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Biomedical subjects

E I Hamilton

Publications and source records attributed to E I Hamilton.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Irradiated cells.

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Environmental Exposure↗
PubMed1988

Geobiocoenosis: the chemical elements and relative abundances in biotic and abiotic systems.

Geobiocoenosis (the total ecosystem i.e. biotic + abiotic) is concerned with the evolution of life on Earth, in particular the harmony which has developed between geochemical and biological systems. In any geochemical province the abundance of the elements in the geosphere should, to various degrees, be reflected by those present in the biosphere. The extent to which elements are transferred from an abiotic to a biotic system is normally controlled by the particular biological processes which characterise the biota. On the basis of associations between elements which were established during organic evolution, here I consider whether or not any coherent patterns in the abundances of the elements occur between abiotic and biotic systems. In particular, to establish what may be considered as normal and those which are disturbed, for example as a consequence of contamination and pollution of the environment. An objective is to establish natural abundance patterns for the elements in living organisms in order to provide baseline data for concentrations rather than accept alternatives, such as those based upon the sensitivity of a particular analytical technique or inspired guesses.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

The Chernobyl accident--radionuclide fallout in S.W. England.

Initial fallout data from the nuclear reactor accident at Chernobyl is presented for the Plymouth region of Devon S.W. England which received low levels of radioactivity. During the period of maximum fallout the overall gross gamma activity for the Plymouth area was approximately 10% higher than levels recorded prior to the Chernobyl accident. The increase in levels of radioactivity were within the variability of natural background found in local houses.

Accidents↗
PubMed1976

Review of the chemical elements and environmental chemistry--strategies and tactics.

Inspite of advanced technology and the availability of adequate basic analytical instrumentation there is a need to improve the quality of data obtained in many programmes of environmental monitoring. Really new approaches are required based upon interdisciplinary, as distinct from pluridisciplinary cooperation; during the early stages individual disciplines need to extend some degree of charity. Scientists have to acknowledge the social implications of many of their studies and face up to controversial issues particularly in relation to pollution of the environment. Today we do not know the significance of levels of most contaminants and pollutants found in the environment, and many have not even been identified. Besides large releases of pollutants, a fundamental problem concerns man's biological response to low doses of various substances over long periods of time; the interval between an initial insult and the detection of detrimental effects for many physical and chemical agents can amount to between 10-30 years. In the absence of an objective interdisciplinary approach the expertise developed in an individual discipline is not available to others in which it may be of value. Many types of instrumentation and techniques developed in one discipline are unknown, or untried, in another; centralised facilities provide an adequate spectrum of tools and skills which are essential in tackling current problems. This approach has been shown to be rewarding in industry and in several private research organisations. In this paper the versatility of some types of modern instrumentation is illustrated in several fields of environmental chemistry and some of the substantial problems are discussed.

Air Pollutants↗