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Biomedical subjects

E Johansson

Publications and source records attributed to E Johansson.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Evaluation of lymphocyte activation in skin lesions of patients with mixed connective tissue disease and discoid lupus erythematodes.

Biopsy specimens from mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) and discoid lupus erythematodes (DLE) skin lesions were stained with monoclonal antibodies to differentiation and activation antigens. In addition, the blast cells were studied by combining autoradiography with immunoperoxidase staining. In both disease conditions most of the inflammatory cells in situ were positive for T11 antigen, the CD4/CD8 ratio being low. Only a few of the cells were pan-B positive B cells. The expression of various activation antigens did not differ significantly between MCTD and DLE biopsy specimens; the number of T9, Tac, and 4F2 antigen carrying cells was relatively low, whereas Ia-positive cells were more numerous. 3H-Thymidine incorporating T blasts comprised less than 1% of all inflammatory cells. T4 and T8 marker-carrying blast cells were present in about equal proportions. These findings suggest that Ia antigen-expressing T cells are important from the pathogenetic point of view in both MCTD and DLE. Because the local proliferation of T cells was extremely low according to the lack of interleukin-2 receptor and OKT9 markers and 3H-thymidine incorporation, it seems probable that most of the T cells are recruited from the circulation to the site of the inflammation.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Oculomotor findings in autistic children.

Eleven children with infantile autism or autistic-like conditions were examined with oculomotor tests and with auditory brainstem response audiometry. Measurements of voluntary, horizontal non-predictable saccades showed that the eye motor function was abnormal in six (55 per cent) of the eleven patients. The saccades were hypometric in all six instances and the saccadic velocity was reduced in four instances. The abnormalities observed are consistent with brain dysfunction, in most cases probably indicating pontocerebellar involvement. In five instances ABR was found to be abnormal which indicates brainstem dysfunction. Oculomotor dysfunction and/or ABR abnormality was observed in eight (73 per cent) of the patients studied.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Prolonged apparent half-life of delta 1-tetrahydrocannabinol in plasma of chronic marijuana users.

The aim of this study was to characterize the elimination half-life of delta 1-tetrahydrocannabinol in blood plasma in chronic marijuana users. The subjects smoked four cigarettes during a two day period, each cigarette containing 15 mg deuterium-labelled delta 1-tetrahydrocannabinol. The plasma concentrations of deuterium-labelled tetrahydrocannabinol were measured for 13 days using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry equipped with selected ion monitoring. The elimination half-life for delta 1-tetrahydrocannabinol in blood plasma was calculated to be 4.1 +/- 1.1 days (range 2.9-5.0 days) from the two week plasma level curves. Albeit the present results are based upon a small sample, an elimination half-life of delta 1-tetrahydrocannabinol in blood plasma of about 4 days is more in line with apparent half-life excretion of delta 1-tetrahydrocannabinol metabolites in the urine of chronic marijuana smokers.

Dronabinol↗
PubMed1988

C4 null phenotypes among lupus erythematosus patients are predominantly the result of deletions covering C4 and closely linked 21-hydroxylase A genes.

Two genes, C4A and C4B, encoding the fourth component of the complement system are linked to the HLA complex. C4 defects or C4 'null' genes can predispose to an autoimmune disease, lupus erythematosus (LE). We have used Southern blotting techniques to analyse genomic DNA from 23 patients with LE and from healthy controls, to evaluate the molecular basis of the C4 null phenotypes. In addition to the high frequencies of C4 null phenotypes and HLA-B8. DR3 antigens, confirming earlier results, we observed that among the patients both the C4A and C4B null phenotypes mostly resulted from gene deletions. Among the controls only the C4A null phenotypes were predominantly the result of gene deletions. In all cases these C4 gene deletions also extended to a closely linked pseudogene, 21-hydroxylase A (21-OHA). Altogether, 52% of the patients and 26% of the controls carried a C4/21-OHA deletion.

Chromosome Deletion↗
PubMed1988

Demonstration of allergen components in the storage mite Lepidoglyphus destructor by an immunoblotting technique.

The allergen composition of crude extracts of the storage mite Lepidoglyphus destructor were investigated by sodium dodecylsulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting. The allergen components were detected by sera from allergic farmers with a positive radioallergosorbent test to L. destructor. The allergen-antibody complexes were visualized by rabbit anti-IgE and beta-galactosidase-labelled sheep antirabbit IgG in a chromogenic substrate. Six out of the forty-three sera also had IgE antibodies to the culture medium, which were neutralized by addition of medium antigens before the demonstration of mite allergen components. A total of 11 allergen components were identified. Two of them were found to be major allergen components, identified by more than 50% of the 43 sera used in the study. These 2 IgE-binding components had molecular weights of approximately 18,000 and 16,000 daltons, respectively.

Allergens↗
PubMed1988

Comparison of two radioisotope dilution assay kits for measuring vitamin B12 in gruel.

The results obtained using two commercially available radioisotope dilution (RID) assay kits for determining vitamin B12 were compared. Comparison of the results obtained with the two RID methods gave a correlation coefficient of 0.9390 for gruel samples. The results obtained with one of the kits were slightly lower, probably due to a difference in the RID assay techniques.

Edible Grain↗
PubMed1987

Single-dose kinetics of deuterium-labelled cannabinol in man after intravenous administration and smoking.

The single dose pharmacokinetics of deuterium-labelled cannabinol (2H2-CBN) were evaluated in six male cannabis users with different degree of abuse after smoking an average dose of 19 mg and after intravenous administration of 20 mg CBN. Plasma levels were measured for up to 72 h with selected ion monitoring by GC/MS using 2H7-CBN as internal standard. The systemic availability of smoked CBN was found to be 39 +/- 26% (min-max 6-65%). The mean plasma clearance was 19.1 +/- 2.6 ml min-1 kg-1 and the volume of distribution was determined to 50 +/- 23 l kg-1. The apparent terminal half lives for CBN were 32 +/- 17 h and 43 +/- 29 h after intravenous administration and smoking, respectively.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Felodipine analogs: structure-activity relationships.

Several 3,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid [4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-] esters, which are analogs to felodipine, were synthesized and tested for peroral activity and vascular selectivity. Structure-activity relationships demonstrate that felodipine has biological properties (selectivity and oral activity) close to the optimum for this class of compounds.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1987

A long-term clinicopathologic survey of patients with Jessner's lymphocytic infiltration of the skin.

Skin biopsies from 6 patients with Jessner's lymphocytic infiltration (JLI) were studied using monoclonal antibodies in peroxidase staining, on some occasions combined with [3H]thymidine incorporation visualized by autoradiography. Ninety-one +/- two percent of all inflammatory mononuclear cells in situ were T11-positive T lymphocytes, whereas B lymphocytes were few. Forty-nine +/- nine percent of cells were Ia-positive, suggesting involvement of T cells in the local pathogenetic mechanisms, but interleukin-2 receptor-carrying cells as well as [3H]thymidine-incorporating cells accounted for less than 2% of all inflammatory cells, suggesting that T blasts account for only a small minority. Similarly, PCA-1 plasma cells were few in situ, there was no immunoglobulin or complement deposition at the dermal-epidermal junction and serum antinuclear and anti-DNA antibodies as well as complement levels were normal, and no visceral involvement was revealed during the survey period. According to our findings, JLI of the skin seems to be sufficiently distinctive to be appreciated as an entity. T lymphocytes in JLI do not seem to proliferate in the site of inflammation but are merely accumulated from the circulation.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Lack of allergenic cross-reactivity between storage mites and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus.

The allergenic cross-reactivity between storage mites (Lepidoglyphus destructor, Glycyphagus domesticus, Tyrophagus putrescentiae and Acarus siro) and the house dust mite Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus was studied with the radio-allergo-sorbent test (RAST) and the RAST inhibition technique. RAST-positive sera were obtained from fifty-three farmers who were positive to at least one of the four storage mites. Sera from twelve of these farmers, eight of whom were also positive to D. pteronyssinus, were investigated with the RAST inhibition technique. No significant correlations were found between IgE-antibody levels to any single storage mite and D. pteronyssinus. There was no correlation between the RAST results to A. siro and G. domesticus, whereas a significant correlation was found between L. destructor, G. domesticus and T. putrescentiae. The RAST inhibition studies confirmed the greater allergenic similarity between L. destructor, G. domesticus and T. putrescentiae than between A. siro and the other three storage mites. The results of our studies support the hypothesis that each of the storage mites and D. pteronyssinus possess their own unique allergen or allergens. Furthermore, L. destructor, G. domesticus and T. putrescentiae seem to be allergenically more closely related to each other than to A. siro.

Agriculture↗
PubMed1987

Urinary C-peptide excretion at onset of insulin dependent diabetes mellitus in children.

The 24-hour urinary excretion of C-peptide and the plasma C-peptide concentration were measured at the onset of insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in children. The excretion of C-peptide was twice as high as that found in normal control subjects, whereas the plasma C-peptide values were markedly lower, indicating increased urinary leakage of C-peptide in this phase of the disease. In the diabetic children under seven years of age the mean value of C-peptide excretion was clearly lower than in the older children.

Adolescent↗