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Biomedical subjects

E Gallo

Publications and source records attributed to E Gallo.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

MACOP-B treatment for advanced stage diffuse large cell lymphoma: a multicenter Italian Study.

Seventy-one patients with advanced stage diffuse large cell lymphoma were treated with MACOP-B. Sixty-nine per cent of patients achieved a complete response (CR), 10% a partial remission, while 11% had no response and 10% died because of toxicity. The CR rate was adversely affected by immunoblastic type, poor performance status and bone marrow involvement. Two-year survival for all 71 patients was 55% and 2-year disease-free survival (DFS) for the 49 CRs was 73%. Relapses were lower (P less than 0.05) in patients achieving CR in 8 weeks or less (DFS 83% vs. 59%) and in patients without tumor bulk (DFS 87% vs. 54%). Overall toxicity was acceptable with mucositis proving to be the most frequent severe side-effect. However, treatment-related deaths were unacceptably high in patients over 59 years of age (30% vs. 7%). Thus for the elderly MACOP-B is potentially lethal and must be used cautiously. These preliminary results confirm the effectiveness of MACOP-B. The delay of response and/or the presence of tumor bulk may be important prognostic factors in identifying a subset of poor risk patients with a high incidence of relapse.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor requires interaction with accessory cells or granulocyte-colony stimulating factor for full stimulation of human myeloid progenitors.

Human recombinant GM-CSF (rGM-CSF) was tested on highly purified and fractionated CFU-GM subsets. The fractionation was performed with the DS1-1 monoclonal antibody (MoAb), which distinguishes early and late CFU-GM. On whole bone marrow cells, rGM-CSF had a colony-stimulating activity comparable to that of known sources of CSFs, ie, the supernatant (SN) of TPA 30-1 or 5637 cell lines, used as control. A greatly reduced activity was observed when CFU-GM were depleted of phagocytizing and E rosetting cells (colony growth of 27% as compared with control). On fractionated CFU-GM, the rGM-CSF activity was even more reduced on both early and late progenitors (18% and 6% of colony growth, respectively). However, when rGM-CSF was used together with rG-CSF at suboptimal concentrations, the colony growth reached values analogous to that of control cultures. A synergistic interaction between rGM-CSF and rG-CSF in stimulating either early or late myeloid progenitors was observed. The results suggest that the activity of rGM-CSF on CFU-GM is mainly exerted through cooperation with accessory cells. r-G-CSF is one of the factors that can synergistically cooperate with r-GM-CSF in the myelopoietic stimulation.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1989

[A preliminary communication on the possibility of the differential diagnosis of breast nodules by Doppler ultrasonography].

The diagnostic possibilities of Doppler velocimetry with spectral analysis have been assessed in the diagnosis of benign and malignant breast cancers. The study considers 18 patients with mammary nodules. The data obtained with Doppler velocimetry are compared with those of mammographic, cytological and histopathological studies. Although statistically insignificant owing to the small series examined, the results suggest that the technique is highly reliable.

Breast↗
PubMed1989

[The effect of cholecystectomy intervention on the symptomatology in patients with biliary lithiasis].

A series of 298 patients subjected to cholecystectomy ten or more years after surgery is considered. The symptoms of operated patients were analysed clinically so as to establish the possibility that surgery might resolve the symptomatology that had brought the patient to the operation. After profound analysis of the symptomatological variations observed, it is concluded that the dyspeptic syndrome so frequently reported by the patients examined is connected with lithiasic disease and that the operation has different effects on the different symptoms considered.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Monoclonal antibody purging and autologous bone marrow transplantation in acute myelogenous leukemia in complete remission.

A mouse monoclonal antibody (S4-7) reacting with human myelomonocytic cells has been previously shown to be suitable for bone marrow purging in selected acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) patients with S4-7 positive leukemic clonogenic cells at diagnosis. The results obtained in seven AML patients who underwent such a treatment, followed by autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT), are now reported. Six patients underwent ABMT in first complete remission (CR), one in second CR, after BAVC conditioning regimen. One patient died of infection 1 month after ABMT; in the other six a complete recovery of hemopoiesis was observed. In spite of S4-7 reactivity with normal myelomonocytic cells, a prompt recovery of granulopoiesis was however observed both in in vitro liquid culture and in vivo with a median time of 20 days to reach granulocyte values of 500 x 10(6)/l. The patient transplanted in 2nd CR relapsed 3 months after ABMT. Of the five evaluable patients transplanted in 1st CR, two relapsed 8 and 9 months post-ABMT while three remain in continuous CR at 35, 47, 57 months. Leukemic cells of two of the three patients with recurrent disease were studied at relapse and in both could be detected a significant percentage of S4-7 negative cells, detectable neither at diagnosis nor (one patient) at the time of first relapse after standard chemotherapy.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1988

[Blood copper levels in a group of patients with asbestosis].

Colorimetry was used to assay blood copper levels in 13 asbestosis patients (mean age 55.5) selected by excluding all cases with an evident clinical anamnesis of dietary imbalances or other significant pathologies. The results show increased blood copper in 11 out of 13 patients, the mean level in this group being significantly higher than that in a control group (p less than 0.01). The phenomenon, already described in other interstitial lung diseases, may well be attributable to enhanced reabsorption of the metal due to the intensified activity of a copper enzyme lysyl oxidase that is involved in collagen synthesis.

Asbestosis↗
PubMed1988

Immunological separation of two CFU-GM subsets showing different responsiveness to T-cell derived growth factors.

Among human myeloid precursors two different subpopulations can be distinguished: type-2 CFU-GM, more differentiated, reacting to the monoclonal antibody DSl-1 and type-1 CFU-GM, more immature, negative to the DSl-1. Using this monoclonal antibody, type-1 and type-2 CFU-GM were fractionated and separately grown in the presence of T-cell derived CSFs, i.e., conditioned medium of PHA-stimulated T-lymphocytes (PHA-Ly) and the supernatant of Il-2-dependent normal T-cell lines (TC-SN). The supernatants of two neoplastic non-T cell lines, TPA-30-1 and GCT, were used as control. PHA-Ly and TC-SN had a very weak activity on type-2 CFU-GM (18 and 14% of colony growth, compared to control). However, they potently stimulated type-1 CFU-GM (84 and 68.5% of colony growth, compared to control). The restricted activity of T-cell derived CSFs on early myeloid progenitors is therefore demonstrated. Our results also show that CFU-GM with different responsiveness to growth factors can be physically separated on the basis of their reactivity to monoclonal antibody DSl-1.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1988

[Platelet aggregation in whole blood and prostacyclin in hyperlipemia types II and IV].

Platelets play an essential role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Prostacyclin is a strong physiological inhibitor of platelets aggregation; prostacyclin indeed is involved in the regulation of platelet interactions with vessel walls and is considered to play a major role in the homeostatic balance. The impedance aggregometry allows the evaluation of platelet aggregation in whole blood. We valued platelet aggregation in whole blood induced by ADP (10 microM) in 40 healthy subjects and in 40 type II and type IV hyperlipemic subjects. Meanwhile by radioimmunoassay we dosed 6-keto PGF1 alpha, a stable product of prostacyclin, in 7 healthy subjects and in 33 hyperlipemic subjects. The statistical investigation put in evidence that at higher plasmatic levels of cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL correspond a greater platelet sensitivity to the aggregating agent, while the opposite happens to higher levels of HDL. The dosage of 6-keto PGF1 alpha put in evidence an increase of this substance in hyperlipemic as to healthy subjects, probably as an answer to augmented platelet aggregation.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Skin reactions with ubiquitous multiple antigens as a test of survival in patients with inoperable bronchogenic carcinoma].

Fifty-three patients suffering from inoperable, non-microcytoma, bronchogenic carcinoma in which a skin reaction with ubiquitous antigens (tetanus, diphtheria, streptococcus, tuberculin, proteus, tricophyton, candida) had been carried out were followed up to check on the possible relationship between skin reactivity and survival period. A significant correlation was found between the degree of positivity and duration of survival, with mean survival values greater than 69.1 weeks being observed in patients positive to five or more antigens. Among preliminary tests, it would therefore appear that skin reaction with ubiquitous may provide indications for predicting survival.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Trophoblast cell line conditioned medium for in vitro culture and antigenic characterization of acute myeloid leukemia clonogenic cells.

The colony-stimulating factor-containing supernatant of the human trophoblast cell line TPA-30-1 was used to stimulate in vitro growth of acute myeloid leukemia clonogenic cells from 54 patients. Prevalent colony growth (10-greater than 1000) was observed in 63% of cases. In 31% clusters and a few colonies (1-9/1 x 10(5) plated cells) were scored. Neither colonies nor clusters could be detected in the remaining 6%. The best growth was observed in subtype M5 (8 of 9 cases, 89%). Morphological examination and recloning tests suggested that the colonies originated from leukemic progenitors. TPA-30-1 supernatant stimulation can therefore be compared with that of phytohemagglutinin or phytohemagglutinin-leukocyte-conditioned medium. In addition it does not require T-lymphocyte removal and batch screening. Extension of the culture for antigenic characterization of acute myeloid leukemia clonogenic cells to more patients than in a previous study confirmed the existence of a subgroup (39%) of patients whose acute myeloid leukemia clonogenic cells constantly expressed late myeloid differentiation antigens recognized by the monoclonal antibody S4-7. Since S4-7 spares early normal hemopoietic progenitors, this subgroup (54% M2) can be considered as candidates for autologous bone marrow transplantation after in vitro purging with S4-7 monoclonal antibody and complement.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1987

[Urinary NAG activity and diabetic microangiopathy].

The behaviour of urinary NAG was monitored in diabetic patients some of whom presented more or less severe vascular alterations. The results showed a relationship between urinary NAG levels and the severity of the vascular condition (in fact the greatest NAG activity was found in patients with overt kidney damage). NAG may therefore reveal the existence of a vascular nephropathy that is still too slight to be identified by the standard non-invasive clinical examinations.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1987

[Hemorrheologic disorders of red cells in subjects at risk for atherosclerosis].

Cigarette smoking, hypercholesterolaemia, hypertriglyceridaemia, are all known risk factors for atherosclerotic vascular lesions. Often they are associated with alterations mainly due to increased haematocrit (smoking) or to the influence of triglycerides and cholesterol on the erythrocyte membrane or plasma viscosity. In order to eliminate these factors, washed red blood cells, poor in leucocytes and platelets, in a suspension with phosphate saline buffer were studied. 20 heavy smokers, 40 patients with hyperlipidaemia (26 II a or b; 14 IV) and 50 healthy people were considered. Red blood cell viscosity was calculated at 4 shear rate between 0.37 and 69.5 sec-1. Red blood cell deformability, as an indicator of cell filtration through Nucleopore membranes was also studied. There was no difference in the filtration index among the subjects under study. Red blood cell viscosity increased in smokers and in patients with hyperlipidaemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Increase in erythrocyte and plasma viscosity in patients with atherosclerotic vasculopathy of different sites].

Peripheral atherosclerotic arteriopathies are characterised by increased blood viscosity and, according to some, by a reduction in red blood cell deformability. Red blood cell viscosity was studied in 40 atherosclerosic patients (14 carotid and 26 aortoiliacofemoral lesions). All patients were subjected to the standard diagnostic examination (Doppler velocimetry, etc.). Fifty healthy non-smokers of the same sex and 20 heavy smokers were studied as controls. The viscosity of the whole blood, and plasma and blood fibrinogen were assayed. In studying erythrocyte viscosity, cells poor in leucocytes and platelets suspended in a saline phosphate buffer were employed. The atherosclerotic patients presented significantly higher mean levels of erythrocyte viscosity (p less than 0.01) and the increase in plasma viscosity and blood fibrinogen was also statistically significant. The viscosity of the whole blood was also increased in these patients (p less than 0.001). The increase in blood viscosity in subjects with peripheral arteriopathies therefore appears to be attributable to the plasma and to rheological alterations in the red blood cells.

Adult↗