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Biomedical subjects

E Hoppe

Publications and source records attributed to E Hoppe.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Results of the diagnosis of adrenal masses using percutaneous CT-guided fine needle biopsy].

This paper reports the results of 42 CT-aided fine needle biopsies of adrenal masses in 40 patients (26 were smaller than 3 cm., six smaller than 1 cm.). There were 25 adenomas, seven metastases, one primary carcinoma, one case of tuberculosis, two phaeochromocytomas and four post-inflammatory lesions. Diagnostic material was obtained in 88%. There was one incorrect diagnosis and on five occasions the result was indefinite, leading to an accuracy of 73%. Exclusion or demonstration of malignancy was, however, correct in 85%. There were no complications except for one unimportant pneumothorax.

Addison Disease↗
PubMed1985

CT guided percutaneous fine-needle biopsy of the pancreas.

147 CT guided fine-needle biopsies of the pancreas were carried out on 141 patients (45 malignant tumours, 79 chronic pancreatitis and pancreas without lesions, respectively). In 23 pseudocysts a malignant lesion could be excluded. By analysing the remaining 124 biopsies (non-cystic targets) an overall accuracy of 79%, a sensitivity of 71% and a specificity of 84% in differentiating between benign and malignant lesions were obtained. By excluding 12% of biopsies with no diagnostic material, an overall accuracy of 90% might be recorded. The comparison between the number of aspirates per examination and the cytological diagnoses would indicate that a minimum of four aspirates is required for satisfactory results.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1984

The role of old age in the effects of glucose on insulin secretion, pentosephosphate shunt activity, pyridine nucleotides and glutathione of rat pancreatic islets.

In pancreatic islets of adult (three month) and old (24 month) rats the effect of glucose on glucose oxidation, pyridine nucleotides, glutathione and insulin secretion was studied. DNA content was similar in both groups of animals; however, islets of old rats exhibited 30% less insulin content. While glucose-induced (16.7 mM) insulin secretion in islets of old rats was approximately 50% less than in islets of adults, no significant difference was observed in the insulin releasing effect of theophylline (1 mM). Although islet production of 14CO2 in the presence of 16.7 mM glucose increased equally in both groups, elevation of glucose failed to increase the percentage of total glucose oxidation via the pentose phosphate shunt in islets of old rats. Elevation of glucose increased the NADPH/NADP and the NADH/NAD ratio in both groups of islets in a similar manner. The effect of glucose on the GSH/GSSG ratio revealed a dose-related increase in the islets of adult rats, whereas islets of old rats did not respond to elevation of glucose. Our data seem to indicate that the lower secretory response of islets of old rats is related to the failure of glucose to increase the GSH/GSSG ratio. In contrast the insulin release induced by theophylline does not appear to depend on islet thiols.

Aging↗
PubMed1984

[Analysis of the results of 96 CT-guided fine needle biopsies of liver masses].

A prospective study of 96 CT-guided fine needle biopsies in 93 patients showed 47 malignant and 46 benign lesions in the liver. Overall accuracy was 97%, with a sensitivity of 92% as specificity of 96%. At least four punctures per biopsy were necessary for a reliable diagnosis. In order to save time, fine needle biopsy is recommended to be carried out immediately after the initial CT.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

The conductance to outflow of CSF in adults with high-pressure hydrocephalus.

The intraventricular pressure was compared with conductance to outflow of CSF (Cout) in 12 patients with high-pressure hydrocephalus of less than 3 months duration. Cout was measured by a lumbo-ventricular or a ventriculo-ventricular perfusion test. In all patients Cout was very low (median 0.016 ml mm Hg-1 minute-1). Thus high-pressure hydrocephalus may be considered to be the consequence of a greatly increased resistance to resorption of CSF. The level of the measured ICP (mean: ICP 23.5 mm Hg) corresponded to the theoretical level calculated from the measured Cout. B-waves were observed during most of the recording periods and episodes of plateau waves were seen in all patients but one. In this particular group of patients, the unsatisfactory results of ventriculo-atrial shunting emphasize the high risks associated conditions leading to high-pressure hydrocephalus.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

The clinical outcome of patients with severe head injuries, treated with highdose dexamethasone, hyperventilation and barbiturates.

The outcome in 45 consecutive patients following severe head injuries is presented. All patients were evaluated according to the Glasgow Coma Scale and the Glasgow Outcome Scale. All patients received a combined treatment consisting of dexamethasone, barbiturate and hyperventilation. A primary operative intervention was performed in 14 patients with intracranial haematomas. There was a good recovery in 53%, 20% were moderately disabled, 11% were severely disabled. 16% died or remained in a vegetative state. The patients were aged between 5 and 83 years, 49% were under 20 years, and the relationship between age and outcome was demonstrated. 86% of the patients under 20 years and 60% over 20 years made a good recovery. These results indicate that a more favourable prognosis is possible after severe head injury, especially in children and thus the combined treatment described above appears justified.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Effect of leucine on the pyridine nucleotide contents of islets and on the insulin released--interactions in vitro with methylene blue, thiol oxidants, and p-chloromercuribenzoate.

In the presence of glucose (2 mg/ml), leucine (10 mM) noticeably increased islets' NADPH contents as well as the NADPH:NADP ratio; the changes occurred as soon as 1 min after its addition. NADH concentrations were also increased by leucine. The NADPH:NADP ratio as well as insulin release stimulated by glucose plus leucine were markedly decreased by methylene blue. The thiol oxidants diamide and tert-butyl hydroperoxide also inhibited insulin secretion in response to glucose plus leucine. Employing the perfused pancreas technique, the insulin-releasing action of p-chloromercuribenzoate was further enhanced by leucine. The combined effects were inhibited by tert-butyl hydroperoxide, however. Our data suggest that the insulin-releasing action of leucine depends on the islets' NADPH and reduced glutathione (GSH); in addition, leucine may contribute to insulin secretion by increasing the islet NADPH:NADP ratio and the NADH:NAD ratio. From the data, we assume that the observed increase of NADPH may lead via GSH to an increase in the number of such thiol groups in the beta-cell membrane, which are believed to be related to stimulation of insulin release and, thus, to increase the sensitivity of the beta-cell to stimulation by glucose and/or leucine.

Animals↗