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Biomedical subjects

E Hernandez

Publications and source records attributed to E Hernandez.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Characterization of mutant human fibroblast cultures transformed with simian virus 40.

Fibroblast cell strains derived from a normal individual and from eight patients with various genetic mutations were transformed by a small-plaque variant of simian virus 40 (SV40, strain 776), cloned and studied after long-term in vitro maintenance. Seven of the cultures continued to express the mutant phenotype. Cultures derived from a patient with phosphoglycerate kinase I deficiency exhibited reappearance of normal enzyme activity after transformation. Compared to untransformed controls, all transformed cultures displayed decreased population doubling times, an increase in the relative number of cycling cells and increased saturation density on solid substrates, and did not show evidence of cellular senescence after long-term cultivation. Unlike previous studies on wild-type SV40-transformed human fibroblasts, the majority of cultures transformed by the small-plaque variant of SV40 did not exhibit signs of crisis. The cells also exhibited a decreased dependence on serum and were able to grow in semi-solid medium. The different transformed cultures expressed variable levels of SV40 large T-antigen, synthesized some infectious SV40 virus, and contained both unique arrangements and quantities of covalently integrated and episomal SV40 DNA. No correlation was observed between the rate of growth and synthesis of infectious virus in the different transformed clones. These studies indicate that this small-plaque variant of SV40 can be used effectively to generate long-lived human cultures, which generally retain their mutant phenotype. Transformation with this SV40 variant permits the generation of large quantities of clonal cell cultures for the biochemical and molecular analysis of their genetic defects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Microbiological and physico-chemical aspects in dry-salted Spanish ham.

The main microbiological and physico-chemical parameters in dry-salted ham previously selected were determined during the elaboration process. All determinations were performed at 2 levels: surface and internal. The selected microbiological parameters were: total aerobes, halotolerant, lactic acid bacteria, yeasts and hazardous microorganisms. NaCl, nitrate, nitrite, water activity, moisture, pH, temperature and loss of weight were selected for the physico-chemical study. All microbial groups showed a similar behaviour, increasing along the first stages up to the third month of drying, then decreasing to numbers similar to the initial ones. Only the halotolerants maintained fairly high numbers during the last stages. Some groups were almost absent at internal levels. The hazardous bacteria showed different behaviour: whereas the faecal streptococci were fairly abundant during the whole study, coliforms almost disappeared at the final stages.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Abnormal Papanicolaou smears after earlier smears with atypical squamous cells.

From November 1984 to January 1986, 138 women were seen in our cervical clinic with atypical squamous cells in a referring cervical Papanicolaou smear. We obtained a second smear and performed a careful pelvic examination, microscopic examination of the vaginal secretions and endocervical culture for the gonococcus. The time interval between the smear showing atypical squamous cells and the one performed in our clinic ranged from 1 to 12 months. The Papanicolaou smear from 59 (50%) of the 117 women who had it repeated within four months returned abnormal as compared to 5 (24%) of the 21 repeated after four months (P = .04). Of 41 women with persistent atypical squamous cells, 10 (24%) had a clinically detectable vaginal infection, while only 3 (4%) of the 74 women with a normal repeat smear had an infection (P less than .01). These findings suggest an association between cervical cytology showing atypical squamous cells and vaginal infections. Nevertheless, this cytologic diagnosis should not be dismissed lightly since a high percentage of women with atypical squamous cells on cytology are found to have dysplasia on colposcopically directed biopsies. The most appropriate method of evaluating these patients has yet to be determined. If the clinician elects to follow these patients with serial Papanicolaou smears, the ideal interval between smears needs to be defined. Our data suggest that an interval of four to six months would be the most efficient.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

The pelvic mass. Patients' ages and pathologic findings.

The pathologic findings on 100 women undergoing laparotomy for a pelvic mass between August 1983 and September 1986 were analyzed. The most frequent diagnoses by age group were: cancer in 56% of women greater than or equal to 50 years of age, endometriosis in 27% of women 31-49 years of age and benign cystic teratoma in 33% of women less than or equal to 30 years of age. A malignancy was present in 17 women; five (29%) of the tumors had low malignant potential. Pelvic masses proved to be malignant in 9 (56%) of 16 women greater than 50 years old as compared to 4 (10%) of 39 women less than 30 years old (P less than .01). Of the four malignant tumors in women less than or equal to 30 years of age, three (75%) had low malignant potential as compared to one of nine (11%) in women greater than or equal to 50 years of age (P = .05). This series gives the clinician some numbers on which to base diagnostic probability as it relates to age when evaluating the woman with a pelvic mass.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Total lymphoid irradiation in multiple sclerosis: blood lymphocytes and clinical course.

We have found a significant relationship between blood lymphocyte count and prognosis in 45 patients receiving either total lymphoid irradiation or sham irradiation for chronic progressive multiple sclerosis. Patients with sustained lymphocyte counts less than 900 mm-3 for prolonged periods after treatment showed less rapid progression over the ensuing 3 years than did patients with multiple sclerosis who had lymphocyte counts above this level (p less than 0.01). Our results suggest that a simple laboratory test, the absolute blood lymphocyte count, may serve as a valuable barometer for monitoring the amount of immunosuppressive therapy needed to prevent progression in patients with multiple sclerosis, and possibly other autoimmune diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Prophylactic topical cefamandole in radical hysterectomy.

From July 1, 1978 to June 30, 1984, 45 radical abdominal hysterectomies were performed by the authors at Tripler Army Medical Center. Management was uniform except for the use of prophylactic antibiotics. Three patterns of practice were identified: Group I, no antibiotics were used; Group II, intravenous (i.v.) antibiotics were given in the induction room and for less than 48 h post-surgery; Group III, prophylactic i.v. antibiotics were given and the surgical site was also irrigated with a cefamandole and saline solution. The three groups were found to be similar with regard to age, parity, weight-height index, pre- and postoperative hematocrit, pre-operative white blood cell count, operative and anesthesia times, estimated blood loss, and amount of blood transfused. Groups I and II had a higher surgical site infection rate (87.5% and 63.6%, respectively) than Group III (3.8%). The mean 10-day fever index in degree hours was 109 for Group I, 71 for Group II, and 30 for Group III (P less than 0.001). Irrigation of the surgical site with a cefamandole and saline solution in addition to i.v. antibiotics decreases the infectious morbidity of radical hysterectomy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

Accommodation of an endocapsular silicone lens (Phaco-Ersatz) in the nonhuman primate.

In owl monkeys, as a model of endocapsular cataract extraction, the lens material was removed through a small hole in the capsule and was replaced with a silicone polymeric gel. The ability of this endocapsular implant (Phaco-Ersatz) to accommodate was documented when pilocarpine produced an increase in the curvature of the lens surface and a decrease in the anterior chamber depth, just as occurs with the untouched natural lens. Refinements of the surgical technique are required to achieve a controlled degree of filling of the capsular bag and inhibit postoperative epithelial proliferation on the inner capsular surface.

Accommodation, Ocular↗
PubMed1987

Partial hydatidiform moles: a review.

The current study was undertaken in an effort to identify the clinical characteristics and natural history of partial moles. Three cases recently managed at Tripler Army Medical Center and 52 cases collected from the medical literature were reviewed. The mean age of the women at diagnosis was 25.6 years. The mean gestational age at diagnosis was 23.8 weeks. The most common presenting symptom was vaginal bleeding in 69 per cent of women. Although triploidy was the most frequent karyotype (68 per cent), normal 46,XY or XX karyotypes were present, and phenotypically normal infants were delivered of mothers with a coexisting molar pregnancy. Malignant trophoblastic disease occurred in 14.5 per cent of the women. All of them achieved remission with adjuvant therapy. Partial moles are considered a less virulent form of molar pregnancy. The clinical characteristics and natural history are not entirely dissimilar from the complete mole. Malignant sequelae can occur after the evacuation of a partial mole. These women should be followed with serial serum beta-HCG.

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗
PubMed1987

Retinal manifestations of Mediterranean spotted fever.

The authors studied the incidence, type and systemic relationship of the retinal findings observed by ophthalmoscopy in Mediterranean spotted fever (MSF) in a consecutive series of 34 cases. It is found that retinal vasculitis either arterial and/or, more frequently, venous is present in 55.9% of the cases. Branch vein retinal thrombosis appeared as complication of such small vessel vasculitis in 1 case. Although frequent, the retinal findings were asymptomatic in all cases but the retinal vein thrombosis one, and were not significatively related to or were predicted by other systemic parameters of severity of the disease. Because of its frequency, retinal vasculitis might be considered as an important clinical sign of MSF in endemic areas.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Atypical squamous cells in Papanicolaou smears.

Between 1980 and 1984, 406 patients were referred to Tripler Army Medical Center's cervical clinic for the evaluation of atypical squamous cells in a Papanicolaou smear. Their evaluation included repeating the smear, colposcopy in all cases, colposcopically directed biopsies, and/or endocervical curettage in 70%. The results of the repeat Papanicolaou smear in 400 patients were 274 (68.5%) negative, 77 (19%) atypical squamous cells, 40 (10%) cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 1, seven (2%) CIN 2, and two (0.5%) CIN 3. No invasive cancer was detected. Dysplasia was documented histopathologically in 18.7%, but a repeat smear was reported as negative in 10.9% of patients with biopsy-proven dysplasia. A Papanicolaou smear report of atypical squamous cells should not be considered normal, and further evaluation of the patient is required. If colposcopy is impractical, serial follow-up smears are recommended.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1987

Endometrial and endocervical curettage findings at the time of cervical conization.

The medical records and histopathology of 250 patients who underwent cervical conization between January 1979 and December 1982 were reviewed. Two hundred thirty (92%) had endometrial curettage at the time of cervical conization. Abnormal findings were present in 7 (3%) of the 230 curettings. Limiting the performance of endometrial curettage at the time of conization to patients meeting specific criteria would have reduced the number of combined procedures by 75% without jeopardizing our ability to detect significant pathology. Endocervical curettage was performed on 221 (88%) of the 250 patients undergoing conization. The endocervical curettings were not a good predictor of the involvement of the cone margins with neoplasia. Only 7 (20%) of 35 patients with involved endocervical margins had a positive endocervical curettage. While the cone margins predicted residual carcinoma in the hysterectomy specimen with a sensitivity of 1.0, the sensitivity of the endocervical curettings for predicting residual carcinoma was 0.5. Although endocervical curettings can detect an invasive cancer not detected in the cone specimen, a negative endocervical curettage does not rule out invasive cancer above the excision line.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Comparison of pediculicidal and ovicidal effects of two pyrethrin-piperonyl-butoxide agents.

A pyrethrin-piperonyl-butoxide shampoo was compared with a similarly formulated lotion for their pediculicidal and ovicidal effects against head lice. Forty children with active Pediculus humanus capitis infestation were randomly assigned to one of two groups for a single treatment with either the shampoo or the lotion. An average of ten nits were taken from each patient both before and after treatment. These eggs were incubated for 14 days, the resulting lice counted, and their conditions noted. Lice recovered from the rinse water after treatment were also counted and observed. Although both products proved to be effective in killing lice, the shampoo had greater ovicidal efficacy, 50% versus 25% for the lotion, after adjustment for natural mortality of the ova.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1986

Effect of total lymphoid irradiation in chronic progressive multiple sclerosis.

Total lymphoid irradiation (TLI; 1980 cGy) or sham irradiation was given to 40 patients with chronic progressive multiple sclerosis (MS) in a prospective, randomised, double-blind study. During mean follow-up of 21 months, MS patients treated with TLI had less functional decline than sham-irradiated MS patients (p less than 0.01). A significant relation was noted between absolute blood lymphocyte counts in the first year after TLI and subsequent course, patients with higher lymphocyte counts generally having a worse prognosis (p less than 0.01). TLI was well tolerated and associated with only mild short-term, and to date, long-term side-effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Cervical carcinosarcoma: a case report.

Cervical sarcomas and carcinosarcomas are exceedingly rare. The clinicopathologic characteristics, management and outcome of a patient with cervical carcinosarcoma is presented.

Carcinosarcoma↗
PubMed1986

Neoplasia arising in dysgenetic gonads.

We analyzed the clinicopathologic characteristics of 140 cases of neoplasia arising in dysgenetic gonads. These 140 cases were found on a review of the medical literature published between 1953 and 1983. The age of the patients at the time of diagnosis was recorded in 133 patients and ranged from 6 months to 45 years. The mean age at diagnosis was 18 years 8 months. Thirteen (9.8 per cent) patients were below the age of 10 at the time of diagnosis. A menstrual history was recorded in 109 cases. Amenorrhea was present in 103 (94.5 per cent). A Y chromosome or Y-chromosome fragment was present in 90.7 per cent of the 119 patients who had karyotype analysis. Bilateral tumors were found in 54 instances (38.6 per cent). Thus, a total of 194 neoplasms were found. Of these 103 (53.1 per cent) were gonadoblastomas, 38 (19.6 per cent) dysgerminomas, 34 (17.5 per cent), gonadoblastoma with areas of dysgerminoma, and 19 (9.8 per cent) were of other histologic types. Patients with dysgenetic gonads and Y chromosome material are at risk for development of ovarian neoplasm. A dysgerminoma of dysgerminomatous component was present in 37 per cent of the reviewed tumors. These neoplasms have been discovered as early as 6 months of age and 9.8 per cent of the cases occurred in patients below the age of 10. Early exploration and bilateral gonadectomy should be performed in patients with gonadal dysgenesis and Y-chromosome material in their karyotype.

Adolescent↗