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Biomedical subjects

E Hofer

Publications and source records attributed to E Hofer.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[An anti-Listeria seroepidemiological study in Uberaba, MG].

From a total of 445 individuals, 17.1% had antibodies against L. monocytogenes detected by the agglutination tube test. They were separated in seven groups: bloods donnors (n = 50), Hospital visitors (n = 40), frigorific workers (n = 28), aviculture workers (n = 87), herdsman (n = 31), agriculture students (n = 60) and street-sweepers (n = 51). L1/2a serotype was predominant. Individuals from urban areas (19.5%) and those who had less contact with animals (21.7%) had significantly positive serology when compared with individuals from rural areas (9.4%) and those who had close contact with animals (13.2%). The overall picture is individuals of more specialized occupations had more frequently (25.9%) anti listeria antibodies similar to the results observed in developed countries where listeriosis is a public health problem in urban areas.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Vibrio cholerae O1 in fecal samples from the urban population of Manacapuru, AM].

The study was carried out to identify asymptomatic carriers of V. cholerae O1 in Manacapuru, AM. 1249 feces samples was obtained by rectal swab and cultivated. Had no growth of V. cholerae. On the other hand were isolated and identified: V. furnissii in 12 (0.9%) samples, V. fluvialis in 4 (0.3%) and V. hollisae in 1 (0.1%).

Brazil↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The emergence of multiple antimicrobial resistance in Vibrio cholerae isolated from gastroenteritis patients in Ceará, Brazil].

Of 7058 Vibrio cholerae strains recovered from patients suspected of cholera in the State of Ceará between December 1991 and September 1993, two were resistant to antimicrobials (Ampicillin, erythromycin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline) and to vibriostatic agent O/129 (2,4-diamino-6,7-diisopropylpteridine). From the bacteriological standpoint, one strain was identified as V. cholerae serogroup O:1, biotype El Tor, serovar Inaba, and another as V. cholerae serogroup O:22, biochemically classified as Heiberg type II. It was shown that only in the serogroup O:1 strain, multiple resistance was encoded by a plasmid transferrable by conjugation to Escherichia coli K12 and a sensitive strains of V. cholerae O1 and non-O1, with at a frequency between 8 x 10(-2) and 5 x 10(-6). The plasmid, with a molecular weight of 147 Kb, encoded both multiple resistance to antimicrobials and the vibriostatic compound (O/129), compatible with descriptions reported in other parts of world.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Identification of Vibrio spp bacteria on skin lesions of fisherman in the county of Raposa-MA].

The study was undertaken aiming at identifying bacteria from the county of Raposa in the state of Maranhão. The clinical sample was collected by using a swab and held in a Cary-Blair transport medium. Enrichment in alkaline peptone water, isolation in TCBS selective indicator medium and biochemical coding of species were used for laboratory processing. Fifty fisherman with age varying from 12-65 years took part on the study. Vibrio bacteria isolated in 21 subjects had been identified. There was a predominance of V. alginolyticus (66.6%) followed by V. parahaemolyticus (42.8%), and V. cholerae non-O1 (9.5%). Lesions predominated on lower limbs, presenting hyperhemia, swelling, secretion, and pain. Some species of gram-negative bacteria of the Serratia, Proteus, Escherichia, Citrobacter, Enterobacter associated to the vibrios were isolated, as well as other non-fermenting bacteria (30.9) and gram-positive bacteria of the genos Staphylococcus.

Brazil↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Antimicrobial biotypes and colicine types: potential epidemiological markers of Salmonella agona].

With the purpose of characterizing epidemiologic markers, 240 strains of S. agona isolated from differents sources (man, food and environment) and obtained from five Brazilian States (Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Pernambuco and Rio Grande do Sul) were analysed. The susceptibility to 15 antimicrobial agents and numeric codification of the resistance profiles allowed us to recognize 56 antibiotic resistance biotypes, while 40 strains were able to produce colicine, belonging to the types: Ia (55%); B (32.5%); Ib (10%) and untypable (2.5%). The application of these elements into intra-serotype differentiation is discussed.

Air Microbiology↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Gram-negative bacteria resistant to antibiotics in foods].

From 154 food samples, including vegetables (lettuce), milk and meals served at school it was possible to isolate and identify 400 Gram negative bacilli distributed among 339 enteric bacteria (Escherichia, Shigella, Citrobacter, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Serratia and Proteus) and other 61 non enteric bacilli (Acinetobacter, Flavobacterium, Aeromonas and Pseudomonas). Submitting this cultures to the drugs sulfadiazine (Su), streptomycin (Sm), tetracycline (Tc), chloramphenicol (Cm), kanamycin (Km), ampicillin (Ap), nalidixic acid (Nal) and gentamycin (Gm) it was observed only six stocks susceptible to all drugs and total sensibility to Gm. Among enteric bacteria the profiles Su (27,6%) and Su-Ap (39,6%) predominated, while for the non enteric bacilli percentages of 18.0 for Ap and 9.8 for Su-Ap were detected. Aiming to better characterization of resistance, experiments of conjugation were made with standard strains of Escherichia coli K 12. Great concern was raised by the recognition of these cultures due to the elevated R+ taxes for the enteric bacilli that were close to 90% (milk and food at school) and about 70% in relation to lettuce.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Microbial resistance of Salmonella agona from various regions of Brazil].

The object of the investigation was the evaluation of the susceptibility to antibiotic and chemotherapeutic agents of 240 strains of Salmonella agona isolated from different sources (human, food and environment) obtained from five Brazilian states (Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Pernambuco and Rio Grande do Sul). The presence of R factors in 26 representative strains of the sample was also determined.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Serotype characterization of Escherichia coli potentially producing enterotoxins in foods].

The incidence of serotypes of Escherichia coli usually described as enterotoxins producer was investigated in 137 samples of food from different origins (animal and vegetal). The serological analysis of the somatic "O", capsular "K" and flagellar "H" antigens in 265 isolates of Escherichia coli resulted in the characterization of 34 strains, distributed in 12 serotypes. These organisms were obtained from 24 samples of food of animal origin. A possible association with epidemiological markers for other test, were analyzed. The fermentation pattern of the 34 strains with melibiose, raffinose, sucrose, salicin, and sorbitol allowed classification into 11 biotypes. However the marked heterogenicity of the biotypes distributed among the serotypes did not allow correlation between the serofermentative types and the origin of the food. The other tests based on hemolysis and hemagglutinating ability did not aid in the differentiation of the phenotypes.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Salmonella serotypes isolated from human enteric processes in Recife, Pernambuco, during 1978-1980].

From 13,196 faecal cultures made in Recife-Pernambuco during the period from 1978 to 1980, 1,720 strains of Salmonella were isolated. Serological typing on 1,387 of the isolates recognized 63 serotypes, 73.18% of which belonged to group B. The prevalent serotypes adding up to 1,231 strains (88.75% of the total of the isolates) were: S. typhimurium, S. saint-paul, S. poona, S. derby, S. agona, S. newport, S. oranienburg, S. infantis, S. tshiongwe and S. ndolo.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Fecal coliforms in sewage. II. Transfer of markers and the presence of plasmids].

The transference of the genetic markers and the presence of DNA plasmidial in 240 cultures of Escherichia coli was investigated. The strains were originated from Waste Treatment Plant (inffluent and effluents) located in Ilha do Governador, Rio de Janeiro. By conjugation analysis, E. coli K 12 allowed the isolation of the transconjugants resistant to antibiotics Su, Sm, Tc, Cm, Ap; heavy metals (Cu, Hg and Zn) and colicinogenic factors (Ia, Ib and V) mainly in coliforms isolated Cm and Ap from the terminals of the treatment plant. The percentual distribution of the plasmids was prevalent in the cultures of E. coli originated from material collected in the effluents and reached a rate higher than 65%.

Brazil↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Enteropathogens detected in healthy children in 3 low income communities, in Recife, State of Pernambuco, Brazil].

Stools of 646 healthy children between zero and five years of age who live in 3 communities of slightly different economic levels and sanitary conditions were investigated for enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC), enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC), Shigella and Salmonella. Cultures were positive for enterophatogens in 82 (12.69%) of the children. EPEC was the most frequent isolate (6.04%) followed by Shigella (4.18%) and Salmonella (2.17%). Invasive E. coli (EIEC) was detected only twice. According to our results, the frequency of isolation of enterophatogenic bacteria decreases where the economic level and sanitary conditions improve. The percentage of 12.69% positive cultures among normal children shows that the healthy carrier plays an important role in the dissemination and maintenance of the agents of the enteric diseases.

Brazil↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Colicinogeny in Salmonella serovars isolated in Brazil.

A study of colicinogeny was made in 748 strains of Salmonella (97 serovars) isolated from different sources: human (291), animal (119), environmental (141), food (102) and animal feed (95). Colicin production was detected in 64 strains (8.6%), particularly isolated from foods (30.4%). Col E1 (53) and Ia (44) were the most frequently observed, especially in S. agona for environment and food sources. Col V production was identified in 5 strains of S. typhimurium within 8 producer cultures isolated from humans. Its relationship with the sources and serovars of Salmonella are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Circulation flow of enteropathogenic bacteria in institutionalized children. I. An epidemiologic study.

The circulation flow and maintenance of enteropathogenic bacteria were studied from May 1982 to April 1983 in a population of institutionalized children and adult staff contacts in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Subjects were assigned to three groups: A and B, included, respectively, 105 and 46 children with diarrhea who were admitted in the institution in different periods, and group C with 82 adult contacts. Faecal cultures were positive in 35.2%, 39.1% and 19.7% of subjects of groups A, B, and C, respectively. It suggests that the transmission was probably fostered by the environment because of as high as 30% of faecal contamination was found in environmental samples. Higher rate of isolation and elevated antibodies levels pointed out that Escherichia coli (EPEC) was the prevalent agent. Shigella predominated in the serological tests. These findings suggest that the institution itself may play an important role in the epidemiology and transmission of enteric infections in the community.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Frequency of pathogenic enterobacteria in infantile diarrheic processes in the city of Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil].

326 samples of diarrheal feces obtained from children whose ages ranged from zero to 5 years, admitted in two rehydration hospitals in the city of Recife, Pernambuco, were analyzed. Feces were placed in Cary-Blair medium (4 degrees C) for shipment to the laboratory. There was no difference in the rate of bacteria isolation if the samples were analyzed within the period from 3 to 7 days of collection. 19.02% of the analyzed samples were positives for at least one of the searched bacteria, 26 Salmonella belonging to 3 species, 21 classic enteropathogenic E. coli, 1 invasive E. coli, 10 Shigella belonging to 3 serotypes and 1 Yersinia enterocolitica were found.

Brazil↗