brain of adult mice but not in other tissues. RNA in situ hybridization localizes blr1 transcription to primary follicles and to the mantle zone of secondary follicles. SCID mice in which mature B cell development is severely impaired exhibit a strongly reduced level of blr1-specific RNA in the spleen. The analysis of murine lymphoid tumor cell lines representing distinct stages of the B cell lineage reveals elevated expression of blr1 in B cell lymphomas but not in pre-B lymphomas or plasmacytomas. Induction of differentiation of resting B cells by cytokines or mitogens down-regulates expression of blr1. RNA in situ hybridization using brain sections of adult mice detects blr1 transcription in the granule and Purkinje cell layer of the cerebellum. Interestingly, the blr1 gene is also expressed during late embryogenesis in fetal liver and brain. In view of the remarkable expression pattern in the B cell lineage we suggest that murine BLR1 may represent a cytokine/neuropeptide receptor exerting regulatory functions on recirculating mature B lymphocytes.

Amino Acid Sequence↗