Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to E Gonzalez.
Sixteen bacterial clones containing yeast initiator tRNAmet genes have been isolated. The size of the BamHI fragments encoding these genes ranges from 4,000 to 23,000 base pairs. The nucleotide sequence of one member of this group has been determined. It has no intervening sequences.
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Signet ring cell adenocarcinoma of the bladder is a rare tumor that usually presents as a diffuse and infiltrating neoplasm, similar to the linitis plastica type of gastric adenocarcinoma. We report the thirteenth case of primary signet ring cell adenocarcinoma of the bladder, which is documented by light microscopic, immunohistochemical and electron microscopic studies. the pertinent medical literature is reviewed and analyzed. In general, this tumor present with hematuria and irritative symptoms, and may yield equivocal radiologic and cystoscopic findings. It is characterized by a rather rapid growth rate, infiltration of the surrounding pelvic organs, and variable response to radiotherapy and radical surgery. The prognosis is apparently favorably modified by early detection of localized forms of the tumor and aggressive treatment.
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A population of 3,067 Mexican-American, Pueblo Indian, Navajo Indian, Black, and Anglo elementary children were administered the Draw-A-Person for norming and comparison against the existing Koppitz scoring procedure. A significant number of items for each of the five ethnic groups changed categories with final score interpretation affected. A significant difference in percentage of items drawn by the five ethnic groups was also found, as were regional differences on certain items.
The analysis of the effects of pirenzepine (0.2 mg/kg body weight) on S35 uptake of rat colonic mucus was studied by gel permeation chromatography. As it is well known, with this method two fractions - peak A and peak B - are clearly distinguished. In the included volume (peak B) pirenzepine decreases significantly the S35 uptake in the stimulated right colon. In the left one, the above effect was observed under both conditions: basal and stimulated. In the void volume (peak A), pirenzepine under basal conditions inversely shows an increase of the S35 uptake, whereas under stimulated conditions it reveals anticipated kinetic increase. Statistically, this data is less significant than that of peak B. All the findings demonstrated that muscarinic receptors of high sensitivity are present in rat colon.
Cardiovascular response and changes in the phrenic and recurrent laryngeal nerve activities to the electrical stimulation of the aortic nerves were studied in the decerebrate male Wistar rats. Stimulus parameters were varied over a wide range (intensities 0.1-10 volts, frequencies 2-150 pulses per sec, durations 0.01-10 msec) and stimulation was continued for 1 min to ensure that steady state was reached. Stimulation of the aortic nerves consistently produced decreases in blood pressure and heart rate (baroceptor responses) while increase in blood pressure and heart rate (chemoreceptor responses) were never obtained. Inhibition of phrenic and recurrent laryngeal nerve activities (baroceptor responses) always followed stimulation of aortic nerves while facilitation of these nerve activities (chemoreceptor responses) was never observed. These results indicate that the aortic nerves of the rat contain mainly baroceptor afferent fibers and there are few, if any, functional chemoreceptor fibers in these nerves.
We describe a premature female infant with Kniest dysplasia, who died shortly after birth. This appears to be the first autopsy performed in this condition. Manifestations included neonatal respiratory distress, large head, midface hypoplasia, flat nasal bridge, short nose, micrognathia, cleft palate, short neck, micromelia, and mildly bowed limbs. Roentgenologic findings included short, slightly bowed tubular bones with metaphyseal flare; mild platyspondyly, with vertical clefts of vertebral bodies; small iliac bones with increased acetabular angles; and inadequate ossification of pubic rami. Histopathologic findings of cartilage included focal "Swiss-cheese" pattern; disorganized physeal growth zone; and PAS-positive, diastase-resistant intracytoplasmic inclusions, which corresponded to finely granular material accumulated in dilated cisterns of rough endoplasmic reticulum.
A term infant had dwarfism with characteristic skeletal and extraskeletal changes of the short rib-polydactyly syndrome type 2 (Majewski). The skeletal changes included extremely short horizontal ribs, extreme micromelia with disproportionately short ovoid tibiae, and pre- and post-axial polydactyly. Microscopically, cartilage showed markedly stunted and disorganized endochondral ossification. Extraskeletal manifestations were hydrops, cleft lip, malformed larynx with hypoplastic epiglottis, pulmonary hypoplasia, glomerular and renal tubular cysts, ambiguous genitalia, pachygyria and small cerebellar vermis. Parental consanguinity supports the hypothesis of autosomal recessive inheritance of the condition.
Therapy with oral psoralen photochemotherapy (PUVA) and oral beta-carotene was compared in 29 patients with polymorphous light eruption. Complete remission occurred in 90% (9/10) of those treated with PUVA and in 32% (6/19) treated with beta-carotene. In the six patients who were treated in consecutive years with both modalities all had remissions with PUVA while only two had remissions with beta-carotene.
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Three uncommon idiopathic photodermatoses, refractory to other treatment, responded to oral psoralen photochemotherapy. Tow females with photosensitivity in association with atopy, one female with persistent light reaction following a systemic drug-induced photosensitivity and an elderly male with actinic reticuloid were treated.
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For the first time since Goeckerman suggested the therapeutic potential of tar photosensitization of psoriatic skin, this mechanism has been shown to the effective in treating generalized psoriasis vulgaris. Long treatment times, need for special high-intensity sources, the presence of skin pain, and absence of information about long-term effects makes this treatment impractical at present.
In rats, a secretin (Jorpes) intravenous infusion superimposed on an intracolonic sodium acetate perfusion elicits, with respect to control values, a significant depression of Na+ absorption (0.16 mEq./h-0.00 mEq./h.) and mucus secretion (230-40 mg.). When the hormone is superimposed upon an intracolonic infusion of acetic acid, mucus secretion is also significantly inhibited (790-340 mg.). The influence of secretin on organic anion movement was pH related. At pH values of 7.0, absorption was unchanged (0.34--0.33 mEq./h.), at pH values of 2.9, absorption was significantly reduced (0.67-0.41 mEq./h). The secretin impairment of colonic mucus secretion could influence the transport of watersoluble (Na+) and lipid soluble (acetic acid) substances, probably through changes at the "unstirred layer" level.
Anaplasma marginale, Babesia argentina and Babesia bigemina infected blood used as vaccines for immunization trials in Valle del Cauca, were preserved with 4 Molar Dimethyl-Sulfoxide (4M DMSO) and stored in liquid nitrogen (-196 degrees C). The effectivity of the vaccines was determined in 87 healthy calves utilizing serial 10-fold dilutions. The effects of dose, inoculation routes, time and temperature were determined. The minimum infective dose for A. marginale was 10(-3) (2 x 10(6)) when 2 ml of vaccine were given intravenously (i.v.). The same dose when given subcutaneously (s.c.) was not infective. The 10(-2) dilution (2 x 10(7)) was infective when given through both routes, however, the incubation periods were statistically different. The average incubation period using 2 ml s.c. was 30 days, but when the dose was increased to 5 ml and given s.c. the average incubation period decreased to 22 days. The minimum infective doses for b. bigemina and B. argentina were 10(-1) dilutions (4 x 10(-7)) and 10(-2) (4 x 16(6)) respectively, when 2 ml of vaccines were injected i.v.. Infectivity was also recorded when Babesia spp. vaccines were injected s.c. at dosages of 5 ml of dilution 10(-1) (1 x 10(-8)).
The paracellular pathway permeability is known to increase in perfused amphibian kidneys if the luminal fluid is made hyperosmotic with mannitol or urea. To investigate whether luminal hypertonicity increases paracellular pathway permeability in the mammalian nephron, early rat distal tubules were micropunctured and perfused through one micropipette with either isosmotic saline (IS), hyperosmotic urea (HU) or hyperosmotic mannitol (HM) solutions. A second micropipette was placed down-stream in the same tubule and test solutions of 30 nl of a mixture of 14C-inulin and 3H-mannitol or of 3H-inulin and 14C-urea were injected. Similar intratubular injections of tracers were performed in a second group of rats undergoing diuresis induced either by infusing intravenously saline alone (VS) or receiving saline plus 0.4 M urea (VU). In the latter group (VU) luminal urea concentration was increased without the tubular lumen being made hyperosmotic to its peritubular fluid. Urinary unulin recovery was essentially complete and unaffected by experimental procedures. Difference between mannitol recoveries in isosmotic saline and hyperosmotic urea perfusions IS-HU was 2.6 +/- 0.8% (P less than 0.001). Difference in urea recoveries IS-HM was 4.1 +/- 5.1% (P greater than 0.40), IS-HU was 13.9 +/- 5.3% (P equal to 0.015) and, VS-VU equal to 17.0 +/- 3.4 (P less than 0.001). Therefore, elevated luminal urea concentration increased tracer mannitol and also tracer urea permeability, both in the presence and absence of tubular hyperosmolarity. Electron microscopic observations showed changes in geometry of tubular junctional complexes compatible with the observed increase in permeability.
Evidence is presented for an extra-adrenal effect of ACTH and ACTH analogs on muscle action potentials (APs), contractions and fatigue in in situ experiments. ACTH, alphaMSH, betaMSH and ACTH 4-10 increase the amplitude of APs and contractions and decrease fatigue in intact, hypophysectomized and in adrenalectomized rats, subjected to repetitive indirect stimulation (supermaximal strength, 5/sec or 10/sec for 30 min). Elevation of endogenous ACTH resulting from adrenalectomy or cold stress, or both, has the same effect as ACTH administration. ACTH peptides are most effective in depressed physiological conditions e.g. following hypophysectomy. As the effect of ACTH 4-10 is abolished after section of the motor nerve, it is inferred that this peptide may affect central motor neurons. Preliminary observations from clinical studies with ACTH 4-10 in patients with muscle disease, in whom a pathological decline in amplitude of a short series of evoked muscle APs was prevented by peptide administration, also indicate a possible action of this peptide on central nervous system neurons.