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Biomedical subjects

E Ginter

Publications and source records attributed to E Ginter.

207 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of accelerations, hypergravity and hypokinesia on protein metabolism in Japanese quail. I. Effect on muscle composition].

The effect of hypokinesia, hypergravity achieved by centrifugation and additional weight load on the content and composition of proteins and nucleic acids in the chest and pelvic muscles of four groups of quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) was studied. The first group was used as controls, the second included hypokinetic birds, the third was made of birds with an additional weight load (the load was a double weight of the animal) and the fourth group included birds exposed to acceleration of 3 g. The birds were exposed to the above effects for 1 to 6 hours during 8 days. They were given identical food through forced feeding. The content of total proteins, sarcoplasmatic proteins, DNA and RNA, cholesterol and esterified fatty acids was measured in chest and pelvic muscles. The composition of total lipids was examined in pelvic muscles. The level of corticosterone was determined in the blood plasma. The above experimental variants made it possible to discriminate individual contributions of acceleration, additional weight load and hypo-inesia to the effect. Weight load and acceleration decreased and hypokinesia increased the content of total proteins in the pelvic muscles. During an exposure to acceleration and hypokinesia the content and the portion of sarcoplasmatic proteins decreased and during an exposure to weight load increased significantly. Acceleration did not exert a significant effect on the RNA and DNA content in muscles. The content of esterified fatty acids increased under the influence of acceleration and hypokinesia and decreased significantly under the influence of additional weight.

Acceleration↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus and isolated fungal polysaccharide on serum and liver lipids in Syrian hamsters with hyperlipoproteinemia.

In Syrian hamsters, a diet with 44% of the calories being fat and containing 52 mg cholesterol (C)/100 g induced an accumulation of blood plasma and liver C and triacylglycerol (TG). In these animals, we studied the effect of dried whole mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus, 2% in the diet, 6-mo experiment) and ethanol-insoluble residue and structurally defined fungal polysaccharide, both isolated from the mushroom (in both cases, 4% in the diet, 2-mo experiments) on C and TG concentration in serum and liver. Whole mushroom effectively retarded the increase in C and TG in both serum and liver throughout the experiment. The mushroom also reduced the content of all lipids in lipoproteins with densities of less than 1.006 to less than 1.063 g/ml. Very-low-density lipoproteins played a substantial role in the decrease (65-80%) in serum lipids. As a result, the lipoprotein concentration of the specified density classes was reduced by 45-60%, and the concentration of the serum lipoprotein pool was reduced by 40%. Neither the chemical composition of high-density lipoproteins nor their serum concentration was affected by the mushroom. Ethanol-insoluble mushroom residue did not significantly affect serum lipid levels, but it reduced liver TG content. Fungal polysaccharide lowered the C content in serum and liver.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ascorbic acid in cholesterol metabolism and in detoxification of xenobiotic substances: problem of optimum vitamin C intake.

There are extreme contradictions in the question of an optimum intake of vitamin C. The Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) in the USA, Great Britain, and many other countries range from 30 to 60mg for an adult man or woman, whereas the proponents of megadoses recommend as much as 18,000mg per day. Critical opinions against both the official RDA and the hypothesis of megadoses are summarized. Ideal RDA should be based on studies with increasing vitamin C doses in which the efficiency of the ascorbate-dependent systems would be correlated with the vitamin C concentration in the target tissues. On the basis of correlations of the hepatic vitamin C levels in guinea pigs with the rate of cholesterol degradation and the activity of microsomal detoxification systems, it is suggested that such intake of ascorbic acid is optimum that ensures a maximum body pool and maximum steady-state levels of vitamin C in the tissues. It is probable that in healthy adults, such a dose ranges from 100 to 200mg and that in stress conditions, it exceeds 200mg per day.

Animals↗