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Biomedical subjects

E J Jonkman

Publications and source records attributed to E J Jonkman.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Recovery from cerebral ischaemia. EEG, cerebral blood flow and clinical symptomatology in the first three years after a stroke.

In 43 patients suffering from unilateral supratentorial ischaemia the changes over an interval of 3 years in clinical score, quantified EEG (using the neurometric method) and CBF (Xenon inhalation method) were studied. The patients were examined 3 times: shortly after the onset of ischaemia and respectively 3 and 36 months after this first measurement. Three patients died from causes not related to cerebral ischaemia. In the surviving patients the EEG and clinical score improved, often dramatically; the CBF values did not change significantly. Most of the changes occurred in the first 3 months after the stroke. For the evaluation of the prognostic value of the various parameters, 2 sub-groups of patients with different outcome but comparable initial clinical scores were studied. A persistent neurological deficit was predicted by a low CBF at the first measurement. The neurometric parameters obtained from the initial EEG had no value in this respect.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Changes in cerebral blood flow pattern after carotid endarterectomy.

A comparison was made between pre- and postoperative cerebral blood flow measurements in 20 patients who underwent endarterectomy. Most patients showed no difference between both studies. However in 4 of the series an increase in blood flow was observed while in another 4 patients a decrease occurred. Especially patients with a low preoperative flow seemed to have profited from the endarterectomy.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

The effect of reconstructive vascular surgery on clinical status, quantitative EEG and cerebral blood flow in patients with cerebral ischaemia. A three month follow-up study in operated and unoperated stroke patients.

Follow-up studies over a period of 3 months were carried out on 100 patients with a unilateral ischaemia in the territory of the middle cerebral artery. Twenty-six patients underwent an STA-MCA bypass operation and 23 patients, a carotid endarterectomy. Fifty-one unoperated patients served as a reference group. A clinical examination, quantitative electroencephalogram (qEEG) and cerebral blood flow study (CBF) were performed before, 2 weeks after and 3 months after surgery. In the unoperated patients these examinations were carried out shortly after admission, 3 weeks later and 3 months thereafter. In the unoperated group, a highly significant improvement of clinical score and qEEG was found, but there were no changes in CBF values. The bypass patients showed a transient deterioration of clinical score and qEEG after surgery. Further, over the 3 month post-operative period, the bypass patients and the endarterectomy patients showed no improvement in CBF and qEEG. Thus, a beneficial effect of reconstructive surgery over the period studied could not be demonstrated.

Brain↗
PubMed1986

The possible significance of symmetry and asymmetry of the mean hemispheric CBF in patients with one-sided cerebral ischemia.

The difference in mean hemispheric CBF was compared in two groups of patients suffering from one-sided cerebral ischemia. One group without significant arteriographic abnormalities and a group with a one-sided internal carotid artery occlusion. The Xenon inhalation method (ISI) was used. It seems to be difficult to draw any conclusions from the differences between mean hemispheric ISI values, especially for patients with fairly severe clinical symptoms. In far the most patients without significant arteriographic abnormalities, no significant difference was found. A great difference (high ISI ratio) for patients with no or only slight symptoms may indicate a disturbed blood flow to the hemisphere with the lower ISI. Such high ratios were only found in patients suffering from a one-sided occlusion of the internal carotid artery. This rather simple and harmless method of blood flow measurement may prove to be a valuable contribution toward insight into the pathophysiology of blood flow in patients, especially those suffering from one-sided internal carotid artery occlusion.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Measurement of knee tendon reflex latencies in lumbar radicular syndromes.

The latency of the knee tendon reflex (KTR) in the vastus medialis muscle was measured by eliciting the reflex manually with a metal hammer. Normal values were obtained in a reference group of 35 subjects. The difference in right and left KTR was used as the parameter in the investigation of 20 patients with a proven L3 or L4 monoradicular syndrome; it was abnormal in 65% of the cases. In 10 patients an asymmetrical KTR was the only relevant abnormality in the combined electromyography and reflex study. Measurement of the KTR seems to be useful in the assessment of patients suspected of a lumbar radicular syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

The use of neurometrics in the study of patients with cerebral ischaemia.

The 'neurometric' method, as developed by John, was used for the study of patients with one-sided supratentorial ischaemia. The results of a reference group of 64 normal volunteers were compared with those of a group of 94 patients. This patient group included 54 patients with permanent neurological deficit (completed stroke or partial non-progressive stroke) and 40 patients with transient neurological symptoms (reversible ischaemic neurological deficit or transient ischaemic attacks). In 90% of all patients the neurometric method indicated that the EEG had to be considered as abnormal (compared with 3% of false positives in the reference group). A significant overall asymmetry was found in 82% of all patients compared with 2% in the reference group. During the follow-up period of 3 months there was a significant improvement of the EEG (as indicated by 3 neurometric parameters) as well as an improvement in clinical condition. In 57.5% of the EEGs, both the neurometric score and the visual assessment of the EEG indicated that some abnormality was present. In 6.6% of the cases both methods failed to indicate any abnormality. In 34.0% the neurometrics method revealed an abnormality in the EEG which was not found by visual assessment. In only 1.9% of the patients did visual assessment suggest abnormalities which could not be confirmed by neurometrics. In the group of EEGs which were considered as normal by visual assessment, the neurometrics method revealed abnormalities in 84%. The neurometric method is at the moment the most sensitive approach for detecting abnormalities in the EEG of patients with unilateral cerebral ischaemia. However, the method seems not very accurate for lateralization or localization of the lesions.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Methods of EEG quantification for the improvement of diagnosis in multiple sclerosis].

The quantified EEG was studied in 20 patients with multiple sclerosis. The results were compared with those of a matched control group of normal volunteers. Abnormalities in the quantified EEG could be demonstrated in 50% of the MS patients. The value of the method in clinical practice, however, is limited: 95% of our patients showed abnormal results of the CSF analysis and/or EP studies. It seems advisable to use computer analysis of the EEG only in those MS patients in whom the much simpler EP recordings and CSF analysis does not lead to conclusive results.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

CBF measured by the Xenon-133 inhalation technique and quantified EGG (qEEG) investigations in patients with unilateral internal carotid artery occlusion.

The CBF measurements (Xenon-133, inhalation technique) and quantified EEG (qEEG) recordings of 20 patients with cerebrovascular disturbances due to an unilateral internal carotid artery occlusion were evaluated. One of the advantages of the inhalation method is the possibility of the simultaneous CBF measurement of both hemispheres. Special attention is paid to the difference in flow between the two hemispheres. The results of this investigation are compared with the findings of the qEEG studies. Furthermore the relationship between these results and the clinical state of the patient was studied. Although computer analysis revealed EEG abnormalities in 80% of the cases no correlation could be found between the grade of EEG abnormalities and the clinical data of the patient and/or the CBF parameters. A correlation was found between the asymmetry as well as the absolute values of the hemispheric flow and the clinical state. The question whether CBF measurements can provide a better insight into the pathophysiology of the blood flow pattern in patients with unilateral internal carotid artery occlusions was considered as well.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Measurement of the Achilles tendon reflex for the diagnosis of lumbosacral root compression syndromes.

The Hoffmann reflex and the Achilles tendon reflex were measured in a group of 194 subjects suspected of having a lumbosacral root compression syndrome. The Achilles tendon reflex was elicited manually with a metal hammer. There was a high correlation between the H-M interval and the Achilles tendon reflex-M interval. The usefulness of the Achilles tendon reflex was evaluated in a selected sub-group of 61 patients with proven L5 or S1 root compression. Neither the H-reflex nor the Achilles tendon reflex appeared to be of any value in detecting L5 root compression. Both the H-reflex and the Achilles tendon reflex proved to be useful for diagnosis of S1 root compression syndromes, the latter being the more sensitive method.

Achilles Tendon↗
PubMed1980

[EEG and CAT in astrocytomas grade III-IV (author's transl)].

The relation between C.A.T., EEG, echoencephalography and clinical data was studied in 33 patients with astrocytoma grade III-IV. The diagnostic and localizing possibilities of the EEG were evaluated. The occurrence of EEG signs (focal delta-activity, asymmetry of normal rhythms, frontal intermittent rhythmic delta-activity etc.) was related to the C.A.T.-findings. A prognostic value of the EEG could be established in this group of patients. The results of the A-scan echoencephalography were compared with the midine displacements as shown on the C.A.T. It is pointed out that comparative studies of C.A.T. and EEG are valuable only when clinically homogeneous groups are taken into consideration. The necessity of such studies for a better understanding of the EEG is stressed.

Adult↗