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Biomedical subjects

E Huntington

Publications and source records attributed to E Huntington.

29 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Effect of oral care habits on caries in adolescents.

Data on toothbrushing habits were collected during a 3-year caries clinical trial of sodium monofluorophosphate toothpastes in Lanarkshire, Scotland, involving 3,005 schoolchildren of mean age 12.5 years at baseline. Stated normal brushing frequency and oral rinsing method after brushing were recorded. Half the panel indicated they rinsed their mouths after toothbrushing using a beaker. The proportion of the panel brushing once per day or more increased during the trial. Differences in oral habits were observed between the sexes, with 42% of girls and 52% of boys being non-beaker rinsers and 73% of girls, but only 44% of boys, brushing their teeth at least twice per day. Twice-a-day brushers had a consistently lower caries increment than less frequent brushers. This was also seen in the baseline prevalence data, but did not account for all incremental differences noted. Subjects using beakers had consistently higher increments than non-beaker rinsers. Again, this difference could not be explained by variations in baseline prevalence. Differences in the caries increment were also observed between boys and girls, these appearing to be linked both to the cumulative effect of male/female habit variations plus a difference in the baseline caries prevalence. A dose response to the three fluoride levels, i.e 1,000, 1,500, and 2,500 ppm F, was seen for the different habit combinations which again could not be explained by differences in the baseline caries prevalence.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Improved sensitivity in caries clinical trials by selection on the basis of baseline caries experience.

As caries prevalence in some countries declines, and panel sizes for discriminating anti-caries clinical trials inevitably increase, the need for participant pre-selection grows to avoid escalating cost and manpower problems. Hence, retrospective analyses of data were undertaken, from a 3-yr double-blind caries clinical trial where a linear fluoride dose-response had been obtained. As a result, it was demonstrated that the eruption status of permanent second molars, in 3005 participants aged 11-12 yr at outset, when coupled with their baseline clinical DMFT values, provided a sound basis for panellist size prediction without loss of sensitivity. Thus, had only those subjects with DMFT greater than 4, with at least three of their permanent second molars erupted been selected following clinical baseline examination, the same sensitivity would have been achieved with 52% fewer subjects. Furthermore, using these criteria, selection can be made on site, in real time, and a child informed whether its immediate participation in a trial is possible.

Child↗
PubMed1988

A 3-year oral health dose-response study of sodium monofluorophosphate dentifrices with and without zinc citrate: anti-caries results.

A 3-yr clinical trial has been conducted on 3000 12-yr-old children in Lanarkshire, Scotland, with the aim of investigating the effects on oral health of toothpastes containing both sodium monofluorophosphate and zinc citrate, the former being present at fluoride levels of 1000, 1500, and 2500 ppm F. No significant difference in caries increments was found between the group of children using toothpastes incorporating zinc citrate and their counterparts using zinc-free pastes. However, a significant anti-caries dose-response was demonstrated over the SMFP range used. This dose-response was evident for boys and girls and also for the various types of teeth and tooth surfaces.

Child↗
PubMed1985

Increasing the sensitivity of caries clinical trials by applying logistic modelling to specific teeth.

An alternative statistical approach is proposed for analysing data from longitudinal clinical trials. Caries increments on those teeth which are known to be particularly susceptible to caries for the population under study are represented by a linear logistic probability model. Expression of the caries increments in the form of a probability model should lead to a better understanding of the relative importance of the various factors which contribute to the caries increment in the population under study. When this model was applied to caries increments on the permanent second molars of children aged 11-13 yr at the baseline of two 3-yr trials, the sensitivity of statistical analysis was up to five times greater than that obtained with traditional statistical methods.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prevalence of dental caries in Latvian 11- to 15-year-Old children and the enhanced diagnostic yield of temporary tooth separation, FOTI and electronic caries measurement.

The aim of this study was to test the feasibility of employing clinical visual examination at the D(1) (enamel and dentine caries) diagnostic threshold, fibre-optic transillumination (FOTI), elective temporary tooth separation (ETTS) and electronic caries measurement (ECM) in the environment of an epidemiological study or clinical trial. It also aimed to compare the diagnostic yield of these diagnostic aides and methods. The sample consisted of 182 Latvian children, mean age 13.3 years (range = 10.6-15.7). For 12-year-old subjects the mean D(3)MFS was 10.58 (SD 6.05) and the mean D(1)MFS was 19.97 (SD 10.47). The additional diagnostic yield from FOTI examination of approximal sites was 40.0% at the D(1) threshold. The additional apparent yield for ETTS was 52.8% at the D(1) threshold. ETTS detected 38.3% more carious surfaces than FOTI at the D(1) threshold. Conversely 57 surfaces thought to be carious on FOTI examination were judged sound following ETTS. Although the ECM appeared practical to use, it broke early in the trial and the results obtained prior to breakdown appeared inaccurate. In conclusion, all diagnostic methods were feasible under the conditions of an epidemiological study or clinical trial.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A randomised controlled trial of the efficacy of supervised toothbrushing in high-caries-risk children.

Scottish children have one of the highest levels of caries experience in Europe. Only 33% of 5-year-old children in Dundee who developed caries in their first permanent molars by 7 brushed their teeth twice a day. High-caries-risk children should benefit if they brush more often with fluoridated toothpaste. The aim of this clinical trial was to determine the reduction in 2-year caries increment that can be achieved by daily supervised toothbrushing on school-days with a toothpaste containing 1,000 ppm fluoride (as sodium monofluorophosphate) and 0.13% calcium glycerophosphate, combined with recommended daily home use, compared to a control group involving no intervention other than 6-monthly clinical examinations. Five hundred and thirty-four children, mean age 5.3, in schools in deprived areas of Tayside were recruited. Each school had two parallel classes, one randomly selected to be the brushing class and the other, the control. Local mothers were trained as toothbrushing supervisors. Children brushed on school-days and received home supplies. A single examiner undertook 6-monthly examinations recording plaque, caries (D(1) level), and used FOTI to supplement the visual caries examination. For children in the brushing classes, the 2-year mean caries increment on first permanent molars was 0.81 at D(1) and 0.21 at D(3) compared to 1.19 and 0.48 for children in the control classes (significant reductions of 32% at D(1) and 56% at D(3)). In conclusion, high-caries-risk children have been shown to have significantly less caries after participating in a supervised toothbrushing programme with a fluoridated toothpaste.

Cariostatic Agents↗