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Biomedical subjects

E Grattan

Publications and source records attributed to E Grattan.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Mental health problems of homeless children and families: longitudinal study.

OBJECTIVE: To establish the mental health needs of homeless children and families before and after rehousing. DESIGN: Cross sectional, longitudinal study. SETTING: City of Birmingham. SUBJECTS: 58 rehoused families with 103 children aged 2-16 years and 21 comparison families of low socioeconomic status in stable housing, with 54 children. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Children's mental health problems and level of communication; mothers' mental health problems and social support one year after rehousing. RESULTS: Mental health problems remained significantly higher in rehoused mothers and their children than in the comparison group (mothers 26% v 5%, P = 0.04; children 39% v 11%, P = 0.0003). Homeless mothers continued to have significantly less social support at follow up. Mothers with a history of abuse and poor social integration were more likely to have children with persistent mental health problems. CONCLUSIONS: Homeless families have a high level of complex needs that cannot be met by conventional health services and arrangements. Local strategies for rapid rehousing into permanent accommodation, effective social support and health care for parents and children, and protection from violence and intimidation should be developed and implemented.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Two-year outcome of children treated for depression.

Fifty-four children and adolescents (age 8-17) were assessed two years after a clinical intervention trial of cognitive-behavioural vs. non-focused treatment for depression. Eleven (20.4%) subjects fulfilled criteria for depression, while 21 (38.9%) reported significant depressive symptoms during the previous year. Seventeen young people (31.5%) had a psychiatric disorder (including depression). Overall, the sample maintained the improvement since the termination of treatment, without detecting specific treatment effects. Presence of depression at two-year follow-up was best predicted by self-esteem ratings before and after treatment, and co-morbidity at post-treatment. Depression in young life carries a high risk of recurrence, despite initial remission. Continuation or preventative treatment for young people at risk of relapse needs development and evaluation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Psychosocial functioning of homeless children.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the psychosocial characteristics of homeless children and their parents. METHOD: Homeless families were assessed within 2 weeks of admission to seven hostels and were compared with a group of housed families matched for socioeconomic status. Measures included a semistructured interview, the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), the interview Schedule for Social Interaction, the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), the Communication domain of the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, and height and weight percentiles. The sample consisted of 113 homeless families (249 children aged 2 through 16 years) and 29 comparison families (83 children). RESULTS: Homeless families primarily consisted of single mothers and an average of two children, who had become homeless because of domestic violence (56%) or violence from neighbors (29%). Homeless mothers reported high rates of previous abuse (45%) and current psychiatric morbidity (49% caseness on the GHQ) and poor social support networks compared with housed controls. Homeless children were more likely to have histories of abuse, living in care, and being on the at-risk child protection register and less likely to have attended school or a preschool/day-care center since admission to the hostel. They also had delayed communication and higher CBCL scores. Maternal GHQ scores best predicted CBCL caseness. CONCLUSIONS: Homeless mothers and children have high rates of psychosocial morbidity, which are related to multiple risk factors and chronic adversities. Their complex needs should be best met by specialized and coordinated health, social, and educational services.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

A randomised controlled out-patient trial of cognitive-behavioural treatment for children and adolescents with depression: 9-month follow-up.

Nine-month outcome data of a randomized controlled out-patient trial of cognitive-behavioural treatment (CBT) for children and adolescents with depression are presented. CBT was compared with a non-focussed intervention (NFI) in 56 subjects. At 9 months after thr termination of the trial, 21 children (37.5%) fulfilled criteria for a psychiatric disorder (DSM-III-R), out of whom 15 (26.8%) had a depressive illness. However, 25 subjects (45%) reported depressive symptoms of significant severity to suggest a depressive episode during the previous 9-month period. Both treatment groups maintained a significant improvement on all psychosocial measures since the post-treatment assessment. No significant treatment effect was established. Low self-esteem at the time of referral, predicted presence of psychiatric disorder, and child-reported scores of depressive symptoms and low self-esteem at follow-up. The research and clinical implications for the treatment of depressive disorders in young life are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Road blindness.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Automobiles↗
PubMed1969

Injuries to hip joint in car occupants.

Four varieties of fracture, of dislocation, or of fracture dislocation of the hip are described that occur in car occupants after road accidents. It is suggested that, whereas most hip injuries to car occupants are produced by application of force to the knee, one important variety (central fracture dislocation) is the result of the direct application of force to the great trochanter. Central fracture dislocations might be prevented, or their severity minimized, by strengthening the sides of cars and of car doors and by improving the energy absorption characteristics of the facia panel.

Accidents, Traffic↗