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E Habte-Gabr

Publications and source records attributed to E Habte-Gabr.

36 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Rapid etiological diagnosis of pyogenic meningitis by coagglutination, latex agglutination and immunoosmophoresis of cerebrospinal fluid, serum and urine.

Three rapid diagnostic methods for the detection of bacterial antigen-COA (Coagglutination), LA (latex agglutination) and IEOP (immunoelectroosmophoresis); DM (direct microscopy after Gram staining) and culture of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) have been compared in 53 bacterial meningitis patients and in 13 controls. Urine samples were assayed for antigens in connection with CSF in 32 for COA, LA, and IEOP. The cause of meningitis was S. pneumoniae in 31, H. influenzae type b in 16 and N. meningitidis in 6 using the methods for diagnosis by LA in 100%, COA in 94%, culture in 89%, IEOP in 81% and DM in 78% of the CSF samples. None of the CSF from controls were positive by any of the methods. LA and COA detected antigen in CSF in all 4 patients on 4th and 5th day of treatment but none of the tests were helpful 7-10 days later. LA was effective in detecting antigen in urine in 10/10 (100%) H. influenzae type b, 17/20 (85%) S. pneumoniae prior to antibiotic treatment. IEOP was helpful in antigen detection better in serum than in urine in 5/6 H. influenzae type b and 9/11 S. pneumoniae meningitis. In general we have found LA and COA as simple, rapid specific and sensitive tests and can be applied even in field situations and that LA can be used for antigen detection in urine and IEOP in serum. A large scale study is needed in order to standardize methods for antigen detection in serum and urine.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Evaluation of a DNA-hybridization method for detection of African and Asian strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in men with urethritis.

The 2.6-megadalton (MDa) cryptic plasmid and the 4.4-MDa beta-lactamase plasmid of Neisseria gonorrhoeae were radiolabeled with [32P] nucleotides and used as probes for direct detection of gonococci and beta-lactamase plasmids in urethral exudates from men with urethritis. The sensitivity and specificity of the DNA probes were compared with culture isolation of N. gonorrhoeae and biochemical tests of gonococcal isolates for beta-lactamase production. Of 216 urethral specimens, 180 were positive for N. gonorrhoeae by DNA probe and culture, 27 were negative by both tests, and 9 gave discordant results. Compared with culture and with the chromogenic cephalosporin assay, the sensitivity and the specificity of the DNA probe was 99% and 93% and that of the beta-lactamase probe assay was 91% and 96%, respectively. Electrophoresis of plasmids isolated from 90 gonococcal cultures showed that all contained the 2.6-MDa plasmid, 29 possessed a 3.2-MDa plasmid, 18 a 4.4-MDa beta-lactamase plasmid, and 11 had a 24.5-MDa conjugal plasmid. We conclude that the sensitivity of our DNA probes was comparable to that of culture for diagnosis of gonorrhea and to conventional tests for detection of beta-lactamase.

Africa↗
PubMed1977

Life-threatening infections: how to choose the right antibiotics.

Pneumococcal pneumonia in two or more lobes in frail, elderly patients; staphylococcal and Gram-negative rod pneumonia in patients of any age; lung abscesses; septicemia; endocarditis; peritonitis; and meningitis are life-threatening infections. To save patients with these infections, the physician should know the causative organism and educate himself by cultures; estimate the whole body bacterial burden and decrease bacterial numbers by incision and drainage where large collections of pus are accessible; choose antibiotics with care and use two antibiotics if serious prognostic signs are present initially, if there is a change for the worse, or if the laboratory report indicates that multiple organisms are present; check the serum bactericidal level and repeat this test if the route of antibiotic administration is changed; watch for and treat underlying disease; and always monitor for septic shock. Aged patients need special care, as they often have severe underlying disease. The bacterial burden is often high before infection is recognized in elderly patients, and age itself interferes with host defenses.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Single-dose treatment of uncomplicated acute gonococcal urethritis in Ethiopian men: comparison of rosoxacin, spectinomycin, penicillin, and ampicillin.

A total of 140 Ethiopian men with gonococcal urethritis were randomly assigned to treatment with aqueous procaine penicillin G (4.8 X 10(6) units intramuscularly [im] plus 1.0 g of oral probenicid); oral ampicillin (3.5 g plus 1.0 g of oral probenicid); spectinomycin (2.0 g im); or oral rosoxacin (Acrosoxacin; 300 mg). Failure rates were 24%, 19%, zero, and 3%, respectively. Forty-four (31.4%) patients were infected with penicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae (PPNG) and were evenly distributed in the treatment groups. All 39 PPNG strains analyzed for plasmid content possessed a 2.6-Mdalton plasmid; 28 (71.8%) had a 3.2-Mdalton beta-lactamase-encoding plasmid, ten (25.6%) had a 4.4-Mdalton plasmid (three with and seven without a 24.5-Mdalton plasmid), and one had only a 24.5-Mdalton plasmid. Two patients were infected with N. gonorrhoeae-possessing plasmids apparently capable of encoding but not producing beta-lactamase. Both spectinomycin and rosoxacin are excellent single-dose treatment regimens for gonococcal urethritis in men. All people receiving these drugs in Ethiopia should be tested serologically for syphilis, however, as eight (11.8%) of 68 men in this study also had active latent syphilis.

4-Quinolones↗