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Biomedical subjects

E Gyódi

Publications and source records attributed to E Gyódi.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Clinical and family studies in Hungarian patients with gout.

In this study we examined 22 Hungarian male probands with gout and 105 of their first degree relatives. This was the first family study in Hungary in which the characteristics of distribution of gout and hyperuricaemia among patients with gout and their first degree relatives, as well as the possible correlation between the prevalence of the disease and MHC class I antigens was investigated. Our gout patients showed the following characteristics: (1) There was a typical onset after age 40, benign oligoarticular form of arthritis, underexcretion of uric acid, moderate hypertension without evidence of reduced renal function, and a relatively high frequency of hyperostosis. (2) The prevalence of hyperuricaemia and gout exceeded the general population level in the first degree relatives of our gout patients. (3) The distribution of MHC class I antigens among the first degree relatives of our patients with gout showed no characteristic patterns. (4) There was no correlation between HLA B27 antigens and prevalence of gout or hyperostosis in family sibling studies. (5) The high frequency of gout and hyperuricaemia, as well as the lack of characteristic HLA patterns among the first degree relatives of gout patients in our family studies, point to the possible cumulative effect of several genes and environmental factors in the etiopathogenesis of this disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Correlation of HLA antigens and idiopathic hemochromatosis in Hungary].

The aim of our present work was to collect data on HLA distribution in patients with idiopathic haemochromatosis in Hungary. Ten unrelated patients with idiopathic haemochromatosis (6 men, 4 women) were studied. Idiopathic haemochromatosis was diagnosed on clinical, biochemical and histological grounds. HLA typing was performed in 10 probands and in all of their first degree relatives available (24) through 7 pedigree studies. HLA A3 was present in 6 of 10 probands [6/10 vs. 18.8% in the group of healthy blood donors (No 53) and 22.4% in Hungarian population (No 1910]. HLA B7 was present in 4 of 10 probands (40% vs. 11.3% and 14.6%). A3B7 antigen association has been found in 4 of 10 patients. A3B7 and A2B38 haplotypes were present twice in 4 of 7 genotyped probands. Pedigree studies revealed one nonaffected homozygote, 17 heterozygotes and 6 non carriers. Extended family and population studies are necessary to establish the gene frequency in Hungary and the probability of the involved haplotypes other than A3B7.

Female↗
PubMed1991

Sclerosis multiplex in gypsies.

MS rarely occurs in gypsies in Hungary despite the high DR2 frequency. When it does occur, it has special features more resembling that of Asians than Central Europeans. In order to find correlation between the clinical observations and the immunogenetical data, the distribution of DQw1 subtypes was investigated by means of Eco RV - DQ beta RFLP in DR2 positive healthy gypsies and Hungarians, as well asin DR2-positive Hungarian and unselected gypsy MS patients. DQw6 correlated with MS susceptibility in Hungarians. This allotype was completely absent in healthy DR2-positive gypsies. DR2-positive gypsy MS patients, however, carried DQw6. No correlation of complement allotypes with the occurrence of MS was found in Hungarians, while a striking elevation of C4 Q0 occurred in gypsy MS patients compared with healthy individuals in the gypsy group. The absence of the DR2, DW2, DQw6 haplotype, and the frequency of C4A Q0 in healthy gypsies seems to be associated with the low MS prevalence, but genes outside this region might also influence the MS susceptibility.

Alleles↗
PubMed1990

Non-cytotoxic blocking antibodies and suppressor cells induced by donor-specific transfusions in healthy volunteers and potential kidney transplant recipients.

Donor-specific transfusion (DST)-induced immunosuppression plays a significant role in clinical and experimental transplantation. To clarify the mechanism of suppression on alloreactivity the suppressor cell induction and the non-cytotoxic blocking antibody production and importance was studied in 15 healthy volunteers and 3 kidney transplant recipients (KTR) after DST on mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC). Significant decrease of anti-donor MLC response was found in all of KTR and in 12 cases of the 15 transfused volunteers. Of 18 cases, 15 had blocking factors in their post-DST serum which strongly (52-91%) inhibited the MLC response. The IgG fractions isolated from the "blocking sera" were responsible for this inhibition. Eighty-one percent of non-cytotoxic blocking antibodies affected the responder cells in MLC and reacted with third party responder cells as well. Both buffy coat and platelet transfusions evoked production of the non-specific blocking antibodies. Our data strongly suggest that DST induces not only the differentiation of suppressor cells and production of anti-idiotypic antibodies, but also the appearance of non-specific, non-cytotoxic antibodies, which may participate in the cell-mediated immune suppression of the alloimmune reactivity.

Antibody Formation↗
PubMed1990

Functional and immunogenetic characterization of FcR-blocking antibody.

The characteristics and functional importance of FcR-blocking antibodies and their production were investigated after immunization with whole blood, "buffy coat" and purified platelets. We studied the presence of FcR-blocking antibody in haemodialyzed, transfused patients waiting for kidney transplantation, and we found strong correlation between the blocking effect and better graft survival. We suggest that this blocking antibody does not attack FcR as primary target. Investigation of blocking activity of ten different immune sera on 50 healthy panel cells showed that target antigen has some polymorphic varieties. On basis of family studies it seems that the target antigen is not linked to HLA haplotype. The blocking effect of sera could be removed by absorption of CD8+ cells, B lymphocytes, platelets and granulocytes, but not with erythrocytes, monocytes, CD8- cells and NK cells.

Absorption↗
PubMed1990

Differences in non-MHC restricted cytotoxic activities of human peripheral blood lymphocytes after transfusion with allogeneic leukocytes or platelets possessing class I and/or class II MHC molecules.

MHC-unrestricted cytotoxic activity of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from 4-6 healthy donors was investigated before and after transfusion with allogeneic leukocytes or platelets. Natural killer and lectin-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (LDCC) of PBL was tested against K562 and Raji target cells in a 4-h and 16-h 51Cr-release assay, respectively. After allotransfusion with leukocytes, we found increased cytotoxic activity of each donor's PBL against all the three targets on day 3 or 7. The highest non-specific cytotoxic activity was detected against the relatively NK resistant Raji target cells. The increase of cytotoxic activity was lowest against the LDCC target (PHA-treated Raji) cells. On the contrary, no changes in cytotoxic activity against any targets were observed after allotransfusion with platelets (possessing class I HLA antigens but no HLA class II molecules). Our results suggest that HLA class II molecules, presumably by inducing immune responses, are essential for activation/generation of non-specific killing of tumor targets after leukocyte transfusion. Thrombocytes, known to be less immunogenic than leukocytes, are not effective in in vivo enhancing of non-specific cytotoxicity. Cellular activation of PBL following leukocyte allotransfusion was confirmed by detection of elevated serum neopterin and beta-2-microglobulin levels on day 3. This was not the case after platelet allotransfusion. In addition, the expression of ICAM-1 antigen (as a molecule involved directly in MHC-unrestricted cytotoxicity) was also found to be increased in two donors' PBL on day 3 after leukocyte transfusion in contrast to transfusion with platelets.

Biopterins↗
PubMed1990

Selective effect of noncytotoxic blocking alloantibodies produced after platelet transfusions on MLC, and mitogen and soluble antigen-induced responses of human lymphocytes.

The transfusion of blood components (buffy coat and platelets) may induce characteristic alloimmune response or suppressive regulation that have, in certain cases, a beneficial effect on allograft survival. The blocking effect of the sera of donors immunized with platelets on mixed lymphocyte culture and on the response of lymphocytes to mitogen as well as soluble antigen (PPD, tetanus toxoid) stimulation was studied. Six sera from 7 volunteers displayed a strong and significant nonspecific MLC blocking effect that was detectable on the 10th day following the second platelet transfusion (PT). Incubation of isolated stimulator and effector cell population with this "blocking sera" showed that the latter are involved in the mediation of suppression in the MLC test. This inhibitory effect is associated with the serum IgG fraction lacking any correlation with either class I or class II specific cytotoxic antibodies. Selective blocking behavior was found on transformation activity induced by mitogens or soluble antigens. Thus, sera of platelet-transfused volunteers decreases the responsiveness of lymphocytes to phytohemagglutinin, while the response to concanavalin A, tetanus toxoid, and PPD was not suppressed. Separate treatment of T and B lymphocyte populations and monocytes with the blocking sera showed that only T and B lymphocytes are targets, and not the monocytes for the inhibition in the case of PHA-induced proliferation. Indirect evidence may support the notion that MLC-inhibiting and FcR-blocking antibodies may be analog products of a regulatory alloimmune response induced by leukocytes that are partially responsible for the beneficial transfusion effect in organ transplantation.

Antigens↗
PubMed1990

Activation of lymphocytes after platelet allotransfusion possessing only class I MHC product.

After platelet allotransfusion, we found a characteristic increase in the expression of interleukin-2 receptor, dipeptydilpeptidase IV (CD26), activation-inducer molecule (AIM, CD69) and transferrin receptors (CD71) on day 3 indicating that important functional molecules expressed on the activation of lymphocytes by allogeneic platelets. At the same time, no consistent increase of other activation molecules such as Ki-l (CD30), intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM-1, CD54) and Ki-24 (CDw70) antigen expression was detected, probably as a result of the selective activation of some lymphocyte subsets. In order to obtain further evidence for the in vivo activation triggered by allogeneic platelets, subsequent step of T cell activation towards differentiation was investigated with monoclonal antibodies to leucocyte common antigens. A sharp expression of the UCHL1, coupled with a decrease of the CD45R molecule was detected on day 7 or 14, suggesting a T cell priming.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1989

Dynamism of the development of "Fc receptor-blocking antibodies" after immunization with buffy coat.

Eight healthy male blood donors who had not received transfusion previously, were immunized 5 times at 6-week intervals. The immunization was carried out with "buffy coat" separated from 400 ml freshly obtained donor blood. Donor-recipient pairs showed a mismatching for 1 to 4 HLA antigens. The production of HLA antibodies could be demonstrated in 4 patients during the repeated immunizations. Fc receptor-blocking antibody activity was determined with the erythrocyte antibody inhibition (EAI) method in serum samples for the recipients. An increase in the Fc receptor-blocking antibody serum level could be detected already on the second day after the first immune stimulus. Fc receptor-blocking activity was maximum on the 10th day after immunization. After repeated immune stimuli, the increased non-specific Fc receptor-blocking antibody activity was demonstrated independently of the appearance of specific HLA cytotoxic antibodies.

Antibody Formation↗
PubMed1988

The different effect of alpha and gamma interferons and interleukin 2 on the expression of CD2, CD3, CD4 and CD8 antigens in comparison to histocompatibility antigens of human lymphocytes.

The effects of alpha- and gamma-interferons (IFN-alpha, -gamma) and of interleukin 2 (IL-2) on the expression of certain differentiation antigens were compared with those of major histocompatibility antigens on human lymphocytes. IFN-gamma and IFN-alpha in high doses significantly increased the expression of T11 (CD2) differentiation antigen, but did not affect the expression of T4 (CD4), T8 (CD8), T3 (CD3) and Leu-7 antigens (HNK-1). Both natural and recombinant IFN-alpha and -beta apparently increased the expression of HLA-ABC antigens and of beta-2 microglobulin (beta 2m) after 16 h incubation. The amount of HLA-DR antigen, however, doubled in a few hours following IFN-gamma treatment. IL-2 affected the expression of CD2 and CD8 antigens only marginally, but did not affect that of CD3 and Leu-7; however, it strongly enhanced the expression of HLA-ABC, HLA-DR, and beta 2m antigens.

Antigens, Differentiation↗
PubMed1988

Comparative study of alloimmune reactions induced by leukocyte and platelet transfusions in humans: characteristic changes of activation markers, gamma interferon, and FcR blocking antibody production.

This study was undertaken to define immune responses induced by leukocyte and platelet transfusions. We offer evidence that activation by alloimmunization with intravenously administered "buffy coat" cells results in immune alterations similar to the early rejection episodes following kidney transplantation. Thus, IL-2 and HLA-DR expression increased on PBL 2 and 3 days after antigen exposure and paralleled elevations of IFN-gamma, neopterin, and beta 2 microglobulin levels. No significant changes were detected in the number of T-cell subpopulations. Alloimmunization by purified platelets alone that express only class I MHC antigens failed to induce the above alteration, even after repeated exposure. Repeated alloimmunization with "buffy coat" cells or isolated platelets stimulated a progressive increase up to 100% blocking activity on EA rosette formation. We conclude that the expression of activation markers on PBL and the production of IFN gamma and neopterin reflect the early phase of alloimmune response induced by leukocytes. This type of alloactivation is not a prerequisite for the development of FcR-blocking antibody, which is produced after pure platelet transfusion as well.

Binding, Competitive↗
PubMed1986

HLA antigens, jejunal morphology and associated diseases in children with dermatitis herpetiformis.

Forty-five Hungarian and Finnish children from 1.5 to 15 years with dermatitis herpetiformis were studied for HLA antigens, jejunal morphology on gluten-containing diet and associated diseases in the patients and their relatives. A strong association with HLA-B8 was found in patients of both nationalities, the relative risks were 12.8 and 9.6, respectively. The Hungarian patients were also typed for HLA-DR locus, and an association with DR3 but not with DR7 was observed. Patients with subtotal villous atrophy had slightly more often HLA-B8 and DR3 than those with milder intestinal lesions. Atopic eczema occurred in 20% of the patients and family history of atopy seemed to have an inverse correlation with HLA-B8 and DR3.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Multiple sclerosis in 3 gipsy and 2 partly gipsy subjects (a clinical and immunogenetic study).

Based on a clinical and immunogenetical study of three Gipsy and two partly Gipsy patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) it is concluded that clinically the MS of pure Gipsies resembles the Eastern form of MS and that of the partly Gipsy patients the Caucasian form of the disease. In respect of histocompatibility the association of the DR2 and B7 antigens with the disease has been confirmed. By taking into account the data on the frequency of the HLA antigens in the healthy Gipsy population the genetic factors determining MS are probably only indirectly related to the B and DR loci inside the complex HLA system.

Adult↗