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Biomedical subjects

E Heyderman

Publications and source records attributed to E Heyderman.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Optimization and batch production of DTPA-labelled antibody kits for routine use in 111In immunoscintigraphy.

A procedure for conjugating antibodies in batches with DTPA is described which yields pharmaceutical grade preparations that can be kept in frozen storage until required. Routine radiolabelling is then simply performed by adding 111In chloride to the sterile 'kit' vial. After 1h, a DTPA solution is added to make the preparation ready for use in patients. The effects of pH, DTPA to antibody ratio, and time of reaction were investigated to optimize the preparation. By this method the antibody-DTPA conjugates may be prepared and the quality control performed at regional nuclear medicine centres where facilities and expertise already exist. These 'kits' can then be distributed to other departments where the 111In is added as and when required in a similar way to the preparation of other radiopharmaceuticals.

Chemistry, Pharmaceutical↗
PubMed1986

An improved iodogen method of labelling antibodies with 123I.

A reliable method for radioiodinating antibodies is described. The reaction is initiated by the addition of a fine suspension in buffer of iodogen particles formed in a novel way. The addition of an acetone solution of Iodogen to phosphate-buffered saline yields a uniform suspension of 3.0 micron diameter particles. This preparation has been used to label polyclonal anti-prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) antibodies with up to 185 MBq of iodine-123 mg-1. Labelling efficiencies of 92% are achieved in a reaction time of less than 5 min. Such labelled antibodies are expected to be of use in the immunoscintigraphy of patients with prostatic cancer. The reaction parameters have been optimized and the method is particularly suitable for routine use.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1986

Epithelial markers in thyroid carcinoma: an immunoperoxidase study.

Ten cases each of papillary, follicular, anaplastic and medullary carcinoma of the thyroid were stained for thyroglobulin, calcitonin, epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and cytokeratin (CAM 5.2). Monoclonal or affinity purified polyclonal antibodies, and an indirect immunoperoxidase technique were used. All the papillary and follicular tumours, 5/10 anaplastic and 3/10 medullary carcinomas contained thyroglobulin. Only the 10 medullary carcinomas stained positively for calcitonin. Three out of 10 papillary, 1/10 follicular, 0/10 anaplastic and 10/10 medullary carcinomas were positive for CEA. Nine out of ten papillary, 7/10 follicular, 2/10 anaplastic and 3/10 medullary carcinomas were positive for EMA. Ten out of 10 papillary, 10/10 follicular, 5/10 anaplastic and 10/10 medullary carcinomas were positive for cytokeratin. The presence of calcitonin and CEA is of value in the diagnosis of medullary carcinoma, and enable its distinction from anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. Thyroglobulin is a useful marker in thyroid carcinomas.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

Human chorionic gonadotropin and human placental lactogen in extragonadal tumors. An immunoperoxidase study of ten non-germ cell neoplasms.

The immunoperoxidase localization of the alpha and beta subunits of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and of human placental lactogen (hPL) was studied in ten extragonadal nontrophoblastic tumors associated with raised serum levels of one or more of these placental proteins. Three of the tumors were bronchial carcinomas, one was a gastric carcinoma, two were malignant carcinoids (one bronchial and one gastric), two were pancreatic islet cell carcinomas, and two were metastatic carcinomas with an unknown primary site. The maximum alpha subunit serum level was 33,000 ng/ml (gastric carcinoid), the maximum hCG/hCG-beta level was 705,000 ng/ml, and the maximum hPL level was 50 ng/ml (both in the gastric carcinoma). An indirect immunoperoxidase technique and rabbit polyclonal affinity-purified antibodies and peroxidase conjugates were used on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections. Five blocks (eight cases) or six blocks (two cases) from various sites were obtained from each patient at surgery and/or autopsy. Positive stains for hCG/hCG-beta were seen in six of seven tumors (25/37 blocks) with raised levels, for the alpha subunit in nine of nine tumors (30/47 blocks), and for hPL in two of five tumors (4/26 blocks). Only a relatively minor number of the cells were positive, and within the same case, there was considerable site-to-site variation in the number of positive cells. Large bizarre cells contained hCG/hCG-beta as well as the alpha subunit, if it was demonstrated in the same tumor as the beta subunit. Otherwise, the alpha subunit was found in small unremarkable cells. Giant cells that were smaller than those positive for hCG/hCG-beta contained in hPL. In some serial sections, hCG-alpha, hCG/hCG-beta, and hPL were segregated in different cell populations, supporting the concepts of their separate genetic control.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

Torre-Muir syndrome. An association with isolated sebaceous carcinoma.

Three cases of Torre-Muir syndrome are described in which isolated sebaceous carcinomas were associated with internal malignancy. The first was a 66-year-old woman who had a sebaceous carcinoma in association with carcinoma of the uterus, two adenocarcinomas of colon, carcinoma of renal pelvis and bladder, and a squamous cell carcinoma of the skin. The second was a 78-year-old woman who had a sebaceous carcinoma associated with carcinomas of the colon, ovary, and pancreas. The third patient had a sebaceous carcinoma associated with breast cancer. The subject is discussed and the previously reported cases reviewed.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1985

Production of monoclonal antibodies against human epithelial membrane antigen for use in diagnostic immunocytochemistry.

Two monoclonal murine antibodies have been raised against a delipidated extract of human cream. These antibodies were detected by immunohistological screening of hybridoma culture supernatants on sections of human breast tissue. One of those antibodies (E29) was subsequently screened against a range of normal and neoplastic human tissues and shown to react with a wide variety of human epithelia and with mesothelial cells. Antibody E29 was unreactive with other cell types, with the exception of occasional plasma cells. Antibody E29 is suitable for use on paraffin embedded tissue and represents a valuable reagent for the identification of tumours of epithelial origin.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

A new monoclonal antibody to epithelial membrane antigen (EMA)-E29. A comparison of its immunocytochemical reactivity with polyclonal anti-EMA antibodies and with another monoclonal antibody, HMFG-2.

Two polyclonal rabbit antibodies to epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), two mouse monoclonal antibodies (E29 and HMFG-2), and a "cocktail" of these two monoclonals have been compared using an indirect immunoperoxidase technique. Sections from 25 tissues (17 malignant and 8 benign), were examined. The distribution of staining with each of these reagents was similar, but the polyclonal antibodies produced stronger staining in colorectal carcinomas and lactating breast, whereas staining with the monoclonal antibodies was stronger in non-neoplastic pleural mesothelium and in pulmonary alveolar cells. When the two monoclonals were mixed there was no increase in staining intensity. E29 gave a "cleaner" result than HMFG-2, with better discrimination between cells and stroma, and is highly suitable for routine diagnostic histopathology.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1985

The generation of monoclonal antibodies against human pancreatic exocrine cancer: a study of six different immunisation regimes.

Six different immunisation regimes have been used to generate spleen cells with reactivity against human pancreatic exocrine cancer. Immunised spleen cells were fused with an NSO/1 myeloma line and supernatants from these hybridomas selectively screened for monoclonal antibodies which bound predominantly to a pancreatic cancer cell line (GER). The spleen cells from hairy litter mates immunised with pancreatic cancer xenograft homogenates and viable GER cells generated 13% of hybridoma supernatants which showed some selectivity for GER pancreatic cancer cells in a fixed cell ELISA assay. The other methods produced only 4% of hybrids with selectivity for GER cells. The antigen distribution on gluteraldehyde fixed cells was similar to that found for viable cell monolayers but many antigens were unstable on formalin fixation. Immunohistochemical staining of GER cells grown on glass slides showed a heterogeneity of antigen distribution with up to 70% of the cells exhibiting a vesicular pattern of staining. Fifty percent of the antibodies which bound to GER cells were also reactive against antigens in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections of the original GER tumour. Monoclonal antibody DD9E7 identified an antigen expressed on 12/14 pancreatic adenocarcinomas. The antibody showed strong staining of malignant luminal membranes and cytoplasm. The antigen was also present in normal salivary and sweat glands, and colon and breast carcinomas, but its tissue distribution was unlike that of CEA or EMA. The expression of this antigen in 12/14 of pancreatic carcinomas suggests that DD9E7 may be a useful reagent for pancreatic tumour detection.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

Intercellular canaliculi in eccrine sweat glands: an immunoperoxidase study.

Using an indirect immunoperoxidase technique, both epithelial membrane antigen and carcinoembryonic antigen were identified within the ducts and secretory coils of the eccrine sweat gland. Antibodies to epithelial membrane antigen stained the intercellular canaliculi of the secretory coils, as did those antisera to CEA which showed activity against normal cross-reacting antigen (CEX, NCA). Those without such activity showed minimal or no staining of intercellular canaliculi. There is a difference in antigenic expression between the acinar cells and their intercellular canaliculi, and the cells of eccrine ducts.

Carcinoembryonic Antigen↗
PubMed1984

The differential diagnosis of routinely processed anaplastic tumors using monoclonal antibodies.

The value of immunohistological labeling with a panel of monoclonal antibodies in the diagnosis of routinely processed surgical biopsies has been assessed. The cases examined consisted of an unselected series of tumor biopsies referred during a 12-month period because of doubt as to the nature of the neoplasm and are representative of the type of diagnostic problem regularly encountered in routine surgical pathology. In 30 of the 38 cases studied, reactivity with monoclonal antileukocyte antibody (and nonreactivity with monoclonal antiepithelial antibodies) indicated that the tumor was a lymphoma. Seven of the remaining eight cases gave the reverse reaction pattern and therefore were classified as carcinomas, while one biopsy was unreactive with all antibodies. Review of the clinical details in each case showed that the clinical management in several instances was influenced by establishing the correct diagnosis and it therefore is suggested that immunohistologic examination should be used more widely in the study of tumors that give rise to diagnostic difficulty.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Epithelial markers in primary skin cancer: an immunoperoxidase study of the distribution of epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in 65 primary skin carcinomas.

Sixty-five primary malignant skin tumours have been stained for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) using rabbit polyclonal affinity-purified antibodies and an indirect immunoperoxidase technique. The tumours consisted of 15 invasive squamous carcinomas, 23 basal cell carcinomas, 16 malignant eccrine poromas (porocarcinomas), and 11 sebaceous carcinomas. The basal cell carcinomas were negative for CEA and EMA except where there was keratotic or sebaceous differentiation. All the sebaceous and squamous carcinomas and 15/16 porocarcinomas contained EMA. 12/15 squamous carcinomas were positive for CEA. The malignant poromas were negative for CEA except on the ulcerated surface of two. In tumours classified as sebaceous carcinomas there was positive staining for CEA in some cells, cyst contents and/or keratotic foci. These findings have implications for the use of immunoperoxidase localization of epithelial markers in the differential diagnosis of primary and metastatic skin cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Epithelial markers in prostatic, bladder, and colorectal cancer: an immunoperoxidase study of epithelial membrane antigen, carcinoembryonic antigen, and prostatic acid phosphatase.

Twenty prostatic adenocarcinomas, 20 transitional cell carcinomas of the bladder, and 20 colorectal adenocarcinomas were stained for epithelial membrane antigen, carcinoembryonic antigen, and prostatic acid phosphatase. Polyclonal affinity purified first and second antibodies and an indirect immunoperoxidase technique were used. All of the colorectal and bladder tumours and 16/20 prostatic tumours were positive for epithelial membrane antigen. All 20 colorectal, 7/20 bladder, and 5/20 prostatic tumours stained for carcinoembryonic antigen. All of the prostatic adenocarcinomas and none of the colorectal or bladder tumours were positive for prostatic acid phosphatase. These markers may be used to discriminate between tumours arising from these sites.

Acid Phosphatase↗