Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

E J Barton

Publications and source records attributed to E J Barton.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Saccades to remembered targets exhibit enhanced orbital position effects in monkeys.

Remembered saccades of rhesus monkeys are markedly influenced by starting eye position. Altering the initial position systematically affects the direction or amplitude of the movements to a striking degree. In general, changes in the horizontal or vertical starting position primarily produce changes in the horizontal or vertical component, respectively, regardless of whether the target displacement occurs in the horizontal or vertical direction. For some monkeys, a similar pattern of initial position influence on movement direction can be seen in the curvature of visually guided saccades. Starting position also modulates the upward offset in fixation, which monkeys display in the dark.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1993

Neural control of saccadic eye movements.

Recent experiments report that localization of brief targets presented during an ongoing saccade is not accurate. Because interpretations of these findings challenge an important tenet of existing oculomotor models, we examine the methodological and logical bases of these conclusions. Also, we review recent research related to the roles of the frontal eye fields and cerebellum in the control of saccadic eye movements. Pathways by which neurons in the frontal eye fields control the initiation and metrics of saccades have been clarified by studying the functional properties of neurons in the frontal eye fields that project to oculomotor regions of the pons, and the discovery of a short-latency pathway that enables relatively direct control of saccade initiation. We review the puzzling literature on the role of vermal lobules VIc, VII and the fastigial nuclei in the control of saccadic eye movements and suggest a testable hypothesis about how the fastigial projection to inhibitory burst neurons could modify saccade metrics.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Video urodynamic studies and clinical outcome.

We have reviewed the clinical outcome in 64 patients having combined structural and functional lower urinary tract studies (video urodynamics). The results represent two years' experience of a unit encouraging referral only of those complex patients thought to need the combined study, rather than simple urodynamic measurements. The test's accuracy and its influence on management were not in question, and most patients (58%) were improved. The results suggest that the test is decisively useful in patients with obstruction, whether complicated by bladder instability or not. A poor stream or a neuropathic bladder were the important clinical pointers to this group. The great majority of patients suffering from stress incontinence were improved on review, whilst most of those with frequency and urgency of micturition were no better. The combined test may have given diagnostic confirmation here, but it did not bear importantly on outcome. Diagnostic certainty in these groups was therefore of doubtful, value, and dearly bought.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Pulmonary paraprotein production in Waldenström's macroglobulinaemia.

A case of Waldenström's macroglobulinaemia is presented where marrow examination was normal and production of the abnormal protein was centered on the lungs. Symptomatic and biochemical improvement was achieved with chlorambucil and prednisone. Lung manifestations in the disease are briefly reviewed.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1979

Sharing in preschool children: Facilitation, stimulus generalization, response generalization, and maintenance.

Three approaches to facilitating verbal and physical sharing and of the generalizability and durability of the behaviors that were trained were investigated. During a free play period, groups of preschool children were taught to share verbally, to share physically, or to share verbally and physically; another group was not trained. Immediately following free play, the children were observed in a different setting. Follow-up was conducted 4 weeks after training ended. Physical sharing that was durable and generalizable resulted only when children were taught to share verbally. Increases in physical sharing produced by training children to share only physically were not durable and did not generalize. Training both verbal and physical sharing produced results with a magnitude slightly greater than teaching just verbal sharing. Despite a lack of special programming, some of the treatment effects generalized to another setting and were maintained during the Follow-up. There was response generalization of the effects of training verbal sharing to physical sharing but not vice versa. Problems with the concept of response class, a methodological suggestion for studying response generalization, and possibilities concerning why generalization and maintenance occurred without specific programming are discussed.

Journal Article↗