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Biomedical subjects

E Gomez

Publications and source records attributed to E Gomez.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Computed tomography in acute alcoholic myopathy.

We describe a case of acute alcoholic myopathy evaluated by computed tomography. Computed tomography showed a low-density, delimited area in the semimembranous muscle and edema of the subcutaneous cell tissue, permitting determination of the extent of the disease and its localization for purposes of biopsy and fasciotomy of the affected muscle.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Relationship between antropyloric and intestinal motility and duodenogastric reflux in fasting dogs.

Duodenogastric reflux was studied in fasting dogs with gastric and duodenal cannulae, by means of recovery from the gastric cannula of phenol red infused into the duodenum and bile acids recovered from the gastric cannula. Simultaneously, antropyloric and intestinal motility was studied in order to establish a relationship between motility and duodenogastric reflux. A different pattern of duodenogastric reflux was observed, depending on the method utilized. While a significantly higher reflux was observed during phase II in bile acid studies, an irregular pattern not related to the different phases of the interdigestive motor complex was observed in experiments with phenol red. Antral motility estimated by an antral motility index showed a statistically significant correlation with DGR estimated by both methods. Pyloric pressure and intestinal motility did not show a correlation with DGR. We concluded that the results obtained in studying duodenogastric reflux depend on the method used. The main factor related to increased duodenogastric reflux was the decreased antral motility.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

The effect of nedocromil sodium on nasal provocation with allergen.

We have investigated the effect of nedocromil sodium in preventing the symptoms of rhinitis occurring immediately after allergen provocation in 10 patients with allergic rhinitis. The study had a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover design. Nedocromil sodium (1% w/v) and placebo were administered intranasally from identical metered-dose inhalers 20 minutes before allergen provocation. Three variables were measured: nasal airway resistance, the production of secretion, and the number of sneezes. Nedocromil sodium was significantly more effective than placebo in preventing nasal obstruction (p less than 0.01), rhinorrhea (p less than 0.01), and sneezing (p less than 0.05), suggesting that this drug may be useful in the treatment of allergic rhinitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Changes in nasal mast cell numbers in and out of the pollen season.

Mast cells were counted in biopsies of the nasal mucous membrane from 8 patients with allergic rhinitis during (July 1985) and after (October 1985 and January 1986) the grass pollen season in both the superficial epithelium and the deeper lamina propria. There was an eightfold increase in the total number of mast cells in the nasal mucous membrane during the grass pollen season when compared to midwinter. In addition, there was a striking change in the number of mast cells present in the surface epithelial layer from almost total absence in biopsies taken in midwinter to counts of between 2,000 and 28,000/mm3 in all but 1 patient during the summer.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Histochemical and functional characteristics of the human nasal mast cell.

It is currently accepted that mast cell heterogeneity occurs not only in different species but also within the same organ in the same species. This study demonstrates that the majority of mast cells in the human nasal mucosa of non-atopic non-rhinitic subjects do not stain after fixation with 10% buffered formol saline and, although they stain with alcian blue, they do not counterstain with safranine O, indicating that nasal mast cells may contain a proteoglycan other than heparin. Further, mast cells in the nasal mucosa are essentially unaffected by the polyamine compound 48/80, indicating that they are functionally dissimilar to the connective tissue type mast cells exemplified by those present in the rat tongue.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Direct in vivo evidence for mast cell degranulation during allergen-induced reactions in man.

There is little or no direct in vivo evidence in man to support the involvement of mast cell-mediator release in the pathogenesis of immediate allergic reactions. We have performed a within-subject controlled study to determine the changes that occur in nasal mast cells during allergen-induced rhinitis. Twelve subjects with asymptomatic rhinitis were studied. Nasal biopsy specimens were obtained from each subject after a control solution (isotonic saline, 0.9% w/v) had been nebulized into one nostril and allergen solution (freeze-dried allergen extract reconstituted with isotonic saline) into the other. The tissues obtained were fixed in Carnoy's solution and stained with the alpha-naphthol AS-D chloroacetate esterase reaction (N AS-D CA ER). Mast cells were counted under light microscopy in the epithelium and lamina propria, and the integrity of each cell was assessed. No significant differences were found in the number of epithelial or lamina propria mast cells in biopsy specimens obtained after saline or allergen administration. However, the number of degranulated mast cells after allergen provocation (89%) was significantly greater than after instillation of control solution (15%) (p = 0.003). Changes of mast cell degranulation after allergen provocation were confirmed by electron microscopy. In six nonatopic, control subjects without rhinitis, there was no significant difference between the percentages of degranulated mast cells after allergen provocation (25.8%) and instillation of saline (24.3%). This study provides direct in vivo evidence for allergen-induced mast cell activation in man.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Continuous recording of pyloric sphincter pressure in dogs. Relationship to migratory motor complex.

Antral, pyloric, and small bowel intraluminal pressures were continuously recorded in dogs with gastric and duodenal cannulae. A cyclic phasic activity related to fasting motility in the antrum and small bowel was observed at the level of the pylorus. During phase I of the interdigestive motility complex, manometry was characterized by pressure variations of 31 +/- 2 cm H2O. During phase II, two type of waves were observed: small waves similar to those seen during phase I, with superimposed waves of higher amplitude (89 +/- 1.9 cm H2O). Pyloric pressure during phase III, showed a predominance of waves of even greater amplitude: 103 +/- 3.9 cm H2O. A basal tone of 65.6 +/- 3.2 cm H2O above the duodenal pressure was recorded throughout the period of study; but during phase III, frequent decreases in basal pressure were also observed. This relaxation of the pylorus during phase III of the IDMC may be related to the mechanism for size discrimination of particles leaving the stomach at the gastroduodenal junction.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Cholecystoduodenal fistula.

An elderly woman with a history of cholelithiasis was seen for right upper quadrant pain and jaundice. During her evaluation, she was found to have extensive choledocholithiasis and a cholecystoduodenal fistula. Successful management was accomplished with cholecystectomy, removal of the common bile duct stones, and by creating a choledochoduodenostomy where the fistula had been present.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

A placebo-controlled multicenter trial of Limbitrol versus its components (amitriptyline and chlordiazepoxide) in the symptomatic treatment of depressive illness.

In a multicenter, placebo-controlled, clinical trial, the efficacy of Limbitrol was compared with that of its components, amitriptyline and chlordiazepoxide. All patients had a diagnosis of primary depression. Data from 279 patients were evaluated using the Hamilton depression scale, the Beck depression inventory, and physician and patient global change measures. Statistically significant differences favoring Limbitrol occurred after 1 week of treatment, and a trend in favor of Limbitrol continued throughout the remaining 3 weeks. In most efficacy comparisons, the combination was as good as, or better than, amitriptyline alone. It was superior to chlordiazepoxide alone after 2 and 4 weeks of treatment. Each component produced an independent contribution to the total therapeutic effect: the chlordiazepoxide effect was more prominent in the first 2 weeks and the amitriptyline effect in the latter 2 weeks. A trend favoring amitriptyline over chlordiazepoxide was evident by week 4. The overall incidence of side effects was comparable in both Limbitrol- and amitriptyline-treated groups. Limbitrol-treated patients exhibited more sedation, but significantly fewer Limbitrol patients discontinued treatment prematurely because of side effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Serum-cholesterol-binding reserve in patients with the nephrotic syndrome.

Hyperlipidemia and premature atherosclerosis are known metabolic complications in patients with the nephrotic syndrome. In this study, we have measured serum levels of cholesterol, triglycerides and serum-cholesterol-binding reserve (SCBR) in 22 patients (14 men, 8 women) with the nephrotic syndrome and in 21 hyperlipidemic men who served as control subjects. Serum cholesterol levels were higher (p less than 0.005) in patients when compared to those of controls while triglyceride levels did not differ significantly between the groups. SCBR levels were lower (p less than 0.001) in the nephrotic subjects. The abnormally low SCBR values may be an important risk factor for atheroclerosis as suggested by previous studies in patients surviving premature myocardial infarction.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Treatment of methadone withdrawal with cerebral electrotherapy (electrosleep).

The use of cerebral electrotherapy (CET) in methadone detoxification was studied in 28 patients. Fourteen patients received active CET; the other 14 acted as controls and received either stimulated CET or only methadone detoxification therapy. One patient dropped out of the study. The Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale and the Hamilton Anxiety Scale were administered before and after the study period. Nine of the patients receiving active CET were drug-free by the end of 8 to 10 days, and all experienced a marked reduction of their symptoms; the control group did not show significant changes. CET was clearly beneficial in the treatment of patients undergoing methadone withdrawal.

Adolescent↗