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Biomedical subjects

E Graham

Publications and source records attributed to E Graham.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Correlation between octanol solvent distribution ratio and liquid chromatographic retention for some 7- and 9-substituted 1-methyl-isoguanines.

Octanol/aqueous buffer solvent distribution ratio and liquid chromatographic retention in a primarily aqueous phase were determined and correlated to estimated substituent Hansch pi values for a series of 1-methyl-isoguanines. Substituent connectivity values (simple, valence, and bond length) were also computed and factored into the correlation equation between known in vitro activity data and these lipophilic parameters. The liquid chromatographic retention data were best correlated with measured activity accounting for 61% of the variation while distribution ratio and Hansch pi accounted for 56% or 52%, respectively, when each was considered alone. Valence connectivity accounted for 30% of the variation alone but did not add significantly to the equations when factored with the other parameters.

Binding, Competitive↗
PubMed1985

Autoimmune mechanisms in inflammatory eye disease.

This paper summarises the principal immunopathological mechanisms which may underlie ocular inflammation and draws attention to how autoimmune reactions may be regulated by idiotypic networks of the immune system. The study of autoimmunity in inflammatory eye disease is illustrated by our current investigations of retinal vasculitis in man and of experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis in rodents where three lines of evidence indicate that immune complex formation may be a compensatory host response to the development of antiretinal autoimmunity. In discussing immunological implications of these results we suggest that retinal inflammation in antiretinal autoimmunity is limited by a protective anti-idiotypic antibody response and that retinal disease arises when this compensatory response is improperly balanced. The clinical implications of this reasoning include the identification of patients at risk of relapse of ocular disease and the development of therapeutic methods for restoring an imbalanced anti-idiotypic autoimmune response towards normality.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Salary survey of the Medical Library Group of Southern California and Arizona.

The 1982 salary survey of the Medical Library Group of Southern California and Arizona (MLGSCA) indicates that 211 health sciences librarians in Southern California and Arizona earned a mean annual salary of $20,910 for 1982. Data analysis shows a positive correlation between salary and educational level. Other factors found to affect salary were job history, number of positions held, MLA certification, and professional responsibility. Age, gender, and MLA certification did not have a consistent positive correlation with salary. Results indicate that the salaries of hospital librarians are, on the average, roughly comparable to those of academic librarians in Southern California and Arizona.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1983

Correlates of intelligence and adaptive behaviour in Down's syndrome.

Intelligence and adaptive behaviour scores of Down's syndrome children were compared with parental educational level, socio-economic indicators, and parental age at birth of the child. IQ and adaptive behaviour scores were positively correlated with parental education and socio-economic indicators. Adaptive behaviour scores of children born to older parents were significantly lower than scores of children born to younger parents.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Anti-retinal autoimmunity and circulating immune complexes in patients with retinal vasculitis.

Sera from 44 patients with isolated retinal vasculitis (RV), 38 patients with retinal vasculitis accompanying systemic inflammatory diseases (RV + SID), and 33 patients with a similar range of systemic inflammatory diseases without eye involvement (SID alone) were assayed for circulating immune complexes (CIC) and for anti-retinal autoantibodies. CIC were present in 41% of patients with isolated RV and 55% of patients with RV + SID, whilst anti-retinal antibodies were present in about 70% of all patients with RV. 42% of those with SID alone had CIC and 30% of those with SID alone had retinal autoantibodies. Titres of anti-retinal antibodies were higher in patients with RV than in those with SID alone. In isolated RV there was an inverse relation between pronounced retinal autoimmunity and the occurrence of CIC--i.e., the more severe autoimmune retinal disease occurred in CIC-negative patients. Most patients with RV + SID tended to have mild or moderate retinal disease accompanied by both retinal autoantibodies and CIC, but severe retinal disease occurred in CIC-positive patients who did not have circulating anti-retinal antibodies. Patients with SID alone had high titres of retinal antibodies only when they were CIC-positive. It is suggested that the formation of CIC, possibly of an idiotype/anti-idiotype nature, may be a compensatory mechanism accompanying anti-retinal autoimmunity and that an imbalance between autoimmunity and immune complex formation may be an important predisposing factor in the development of retinal inflammatory disease.

Antibody Specificity↗
PubMed1981

Prognosis in giant-cell arteritis.

In a study to assess the natural history of giant-cell arteritis, 90 patients with proved disease were followed up from the time of diagnosis. Early mortality was low and most commonly due to vertebral arteritis, but cerebral infarction did not appear to be a late complication. High maintenance dose steroids and visual loss were associated significantly with a shortened life span (p=0.0003 and p=0.0024). One-third of the patients developed chronic relapsing disease, but serious late complications were not encountered. After the initial attack has been controlled steroid dosage should be reduced to the minimum needed to alleviate symptoms.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1981

Immunological investigations in retinal vasculitis.

Immunological investigations have been performed in eighty patients with retinal vasculitis. 50 per cent of patients with retinal vasculitis associated with systemic inflammatory disease have raised circulating immune complexes, abnormal complement abnormalities, and antibodies to retinal S antigen. Patients with isolated retinal vasculitis demonstrate similar abnormalities when vascular leakage is the predominant manifestation, but a higher incidence (89 per cent) of retinal antibodies and a lower incidence of immune complexes (22 per cent) are found if reduced retinal perfusion is present. A rise in titre of antibodies to smooth muscle occurred in several patients before the recurrence of uveitis, indicating that this test may predict a clinical relapse.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

A new nursing aid.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1981

Autoimmunity and circulating immune complexes in retinal vasculitis.

This paper presents the results of a point-prevalence study of circulating autoantibodies and immune complexes in 44 patients with isolated retinal vasculitis (RV alone), 38 patients with retinal vasculitis accompanied by systemic inflammatory disease (RV + SID), and 33 patients with a similar range of systemic inflammatory disease but without eye involvement (SID alone). In isolated retinal vasculitis, antiretinal antibodies, non-retinal antibodies, and circulating immune complexes each showed a prevalence of about 50 per cent, but there was an inverse relationship between marked antiretinal autoimmunity and the occurrence of circulating immune complexes. In SID alone, antiretinal antibodies (ret-AB) were of lower prevalence (about 20 per cent) and occurred only in patients who had circulating immune complexes (CIC). Patients with RV + SID fell into two principal categories: (a) ret-AB with CIC, and (b) ret-AB without CIC. In isolated retinal vasculitis, the occurrence of high levels of retinal autoimmunity in the absence of circulating immune complexes was associated with the more severe retinal disease, while in those RV + SID patients who did not express autoimmunity, the more severe retinal disease was associated with the presence of circulating immune complexes. It is suggested that the formation of circulating autoimmune complexes, possibly of an idiotypic: anti-idiotypic character, may be a 'risk' mechanism for limiting retinal-specific autoimmunity, and that certain patients with severe retinal vasculitis may undercompensate or overcompensate in this way.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1980

Cavitational bio-effects of 1.5 MHz.

The effects of continuous wave ultrasound on three different classes of biosystems have been investigated at a frequency of 1.5 MHz. The criteria for cavitation are given, and these are applied to experimentally observed growth retardation of plant roots, cell death and DNA degradation in bacteria and pyknosis of human lymphocytes. An attempt is being made to find common physical mechanisms for all these biological responses, and cavitation processes in particular are examined here. A description is given of the techniques used to monitor the presence of cavitation, and indirect evidence, drawn from pulsed field and elevated pressure experiments, is presented to show that other-non-linear processes are also operative.

Acoustics↗
PubMed1980

Survival in temporal arteritis.

Ninety patients with biopsy proven temporal arteritis have been followed up from 6 months to 12 years. There appear to be two groups of patients who suffer with the disease: those that respond well to treatment and those who follow a chronic course depsite treatment. Serious late complications were not encountered in this series. A high maintenance level of corticosteroids (greater than 10 mg daily) correlates significantly with an increased mortality rate.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1976

Uveitis. A series of 368 patients.

During the first 10 years (1963-74) of a new Medical Ophthalmology Unit, 368 of 3,930 admissions had endogenous uveitis, anterior in 215 (58 per cent.), posterior in 65 (18 per cent.), and generalized in 88 (24 per cent.). Acute uveitis in 153 patients tended to have a short course counted in months, whereas in 215 with chronic uveitis the condition was measured over years, punctuated by relapses. Sex distribution was equal. At the time of initial presentation, 60 per cent. of patients were aged 20 to 40 years, 8 per cent. were under 20, and 10 per cent. were over 60 years of age.

Adolescent↗