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Biomedical subjects

E Jungmann

Publications and source records attributed to E Jungmann.

118 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[ACTH in the dexamethasone suppression test].

Despite the great clinical importance of the low-dose dexamethasone suppression test (determination of cortisol after dexamethasone 2 mg p.o. at 11.00 p.m. in the evening before) and of the determination of ACTH in plasma, so far only little is known about the ACTH response to dexamethasone in normal subjects. In the present study cortisol and ACTH were determined by radioimmunoassay in normal subjects at 8.00 a.m., 10.00 a.m. and noon before and after dexamethasone. Additionally the cortisol response to ACTH was tested under both conditions. The ACTH concentrations in the morning show a periodicity quite similar to the well-known circadian rhythm of cortisol secretion. Dexamethasone blocks this periodicity without decreasing ACTH significantly. The cortisol response to ACTH after dexamethasone is normal. In the morning only a basal and presumably biologically inactive ACTH is secreted which can not further be suppressed by dexamethasone. Therefore it is advisable for the diagnosis of hypercortisolism to measure ACTH only in stimulation tests, e.g. insulin-induced hypoglycemia.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1982

[ACTH response in the dexamethasone suppression test].

Despite the great clinical importance of the low-dose dexamethasone suppression test (determination of cortisol after dexamethasone 2 mg p.o. at 11.00 p.m. in the evening before) and of the determination of ACTH in plasma, so far only little is known about the ACTH response to dexamethasone in normal subjects. In the present study cortisol and ACTH were determined by radioimmunoassay in normal subjects at 8.00 a.m., 10.00 a.m. and noon before and after dexamethasone. Additionally the cortisol response to ACTH was tested under both conditions. The ACTH concentrations in the morning show a periodicity quite similar to the well-known circadian rhythm of cortisol secretion. Dexamethasone blocks this periodicity without decreasing ACTH significantly. The cortisol response to ACTH after dexamethasone is normal. In the morning only a basal and presumably biologically inactive ACTH is secreted which can not further be suppressed by dexamethasone. Therefore it is advisable for the diagnosis of hypercortisolism to measure ACTH only in stimulation tests, e.g. insulin-induced hypoglycemia.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1982

The inhibiting effect of trilostane on adrenal steroid synthesis: hormonal and morphological alterations induced by subchronic trilostane treatment in normal rats.

In adult male rats the effect of a subchronic treatment with trilostane, a new, orally active, competitive inhibitor of 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, on adrenal steroid production and morphology was studied. Rats were treated with 150 mg or 300 mg trilostane/kg/day for 7 or 14 days and with 150 mg trilostane/kg/day for 10 days in combination with 75 mg propranolol/kg/day or 1 mg indomethacin/kg/day. Trilostane leads to a dose-dependent increase in adrenal weight and to a rather uniform increase in nuclear volumes of zona glomerulosa and zona fasciculata cells. The basal secretion of aldosterone and corticosterone is not significantly altered. Trilostane increases the excretion of sodium and potassium in urine. The stimulating effect of trilostane on plasma renin activity and the adrenal enlargement are not inhibited by propranolol or indomethacin. We conclude that trilostane induces latent adrenal insufficiency. Increased renin and ACTH maintain normal basal steroid levels, and might impair the therapeutic effectiveness of trilostane.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1981

[Bromocriptine in patients with idiopathic edema (author's transl)].

The diuretic therapy of patients with idiopathic edema is known to induce a secondary aldosteronism, which perpetuates edema formation and exacerbates the clinical symptoms. The observation of a decreased excretion of dopamine in these patients suggests that a treatment with the orally active dopamine agonist bromocriptine might be beneficial. Nine patients with typical symptoms of idiopathic edema, which had been present for several years, were treated with bromocriptine (Pravidel) 2 X 2.5 mg/die. The response to therapy was assessed clinically by the normalization of diurnal weight gain and general well-being. Seven patients showed a good response to bromocriptine, in one patient the response was only modest, and in one patient the medication had to be stopped because of nausea. Bromocriptine normalized diurnal weight gain without inducing weight loss. Both without therapy and during bromocriptine treatment electrolytes in serum, blood pressure, plasma renin activity and aldosterone are within the normal range. From the present pilot study it can be concluded that bromocriptine is an effective alternative to the traditional diuretic therapy in some patients with idiopathic edema. It remains unclear, whether the beneficial effect of bromocriptine reveals a dopamine deficiency, or whether bromocriptine is only a symptomatic treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Consequence of habitual use of laxatives (author's transl)].

Though habitual, but not excessive use of laxatives can be observed frequently, no accompanying clinical symptoms have yet been described. The frequent observation of tetany and edema is striking, there is a marked decrease of potassium clearance and an incipient impairment of creatinine clearance. A secondary hyperaldosteronism can be ruled out. The electrocardiograms of 9 patients show signs of mild hypokalemia, which in 2 patients were first misinterpreted as myocardial ischemia and in one patient taken as indication of myocarditis. Oral administration of potassium normalizes the electrocardiograms.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pituitary adenomas: serum hormone levels and immunohistochemical staining for ACTH, GH and prolactin.

In 37 pituitary adenomas obtained by surgery the immunohistochemical staining for ACTH, GH and prolactin and the tumor size were related to the basal serum hormone levels. 5 adenomas were associated with Cushing syndrome, 9 with acromegaly, 17 with hyperprolactinemia and 6 were preoperatively diagnosed as inactive. A rather close correlation between immunoreactivity of tumor tissue and basal serum hormone levels was found for GH and prolactin whereas these two parameters were not significantly correlated in the corticotrophic adenomas examined. Furthermore there was no obvious correlation between serum hormone levels and tumor size. Several non immunoreactive adenomas showed slight hyperprolactinemia; all of them were macroadenomas with extended sellar lesions. This fact may be explained by disturbances in the hypothalamic-hypophyseal regulation of serum prolactin.

Adenoma↗