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Biomedical subjects

E J Bell

Publications and source records attributed to E J Bell.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1978

Immune status of children of immigrants to poliomyelitis.

Four ethnic groups of children from the Glasgow area--155 Asians, 85 Africans, 85 Chinese, and 93 Scots--were examined for neutralising to poliovirus types 1, 2, and 3. Only seven of the 418 children had no detectable antibody, and of these, four were aged less than 7 months; none had received polio vaccine. The best-protected children were the Chinese (93% with antibody to all three poliovirus types), followed by the African (81%), Scottish (78%), and Asian children (77%). We conclude that children of immigrants are no more vulnerable to poliovirus infection than their Scottish counterparts.

Africa↗
PubMed1978

Stool viruses in babies in Glasgow 2. Investigation of normal newborns in hospital.

The stools of 37 newborn babies born in hospital were examined for the presence of virus. An extract of every stool passed by each baby was examined in the electron microscopy and inoculated into cell cultures. The babies were delivered in four separate maternity units (A-D). All the babies from unit A and C(9 babies) were found to be excreting rotavirus though none showed any evidence of diarrhoea. Two of the babies also excreted astrovirus. Subsequently unit A was closed for cleaning and, on reopening with more restrictions on visitors, a further 19 babies were examined. No virus was found in any of their stools, nor was virus observed in the stools of babies from units B and D, where visiting was also more restricted. Visiting restrictions in these units excluded older siblings of the babies. No virus was cultured from any stools in this study.

Environmental Exposure↗
PubMed1978

Role of Coxsackie B viruses in myocardial infarction.

Serological evidence of Coxsackie B virus infection was found in 13.5 per cent of 52 patients with acute myocardial infarction and in 19 per cent of 52 controls with chest pain but normal electrocardiograms. In contrast to an Australian report, but in agreement with previous findings in Glasgow, it seems unlikely that Coxsackie B viruses contribute significantly to the causation of myocardial infarction.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Stool viruses in babies in Glasgow. I. Hospital admissions with diarrhoea.

Stools from 183 babies under 2 years of age admitted to Ruchill Hospital with diarrhoea were examined by electron microscopy, virus culture, bacterial culture and light microscopy. As far as possible, several stools were examined from each patient and the results showed rotaviruses, astroviruses and other viruses in association with symptoms, as well as the expected bacterial pathogens. Examination of several stools from the same patient also showed that in this age group the viral flora of the gut changes rapidly and that the viruses seen by electron microscopy were only rarely grown in cell culture and vice versa. This phenomenon was particularly noted with adenoviruses. In 30% of cases no microbial pathogen was identified and in the remainder the presence of the infecting organism did not always coincide with the symptoms. It is concluded that, with viruses at least, presence of the organism does not constitute proof of causation.

Adenoviruses, Human↗
PubMed1975

ECHO 9 infection in pregnant women with suspected rubella.

Both rubella virus and Echovirus 9 (ECHO 9) were epidemic in Scotland during the summer of 1973; both viruses can cause a mild febrile illness with rash. Sera from 286 rubella-negative pregnant women were tested for neutralizing antibodies to ECHO 9 virus; 40 women had antibody titres suggestive of recent infection. Prospective studies on the outcome of these pregnancies are in progress but preliminary results suggest no connexion between fetal damage and ECHO 9 infection.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1975

The epidemiology of enteroviruses.

International and local Scottish data illustrate the epidemiology of enteroviruses in recent years. Polioviruses still predominate as causes of serious paralytic disease, except where controlled by vaccination and require continuing surveillance. Aseptic meningitis is the commonest reported illness due to enterovirus infection, but notable clinical manifestations of certain types (particularly coxsackie group A) involve the skin and mucous membranes and the respiratory tract. Gastrointestinal disturbance has been reported in some echovirus infections, and cardiac disease is particularly associated with group B coxsackie virus infections. Although most enterovirus infections are silent or trivial in severity, the trend towards periodic epidemicity of different enteroviruses involving older age-groups may entail the emergence of new disease problems of which heart disease may be one example.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Echovirus type 4 infections in Scotland, 1971-72.

An outbreak of infection due to echovirus 4 in Scotland involving 194 cases during 1971-72 is described. Clinical and epidemiological information was obtained and analysed for 181 patients, of whom 149 (82%) developed aseptic meningitis. The majority of cases were older children (39%) and young adults (40%), although the highest attack rate was in infants (10.5 per 100,000 population). An unusual feature of the outbreak was its biphasic nature with cases occurring largely in the same geographic areas in successive years.

Adolescent↗