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Biomedical subjects

E K Ianenko

Publications and source records attributed to E K Ianenko.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Bacterial toxic shock as a complication of calculous pyelonephritis].

The causes of bacteriotoxic shock were examined in 33 patients (11 lethal outcomes). It has arisen as a complication of treatment given to 7830 patients for urolithiasis. Aggravation of chronic pyelonephritis, occlusion of the urinary tracts, urogenital mucosal and parenchymal injuries, low resistance to infection contribute to microbacteria and their toxins entering blood with resultant bacteriotoxic shock. Transcutaneous operative interventions, therapeutic and diagnostic procedures also produce high risk of blood infection with gram-negative microflora, especially in violation of asepsis and antisepsis rules. As shown by microflora tests, the dominating bacteria consisted of opportunistic agents which had acquired the resistance to antibacterial drugs. In view of rapid progression of bacteriotoxic shock therapeutic efforts should be concentrated on fast normalization of hemodynamics, recovery of urine passage, introduction of sorption detoxication, prevention of DIC syndrome. The schemes of combined antibiotic treatment adjusted to the kind of infectious agent are suggested.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
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[The correction of hyperuricemia in patients with different forms of nephrolithiasis using allopurinol and Allomaron].

Metabolic status was assessed in 48 patients with nephrolithiasis followed-up for 4 years. Allopurinol and allomaron-treated patients were examined biochemically by 17 parameters of the blood and urine. The effects of the drugs were compared. It is concluded that in hyperuricemia up to 0.37 +/- 0.02 mmol/l allomaron is more effective (1--2 pills a day). In higher hyperuricemia allopurinol is preferable (4 pills a day). Allomaron can be also used (1--2 pills a day) under the control of urinalysis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Staghorn nephrolithiasis].

The authors review the problem of staghorn nephrolithiasis (SN) basing on their experience in the disease diagnosis, treatment and prevention. Basing on the analysis of 2021 cases (1354 females and 667 males), the data on SN etiology and pathogenesis are provided. A complex of diagnostic procedures, an original classification, differentiated indications to various conservative or surgical treatments, trends in prevention of nephrolith reappearance, promising research approaches are outlined.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Lipid peroxidation in the kidney tissue of patients with nephrolithiasis and chronic pyelonephritis].

Lipid peroxidation (LPO) activity has been analyzed in homogenates and microsomes of cortical samples obtained intraoperatively from the kidneys of 33 patients. Of them, 21 patients had mild, moderate or severe pyelonephritis or nephrolithiasis. Unaffected cortical tissue from renal carcinoma patients was used as control. LPO activity was judged by basal level of malonic dialdehyde (MDA) and MDA growth in the homogenate and microsomes following initiation of ascorbate-dependent LPO. Activation of LPO was registered in patients with moderate disease with active inflammation. They also exhibited greater MDA basal levels and rapid MDA increase in response to in vitro initiation of ascorbate-dependent LPO simultaneously with attenuation of endogenous antioxidant defense. In severe pyelonephritis and nephrolithiasis with drastic deficiency of renal function LPO activity was low and nonresponsive to stimulation either by ascorbate or Fe+2. This is probably due to lack of the substrate after massive death of renal cells. Enhancement of LPO activity in patients with pyelonephritis or nephrolithiasis against functioning kidneys may appear responsible for destruction of renal tissue.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The comparative characteristics of the effect of continuous ischemia and ischemia with periodic reperfusions on the function and metabolic indices of the rabbit kidney].

Continuous 40-min ischemia and ischemia with reperfusion (10 min of ischemia and 10 min of reperfusion) induced by ligation of the vascular kidney crus were compared in experiments on 17 New Zealand rabbits. Both in continuous and interrupted (in period 4) ischemia resulted in the growth of pO2 cortical layer which is likely to be due to reduced oxygen utilization of the cells caused by metabolic and renal function disorders. Examination of lipid peroxidation activity determined similar activation of this process in both ischemic variants. In spite of the fact that both continuous and interrupted ischemias induced similar hyperoxygenation of the cortical substance and the same activation of lipid peroxidation, functional damage was less severe in experiments with interrupted ischemia.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The dynamic level of beta 2-microglobulin, the basic lipid peroxidation indices and middle molecules in the blood and urine in patients with acute calculous pyelonephritis against a background of endovascular helium-neon laser therapy].

The authors present the effect of intravenous He-Ne laser therapy on the changes in beta 2-microglobulin, lipid peroxidation, middle-size molecules in the blood and urine of patients with acute calculous pyelonephritis. Endovascular He-Ne laser therapy was found an effective treatment of acute calculous pyelonephritis. The authors propose to combine hemosorption with endovascular He-Ne laser radiation.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Changes in the oxygen tension of the kidney cortex in exposure to laser irradiation at different wavelengths (an experimental study)].

Experiments with exposure of the renal cortex to different kinds of laser radiation with measurement of pO2 demonstrated that intravenous UV laser radiation inhibits tissue oxygenation. Subvascular blood exposure to infrared and intravenous one to He-Ne laser are beneficial as such radiations improve oxygenation of the renal cortex.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The use of xidifon for the correction of phosphorus-calcium metabolism in patients in the terminal stage of chronic kidney failure who are on programmed hemodialysis].

Correction of impaired phosphoric-calcium metabolism was performed in 15 hemodialysis patients with terminal chronic renal failure (TCRF). For this purpose a synthetic analogue of pyrophosphoric acid xidiphone produced in Russia was used (2% aqueous solution 1 tablespoon 3 times a day 0.5 h before meal for 2-3 months). Prior to and in the course of xidiphone treatment all the patients received calcium gluconate (1 g x 3 daily), polyvitamins, on-demand digoxine. Measurements of serum concentrations of urea, potassium, sodium, total calcium, alkaline phosphatase activity demonstrated xidiphone-related normalization of serum total calcium, serum activity of alkaline phosphatase, a mild rise of sodium. The results say in favor of using xidiphone in the TCRF patients.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The DIC syndrome as a complication of the surgical treatment of urolithiasis in urology patients].

The authors discuss the causes of the DIC syndrome in urological patients operated on for urolithiasis. They enumerate the factors predisposing to the DIC syndrome and causing it. The predisposing factors are chronic renal insufficiency and metabolic disorders caused by azotemia, infectious inflammatory complications of urolithiasis, and intoxication. The causes of the disease are massive blood loss involving disorders of the hemodynamics and blood rheology, bacterial shock, and other stress conditions. A protocol for treating this complication and validation of pathogenetic therapy is offered.

Clinical Protocols↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The correlations of the basic indices of central and renal hemodynamics in patients with a single allograft kidney].

A simultaneous assessment of relationship of central and renal hemodynamic parameters has been performed in patients with a renal transplant of different functional performance. Radionuclide routine techniques of one-passage radiocardiography and indirect renal angiography in single bolus intravenous introduction of radiopharmaceutical were used. Three groups of patients were identified according to functional capacity of the renal transplant: 15 patients with satisfactory function of the transplant for 85 days on the average (group 1); 8 patients with unstable function of the transplant for 155 days (group 2); 7 patients with poor function of the transplant for 375 days on the average. The transplant's function was judged by the routine clinical data including blood urea, arterial pressure, heart rate, diuresis, the patients' complaints. Basic parameters of central hemodynamics appeared elevated in all the three groups, the differences being statistically insignificant. However, total peripheral vascular resistance was growing with deterioration of the renal function. Renal hemodynamics worsened with the decline of the transplant's function. Investigation of the relationships between total peripheral vascular resistance (TPVR) and renal vascular resistance (RVR) showed that between the groups there was a significant difference by RVR/TPVR (7.0, 9.0 and 14.0 for groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively), the higher value being the indication of increasing uremic intoxication and functional decline. A simultaneous rise of RVR and TPVR in persistent ratio 7-8 was associated with acute failure of the function in 7-14 days (3 cases). The results of the trial support the validity of simultaneous assessment of central and renal hemodynamics for specifying function of the renal transplant and cardiovascular system in patients with terminal renal failure and transplanted kidney as well as to define the risk group of the transplant's functional failure 7-14 days before manifestation of clinical symptoms.

Hemodynamics↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Lipid peroxidation and the antioxidant system of patients with urolithiasis after extracorporeal lithotripsy].

Activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in red cell membranes, levels of malonic dialdehyde (MDA) and dienic conjugates (DC) in blood plasma, red cells and urine were studied in 53 nephrolithiasis patients. A session of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy stimulated lipid peroxidation (LPO) in renal parenchyma manifesting with increased DC excretion with urine (an 89% increase). In red cell membranes SOD activity fell by 18%, DMA concentration rose by 16%. A two-week intake of vitamin E in a dose 100 mg/day elevated plasma alpha-tocopherol, diminished plasma MDA by 55% and prevented LPO activation in red cell membranes and renal parenchyma.

Antioxidants↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Accumulation of vitamin E in dimethylnitrosamine-induced kidney tumors in rats with various levels of alpha-tocopherol supplementation].

The effect of a long-lasting loading with alpha-tocopherol on the development of dimethylnitrosamine-induced kidney tumors was investigated in 55 non-bred white male rats. The carcinogen was repeatedly introduced into the stomach by means of a gastric tube. Starting 24 days after the last administration of the carcinogen the alpha-tocopherol loading began and lasted up to the end of the experiment. 21 rats were loaded with vitamin E introduced into the stomach, 5 times a week at a dose of 70 mg/kg body weight. 17 rats received sunflower seed oil--the vitamin E solvent; other 17 rats received only standard ration. The control group (20 rats) were not treated with the carcinogen. One part of these rats received alpha-tocopherol by the above schedule while another part--sunflower oil alone. It was shown that the alpha-tocopherol loading had no effect on the incidence of renal tumors. Nevertheless it enhanced to some extent the rate of their development as well as the incidence of blastomes in other organs. Based on histological examination, tumors developed in kidneys were of epithelial and mesenchymal origins with the mesenchymal tumors occurring more frequently (63-69% of the total). Vitamin E content in tumor tissue of rats, loaded or not loaded with alpha-tocopherol, was much higher than that in intact kidneys of corresponding control animals, suggesting a high tumor tropism of this vitamin. Total lipid concentration of tumor tissue was 1.5 times lower than that of intact kidneys. Histological nature of tumors had no visible effect on their vitamin E and total lipid content.

Animals↗