Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

E J Young

Publications and source records attributed to E J Young.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Concomitant neurocysticercosis and brucellosis.

A young Mexican woman had headache and left arm weakness develop shortly after immigrating to the United States. A solitary cerebral cysticercus was found at surgery, but, instead of the expected finding of clear fluid, the cyst contained pus from which Brucella melitensis was cultured. Although the patient had no signs or symptoms suggestive of brucellosis, agglutination studies revealed IgM and IgG antibodies consistent with active brucellosis. Clinicians should be alert to the possibility of multiple infections in immigrants from countries where parasites and bacteria that are uncommon in the United States are endemic.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Infections associated with prosthetic devices: magnitude of the problem.

The number and diversity of prosthetic devices inserted into patients continue to increase each year. Despite technological advances in the design and manufacture of prostheses and improved surgical techniques, infection remains a serious and potentially fatal complication. Although the incidence of serious infections remains low (averaging a few per cent for totally implanted devices), the consequences of an infected prosthesis can be disastrous. The incidence of infections related to temporary or partially implanted devices is even higher than for prostheses completely covered by the skin. In addition to excess morbidity and occasionally mortality, prosthesis-related infections add to the costs of medical care and to prolonged hospitalization. the magnitude of the problem is greatly underappreciated, in part due to the care of such infections on a piecemeal basis by numerous and diverse health care specialists.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1988

Infections in prosthetic devices.

Infection in prosthetic devices is a rare but potentially serious complication of prosthesis implant surgery. Infections associated with a variety of permanently implanted devices are reviewed in the context of recent knowledge of the host-prosthesis interaction.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1988

Native valve endocarditis caused by dysgonic fermenter type 2 bacilli.

A chronic alcoholic who had casual contact with dogs developed subacute tricuspid endocarditis caused by the unusual gram-negative bacillus dysgonic fermenter type 2 (DF-2). Despite recurrent pulmonary emboli, the patient had an apparent successful response to 6 weeks of penicillin therapy. Two weeks after discharge, he experienced congestive heart failure necessitating tricuspid valvulectomy. No evidence of active infection was found in tissue removed at surgery. Despite the achievement of a bacteriologic cure, surgery for residual valve damage is not uncommon in endocarditis, regardless of the microbial etiology. In this case, alcoholism was the only risk factor predisposing to infection presumably contracted from exposure to dogs.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1988

Acute brucella ileitis.

Human brucellosis is an enteric fever in which systemic symptoms are generally more prominent than gastrointestinal complaints. During an outbreak of infection caused by Brucella melitensis, linked to ingestion of unpasteurized goat milk cheese, we treated a child with radiographic evidence of acute ileitis. Alimentary tract involvement in brucellosis is reviewed.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1987

Manifestations of sepsis.

The clinical manifestations of sepsis may be flagrant or subtle. Awareness of the signs and symptoms of sepsis allows early recognition and prompt, appropriate management. The clinical presentation, relative frequency, and current pathophysiologic understanding of the manifestations of sepsis are reviewed. Special emphasis is placed on the cardiopulmonary manifestations, which are examined in a temporal sequence of preshock, early shock, and late shock states. While therapy for the underlying infection (such as antibiotics and drainage of abscesses) is often sufficient, therapy for the specific manifestations of sepsis may also be necessary. Guidelines for therapy for these manifestations of sepsis are given.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1986

Antimicrobial susceptibility of clinical isolates of Brucella.

A number of antimicrobial agents have been used in the treatment of human brucellosis with varying effectiveness. The purpose of this study was to test the in vitro susceptibility of isolates of four Brucella species to a variety of antimicrobial agents, and to study in vitro synergy of combinations of agents. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined using conventional broth microdilution methods and commercially available systems. Conventional checkerboard synergy microdilutions were prepared for gentamicin or streptomycin plus tetracycline, and rifampicin plus tetracycline. Synergy or antagonism was determined by the fractional inhibitory concentration index. Penicillin G and ampicillin showed in vitro activity against Brucella (MIC90 4 micrograms/ml), whereas the antipseudomonal penicillins were less active (carbenicillin MIC90 12 micrograms/ml, piperacillin MIC90 32 micrograms/ml). Among the third generation cephalosporins tested, cefotaxime (MIC90 2 micrograms/ml) demonstrated greatest activity. As a class, aminoglycosides were equivalent (MIC90 1-4 micrograms/ml). All strains were sensitive to tetracycline (MIC90 0.25 microgram/ml), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (MIC90 1/19 micrograms/ml), and rifampin (MIC90 1 microgram/ml). Erythromycin (MIC90 greater than 8 micrograms/ml) and vancomycin (MIC90 greater than 16 micrograms/ml) demonstrated no activity. In vitro synergy (fractional inhibitory concentration index less than 0.5) was demonstrated with tetracycline plus rafampin in six of eight isolates tested.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1986

Culture-negative endocarditis with purpura and arterial emboli.

We have presented a case of culture-negative endocarditis in which purpura and arterial emboli were the major findings, and in which echocardiograms were normal, but angiograms revealed vegetations and unsuspected severe aortic valve insufficiency.

Aortic Valve Insufficiency↗
PubMed1985

Phagocytosis and killing of Brucella by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

Although cellular immunity involving activated macrophages is important in resistance to Brucella, serum factors and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs) play some role in the initial response to infection. The interaction between human PMNLs and virulent and attenuated strains of Brucella abortus and Brucella melitensis was studied by in vitro techniques. Virulent and attenuated strains of both species were rapidly phagocytosed after opsonization with normal human serum (NHS); nonopsonized bacteria were not phagocytosed. In contrast, NHS devoid of detectable antibodies was bactericidal for strains of B. abortus but not of B. melitensis. In addition, intracellular killing of ingested bacteria was shown for virulent B. abortus but not for B. melitensis. Ultrastructural studies revealed morphological alterations in about one-half of phagocytosed B. abortus and B. melitensis after incubation for 10 min; thereafter, nearly 100% of B. abortus showed some degree of degeneration, whereas B. melitensis remained intact during 120 min of observation.

Adult↗