Biomedical subjects

E Gutmann

Publications and source records attributed to E Gutmann.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMed1975

Biochemical and histochemical changes in energy supply enzyme pattern of muscles of the rat during old age.

Senile muscles of the rat (28-36 months) show loss of overall activity of glycolytic and aerobic enzymes. However, there is a differential loss and shift of enzyme activity pattern in the three types of muscles. The extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and diaphragm show a decrease of ratios of glycolytic to aerobic-oxidative enzymes. This shift to a more oxidative type of metabolism is not observed in the soleus muscle. Decrease of enzyme activities is least marked in the diaphragm muscle. Biochemical analysis shows a trend to levelling out of metabolic differences between the different muscle types. This trend of 'dedifferentiation' is most marked when comparing EDL and soleus, least marked when comparing EDL and diaphragm muscle. The histochemical analysis shows a shift from the original mixed to a more uniform pattern of muscle fibres in the EDL and soleus muscle; this levelling-out of differences between enzymatic activities of different muscle fibres is not observed in the diaphragm muscle. Preferential atrophy and loss of ATPase activity in II muscle fibres in the soleus muscle and the occurrence of 'type grouping' are further characteristic features of senile muscle change. The findings show general (i.e. loss of enzyme activities) and differential trends of biochemical and histochemical enzyme changes in different types of muscles.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗

PubMed1975

Effect of foreign innervation on contractile and histochemical properties of the transplanted levator ani muscle of the rat.

Heterotopic transplantation of the levator ani (LA) muscle into the bed of the fast tibialis anterior (TA) or slow soleus (SOL) muscle respectively results in transformation of contractile and histochemical properties of the muscle dependent on the new "foreign" innervation. This transformation is observed after transplantation of minced muscle tissue and of free grafts. The result of transformation is more pronounced in the case of free LA-TA grafts which show progressive shortening of contractile response, whereas the LA-SOL shows slight shortening. The heterotopically transplanted free LA-SOL and the LA-TA grafts become relatively faster than the respective original muscle, suggesting operation of myogenic factors related to the fast LA muscle. Maximal tetanic tension output of the free heterotopic grafts 60 days after transplantation recovers to only about a quarter of the correspondong control muscles. Recovery of speed of contraction in the transplanted LA muscle is similar to that observed after selfreinnervation after crushing the pudendal nerve close to its entry into the muscle. In the heterotopically transplanted muscles the reversal of the originally uniform histochemical fibre pattern to a mixed fibre pattern in respect to ATPase and SDH activity is dependent on the type of innervation. After selfreinnervation of the LA muscle by the pudendal nerve a uniform fibre pattern is maintained with regeneration of the nerve.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗

PubMed1975

Genetic differences in the levator ani muscle weight between inbred and congenic mouse strains.

Significant differences in relative weight of the levator ani muscle (LAW) between inbred and congenic mouse strains, differing genetically only by the major histocompatibility H-2 complex were found. It is assumed that a genetic factor (Hom-1), identical or closely associated wi th the H-2 complex, is one of the genes which influence LAW. These experiments suggest that for assay methods for myotropic activity of androgens groups of animals may be used with a homogenous genotype.

Anabolic Agents↗

PubMed1975

Myosin from fast and slow skeletal and cardiac muscles of mammals of different size.

The ATPase activity of myosin and contraction time in extensor digitorum longus muscle, soleus muscle and cardiac muscle was compared in mammals differing in size. It was shown that the myosin ATPase activity of homologous muscles decreases and contraction time increases with increasing size of animals. The rate of tryptic digestion of myosin, the electrophoretic pattern of light chains of myosin and the effect of p-chloromercuribenzoate on ATPase activity of myosin were also studied. All these three myosin properties are very characteristic when the myosin from a fast muscle is compared with the myosin from a slow muscle of the same animal, but no relationship between these three myosin properties and ATPase activity of myosin was found, when homologous muscles of various mammals were compared.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗

PubMed1975

Considerations on neurotrophic relations in the central and peripheral nervous system.

The evidence for the existence of neurotrophic (non-impulse) influences is reviewed especially with respect to choice of adequate parameters and of differentiation of neurotrophic influences from other mechanisms affecting intercellular relations. The importance of growth processes in neurotrophic control is stressed, the mechanisms being apparently similar in the central and peripheral nervous system. Collateral sprouting as a compensatory response of the neuron on one hand and the old age changes at neuromuscular synapses resulting in "silent" synapses and later "silent" terminals present phenomena indicating mechanisms of growth and arrest of growth processes in neurotrophic control.

Aging↗

PubMed1974