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Biomedical subjects

E Gordon

Publications and source records attributed to E Gordon.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Tropomyosin in peripheral ruffles of cultured rat kidney cells.

Tropomyosin distribution has been studied in two normal lines and one transformed line of rat kidney cells during the early phases of substrate attachment and growth. One non-motile normal line, which spreads rapidly after attachment, immediately begins to assemble prominent stress fibers that contain tropomyosin. It displays small peripheral ruffles that are not noticeably stained with anti-tropomyosin. The other normal line is motile and produces large ruffles that are brightly stained with anti-tropomyosin. Large numbers of tropomyosin-positive stress fibers assemble only after the cells stop moving and lose the peripheral ruffles. The transformed line does not assemble stress fibers but does contain large numbers of actin filament bundles in ruffles on the cell surface that are stained with anti-tropomyosin. These observations indicate that cytoskeletal tropomyosin is not restricted in distribution to stress fibers, and may undergo re-organization along with actin during the transition from motile to non-motile behavior.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Examination of a teacher from El Salvador.

On Oct 19, 1983, a medical examination was carried out on a 30-year-old man, a teacher, from El Salvador, who alleged that he had been arrested and tortured eighteen months previously. An interpreter was present and medical photographs were taken at the time of the examination.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Controlled hypotension with adenosine in cerebral aneurysm surgery.

The cardiovascular effects of adenosine-induced controlled hypotension were studied in 10 patients undergoing cerebral aneurysm surgery. Adenosine and its metabolites were measured in arterial plasma using high-pressure liquid chromatography. Whole body and cerebral arteriovenous oxygen content differences (AVDO2), arterial lactate levels, and arteriojugular lactate differences were determined. In order to reduce the dose requirement of adenosine, the patients were pretreated with the adenosine uptake inhibitor, dipyridamole (0.3-0.4 mg . kg-1). During the infusion of adenosine (0.14 +/- 0.04 mg . kg-1 . min-1) the mean arterial blood pressure decreased by 43%, from 82 to 46 mmHg, during a mean hypotensive period of 32 min, without signs of tachyphylaxis. The arterial adenosine level increased from 0.15 +/- 0.02 to 2.45 +/- 0.65 microM (P less than 0.01). Hypotension was caused by a profound decrease in peripheral vascular resistance (61 +/- 3%, P less than 0.01), which was accompanied by an increase in cardiac output (44 +/- 9%, P less than 0.01). Heart rate increased moderately by 16 +/- 5% (P less than 0.01). Pulmonary vascular resistance and central venous pressures were unaffected. Arterial lactate and PaO2 were unchanged, while whole body oxygen consumption was decreased by 13 +/- 4% (P less than 0.05). The AVDO2 across the brain was decreased by 37 +/- 5% (P less than 0.05) without signs of lactate formation. The authors conclude that adenosine rapidly induces a stable and easily controlled hypotension in humans by dilation of arterial resistance vasculature.

Adenosine↗
PubMed1984

A survey of patient sources of prescription drug information.

A national telephone survey of 1,104 adults who had recently obtained a new prescription was undertaken to determine the nature and amount of drug information obtained. Sixty percent stated that physicians provided directions for use information with the pharmacy reported as about half as active. Only 3 to 6 per cent said they asked the physician or pharmacist for information. However, one in six respondents said they looked up the prescription in a drug reference book such as the Physicians Desk Reference.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Incidence of acute graft-versus-host disease with and without methotrexate prophylaxis in allogeneic bone marrow transplant patients.

Methotrexate has been used as the mainstay therapy to prevent or ameliorate graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. We began a nonrandomized study in which methotrexate was not given routinely. Fifty-five patients underwent transplant for acute leukemia (44 patients), aplastic anemia (6 patients), and other malignancies (5 patients). Methotrexate was given to 34 patients (MTX +) and was withheld in 21 patients (MTX -). Median (range) age of patients was 12 (0.8-43) years in the MTX + group, and 16 (3-45) years in the MTX- group. Mean days (+/- SEM) to engraftment (neutrophils greater than 500/microL, and platelets greater than 20,000/microL untransfused) occurred earlier in the MTX- patients (19.6 +/- 1.4 v 24.9 +/- 1.8 days for granulocytes, and 19.3 +/- 1.5 v 27.4 +/- 2.8 days for platelets, P less than .05). There were no statistically significant differences between the patient groups for the incidence or severity of GVHD (10/34 in the MTX + group had grade O-l GVHD compared to 9/21 in the MTX- group). The interstitial pneumonitis occurred at a significantly increased rate in patients who received methotrexate (15/34) compared to those patients who did not (3/21) (P = .02). However, there was also a significant relationship between the interstitial pneumonitis and the preparative regimen: if the preparative regimen contained 1,000 rad single fraction total body irradiation, 8/14 patients were affected compared to 5/22 patients affected when 1,200 rad fractionated total body irradiation was used (P = .03). Because methotrexate significantly retards hematopoietic reconstitution, randomized trials for GVHD prevention are recommended.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1983

Prolactin, cortisol and thyroxine levels and the premature infant.

The relationship of prolactin, cortisol and thyroxine values in cord and maternal plasma to fetal age and weight and to the incidence of hyaline membrane disease (HMD) was investigated in 80 neonates of whom 40 were born at more than 37 weeks' gestation. Of the 40 born at less than 36 weeks 11 developed HMD. Serum cortisol has been shown to be a differentiating factor for HMD, but cord thyroxine and prolactin levels seem to be related more to age and weight than to the occurrence of HMD.

Fetal Blood↗
PubMed1983

The type A behaviour pattern and physique.

This study examines the possibility that Type A behaviour is related to physique, and thus, is secondary to physique as a risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD). Scores on a modified version of the 1966 Jenkins Activity Survey were correlated with a number of physical parameters. Age was found to have the highest correlation of -0.177. When the effects of age were adjusted for, only 7.1% of variation in JAS scores was explained by the body measurements used to define physique. In addition, when high and low scorers on the JAS were compared, no significant differences were found between the groups on any of the body measurements. Since this study found no significant relationship between JAS scores and physique, the results do not controvert the supposition that Type A behaviour is an independent risk factor for CHD.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Biofeedback improvement of lower esophageal sphincter pressures and reflux symptoms.

During a course of 10 biofeedback sessions in a single subject, the lower esophageal sphincter pressure measured with an open-tipped perfused catheter assembly showed significant and progressive increase with each session, until it reached normal levels. There was also a decrease in symptomatic reflux episodes, from three times daily to once every 2 weeks. Macroscopic esophagitis was detected by endoscopy before the first session, but was no longer evident in the endoscopic examination after biofeedback training. After the biofeedback training program, the subject was able to control his lower esophageal sphincter without biofeedback.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

The epileptogenicity of neurolept anaesthesia in patients during and after neuroradiological examinations with metrizamide.

Previous experimental studies caution against the use of neurolept anaesthesia during subarachnoid injection of metrizamide for neuroradiodiagnostic procedures because of severe epileptogenic complications. To examine whether these recommendations are relevant in the clinical situation or not, 104 patients were studied. They underwent neuroradiological investigations with metrizamide subarachnoidally and were anaesthetized with neurolept anaesthesia either during the investigation (59 patients, Group I) or within 48 h afterwards (45 patients, Group II) when a neurosurgical operation was performed. In 10 patients of Group I, EEG was recorded during the investigation. All patients were observed for occurrence of clinical epileptic manifestations during and after the anaesthesia. Apart from one patient who had a short episode of suspected epileptogenic EEG-activity shortly after the injection of metrizamide, none of the other patients showed EEG-abnormalities of epileptogenic type and none of them had any clinical signs of epileptic manifestations. On the basis of the results of this clinical study it is concluded that neurolept anaesthesia does not increase the risk of epileptic complications during neuroradiological investigations with metrizamide.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Subdural haematoma. A rare but life-threatening complication after spinal anaesthesia.

A 70-year-old patient developed severe headache after spinal anaesthesia. He was treated with an epidural autologous blood patch with only temporary relief. Three weeks after the spinal anaesthesia, the headache became more intense and was accompanied by nausea and vomiting. A second epidural blood patch was performed without effect. The patient became unconscious and an acute CT scan revealed a large subdural haematoma. This was immediately evacuated and the patient made a good recovery. This case demonstrates that subdural haematoma should be considered as a possible aetiology in severe postspinal headache.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Effects of mannitol on blood volume and central hemodynamics in patients undergoing cerebral aneurysm surgery.

The effects on hemodynamics and blood volume of 500 ml of 20% mannitol administered intravenously in 15 min at the beginning of cerebral aneurysm surgery have been studied in 10 patients. Measurements were made before the infusion of mannitol (control) and at 15-min intervals for 1 hr. Control measurements showed normal hemodynamic data, while blood volume was lower than normal (P less than 0.001). Immediately after the mannitol infusion cardiac index (25%; P less than 0.01), pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (48%; P less than 0.001), and blood volume (43%; P less than 0.001) increased. Thirty minutes after the mannitol infusion, blood volume had returned to control levels, while the cardiac index and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure decreased 21% (P less than 0.01 and P less than 0.05, respectively) below control levels. Forty-five minutes after the mannitol infusion, serum osmolality and urine volume remained high. Our data confirm the presence of hypovolemia in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage and a transient increase in blood volume associated with the infusion of mannitol. The data emphasize, however, that the hemodynamic response is biphasic, with an initial increase in pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and cardiac index, followed by a hypokinetic circulatory pattern with pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and cardiac index below control levels. The hypokinetic state occurred in spite of return of blood volume to control levels, suggesting that redistribution of blood from central to peripheral circulatory compartments had occurred.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

A study of ECG abnormalities and myocardial specific enzymes in patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage.

Twenty-two patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage were investigated for changes in myoglobin, total CK, CK-MB and CK-BB in serum and for the incidence of ECG abnormalities. Serial ECG's showed abnormalities in 20 patients; 15 of these had T wave changes, 15 Q-Tc prolongation, ten had S-T depression and nine U waves and in seven cases arrhythmias were found. The purpose of the study was to find out whether a relationship could be established between the ECG abnormalities and changes in serum myoglobin and enzymes. However, in no patient could myoglobin or enzyme patterns consistent with acute myocardial or cerebral damage be observed and therefore the ECG abnormalities do not seem to be related to detectable myocardial damage.

Adult↗