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Biomedical subjects

E Heidbreder

Publications and source records attributed to E Heidbreder.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

[Vigilance of patients with chronic renal insufficiency (author's transl)].

Psychological achievement tests were applied to 56 patients with chronic renal insufficiency for measuring the vigilance. The comparison of test parameters showed a significant impairment with progression of renal insufficiency, an improvement under chronic dialysis treatment depending on complications by medical problems and normal values after successfull transplantation. The vigilance was not influenced by dialysis per se. We conclude that the behaviour of reaction speed, attention performances, and mental concentration reflect the autointoxication of central nervous system in chronic renal insufficiency.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Uremic pancreopathy. Clinical and experimental studies of its pathogenesis].

Uremia results in complex metabolic disturbances of exocrine pancreatic function which increase with the severity of renal insufficiency. This uremic pancreopathy is not identical with the pancreatitis of classical type. Its important clinical indicator is an elevation of serum lipase activity (more than 60% in nondialyzed renal insufficiency; hyperlipasemia was also detectable in chronic hemodialyzed patients (45%). The pathogenesis is heterogenous, its concept based on clinical and experimental studies involves several components: hormonal alterations (calcitonin etc.), catabolic protein metabolism in uremia, systemic disturbances (hemodynamics, hypoxia, acidosis etc.), direct impairment of the pancreatic cells induced by uremic toxins.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Beta-adrenergic blockade in stress protection. Limited effect of metoprolol in psychological stress reaction.

In a model system the influence of mental stress on blood pressure and heart rate was studied in normal persons and in patients with hypertension (WHO grade III). Metoprolol was employed to investigate the preventive effect of beta-adrenergic blockade on the response to stress. In all groups blood pressure increased significantly during mental stress. The effect was not inhibited by metoprolol. The rise in heart rate, however, was depressed by beta-blockade. Reaction time, opticomotor coordination and concentration ability were studied as parameters of vigilance, but no significant difference between the metoprolol and control groups were observed. Thus, metoprolol only influenced the heart rate in mental stress and it did not affect vigilance.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Diagnosis and therapy of pyelonephritis and glomerulonephritis].

In a comprehensive survey the diagnostic and therapeutic problems of pyelonephritis and glomerulonephritis are discussed. The importance of thorough nephrological diagnostics is pointed out. The first section of the paper describes the diagnostic procedures such as x-ray and laboratory work (tubular proteinuria, antibody-coated bacteria) and the chemotherapy in pyelonephritis. The second part deals with glomerulonephritis, the aspects of histological classification, etiology, pathogenesis, diagnostic principles, prognosis, and results of therapy with penicillin G (acute form), corticosteroids, azathioprine, indomethacin, and cyclophosphamide.

Glomerulonephritis↗
PubMed1978

[The effect of mainly alpha-adrenergic drugs, indirect sympathomimetrics and dopamine on exocrine pancreatic function. Studies in the isolated cat pancreas (author's transl)].

The influence of mainly alpha-adrenergic drugs (noradrenaline, adrenaline, phenylephrine), indirect sympathomimetics (ephedrine, tyramin) and dopamine on the exocrine pancreatic function of the isolated perfused organ of cats was studied. The injection of noradrenaline and adrenaline induced simultaneously a rapid depression of flow rate and an increase of perfusion pressure. Phenylephrine, indirect sympathomimetic drugs and dopamine did not change the perfusion pressure and the hydrelatic function (flow rate, secretion of chloride and total calcium). The protein and enzyme secretion was enhanced both in normal animals and cats pretreated by reserpine or 6-hydroxydopamine. The pancreatic protein secretion was inhibited by alpha-adrenolytic as well as beta-adrenolytic substances, tetracain and atropine. It is concluded, that mainly alpha-adrenergic drugs stimulate the pancreatic enzyme secretion in a cholinergic manner.

Adrenergic alpha-Agonists↗
PubMed1978

Evaluation of essential amino acids and keto acids in uremic patients on low-protein diet.

The effectiveness of a mixture of five analogues of essential amino acids and the remaining four essential amino acids as compared to a preceeding treatment period of the nine essential amino acids was evaluated in 16 chronic uremic patients fed a low-protein diet. During amino acid analogues supplementation, there was a tendency for blood urea nitrogen to fall whereas creatinine did not change. Serum phosphate decreased in most patients, whereas serum calcium rose in some subjects. Protein metabolism, as judged by serum transferrin, Clq, C3c, total complement activity, was improved. Furthermore, the concentrations of prealbumin and retinol-binding protein, which are elevated in uremia, showed a further increase that might favor a vitamin A intoxication.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[The effect of sympathomimetric drugs on exocrine pancreatic function. Studies in the isolated cat pancreas (author's transl)].

This study reports on effects of beta-sympathomimetic drugs on the exocrine function of the isolated cat pancreas. The injection of these drugs resulted in an increase of pancreatic protein and enzyme secretion, the excretion of calcium into the juice and the rate of volume output were not changed. The enzyme secretion was inhibited by different adrenolytic drugs (phenoxybenzamine, practolol, butoxamine), by tetracain, hemicholinium, and atropine. The pancreatic function of cats pretreated by reserpine or 6-hydroxydopamine was not altered. It is concluded, that beta-sympathomimetic drugs influence the pancreatic protein and enzyme secretion in a cholinergic way. These results are consistent with those of other investigators showing a suppressibility of the isoproterenol-induced pancreatic amylase secretion by atropine.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1976

[Plasma hydroxyproline in chronic renal failure (author's transl)].

The plasma concentration of hydroxyproline fractions were determined in 50 adult patients with renal insufficiency and 19 patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis treatment. Free and peptide bound hydroxyproline fractions (total hydroxyproline) were elevated, the protein bound hydroxyproline (hypro-protein) was only slightly increased without significant correlation to the degree of renal insufficiency. The total hydroxyproline correlated only with the level of the alkaline phosphatase. The validity of the single fractions of hydroxyproline in plasma as parameter of the renal osteodystrophy is discussed.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1976

[Collagen metabolism and mineralization of uremic bone--aspects of the molecular pathology of renal osteodystrophy].

Importance sequelae of uremia are hormonal changes in calcium homeostasis combined with chronic calcium imbalance causing structural alteration and functional insufficiency of bone. Morphological findings of the so called renal osteodystrophy are osteomalacia, osteitis fibrosa and osteoporosis. Osteitis fibrosa and abnormal skeletal metabolism (changes of collagen turnover, insufficient maturation of stable bone crystals) impair the mechanical qualities of bone. Probably the uremia per se influences the collagen metabolism; additional factors such as secondary hyperparathyroidism and deficiency of vitamin D3 are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

[Exocrine pancreatic function and calcium balance. Experimental studies of the effect of parathyroid hormone, vitamin D3, 25-hydroxycholecalciferol, dihydrotachysterin and thyrocalcitonin (author's transl)].

The effect of the acute elevation of extracellular calcium concentration, of vitamin D3, 25-hydroxycholecalciferol, dihydrotachysterin, parathyroid hormone and of thyrocalcitonin on the exocrine function of the perfused cat pancreas was studied. Elevation of the perfusate calcium concentration resulted in an initial increase in the enzyme and, occasionally, calcium concentration of the pancreatic juice, the flow rate and the secretion of magnesium and chloride were not very much altered. The application of vitamin D3 and 25-hydroxycholecalciferol elevated the stimulated (by acetylcholine or cholecystokinin-pancreocymin) protein and enzyme output (lipase, alpha-amylase). Parathyroid hormone and, especially, thyreocalcitonin inhibited the stimulated protein and enzyme secretion, volume and rate of the electrolyte secretion were not changed. In states of calcium excess the stimulated protein output was decreased by both vitamin D3 and parathyroid hormone.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1975

[Exocrine function of pancreas in chronic hypocalcemia. Studies in parathyroidectomized rats (author's transl)].

The influence of chronic hypocalcemia, induced by parathyroidectomy on exocrine function of pancreas was studied in rats. The concentration of total calcium in pancreatic juice was decreased in the PTX-animals, in respect to the flow rate, however no decrease in output was seen. After an initial increase of the secretion of alpha-amylase no differences to normal rats could be observed. The flow rate of PTX-rats was significantly higher than that of normal rats. These results suggest that the exocrine pancreatic function of rats is not changed very much in vivo by chronic hypocalcemia.

Amylases↗