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Biomedical subjects

E Hanisch

Publications and source records attributed to E Hanisch.

78 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Superselective vagotomy sparing blood vessels in the rat. A useful tool in stress ulcer prevention.

In male Sprague-Dawley rats a microsurgical technique for highly selective vagotomy (HSV; syn. proximal gastric vagotomy) and for superselective vagotomy (SSV; cutting of proximal vagal fibers but sparing the blood vessels) has been developed. Basal acid secretion in both preparations was appr. 60% lower than in sham-operated controls. Acid response to 2-Deoxy-D-glucose (35 mg/kg/h over 4 h) was negative in HSV and SSV rats, whereas in sham rats acid output rose significantly. HSV, during mild stress (= control conditions), renders rats more susceptible to gastric stress ulcerations, whereas SSV with intact mucosal blood flow protects gastric mucosa almost completely. Although SSV, during severe restraint stress, cannot prevent the stress-induced breakdown of mucosal blood flow, gastric ulcerations are reduced to 40% of HSV and sham-operated control rats. SSV appears an elegant tool in stress ulcer research.

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PubMed1979

[Superselective vagotomy in rats. Functional criteria in rest and during stress].

A microsurgical technique allows the isolated severence of proximal vagal fibers at the minor curvature of the rat stomach (superselective vagotomy). In contrast to the conventional highly selective vagotomy, which favors formation of stress ulcers, this new procedure appears able to prevent gastric mucosa from developing stress ulcers.

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PubMedDate not supplied

Basal gastric secretion, mucosal blood flow and associated fasting blood hormones in the rat. Effects of various forms of sympathectomy.

After various types of sympathectomy (surgical, chemical, isolated adrenodemedullation; AMX, combined procedures) in the rat, basal gastric secretion, gastric mucosal blood flow (MBF), associated glucose and a variety of hormones in the blood were measured. With the exception of the ineffective surgical sympathectomy, all the other forms variously influence gastric secretion qualitatively (volume, acidity, pepsin) and quantitatively (output per unit time). Chemical sympathectomy has an augmenting effect both on acid (volume, acidity, output) and on pepsin. In general the MBF parallels acid, but the MBF is decreased after AMX despite stable or increased gastric secretion. Sympathectomy, except procedures involving AMX or AMX + surgical sympathectomy, increases spontaneous gastric mucosal lesions. With AMX glucose is diminished, but is elevated following surgical and chemical sympathectomy. Gastrin, insulin and somatostatin are always higher than in sham-operated controls, glucagon after surgical sympathectomy only. It is concluded that (1) the sympathoadrenal system in the rat modulates both basal gastric secretion and blood hormones; (2) the adrenal medulla may participate in the control of gastric MBF, and (3) gastric mucosal lesions are not correctly reflected by the ration MBF/acidity.

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PubMedDate not supplied

Basal gastric secretion, mucosal blood flow and associated fasting blood hormones in the rat. Effects of various forms of vagotomy.

After vagotomy (truncal, highly selective, superselective) in rats, basal gastric secretion, gastric mucosal blood flow, associated fasting blood glucose and a variety of hormones were measured. All forms of vagotomy reduce acid (volume, acidity, output), but highly selective and superselective--though not truncal--procedures stimulate basal pepsin secretion, whereas mucosal blood flow roughly parallels acid production. Spontaneous gastric mucosal lesions increase after highly selective vagotomy. Both highly selective and superselective--but not truncal--vagotomy tend to increase plasma glucose and somatostatin, while only the former reduces insulin and glucagon. Common to all vagotomies is the development of virtually undetectable calcitonin (less than 25 pg/ml) and of hypergastrinemia. It is concluded that in the rat with draining gastric fistula in response to vagotomy there are moderate differences in regard to gastric mucosal ulcer index, gastric secretion, glucose, glucose-regulating hormones, while lowered calcitonin may be a general feature of low vagal tone.

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