Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to E G Birman.
An unusual case of a newborn with 12 erupted teeth is presented. Epidemiological, etiological, and therapeutical aspects of this developmental disturbance of dentition is reviewed in order to establish guidelines for the dentist and neonatologist to manage this problem with minimal damage to the future teeth and the patient.
The authors studied the oral manifestations of a sample of 70 diabetic patients, divided into controlled and uncontrolled patients. Medical history and stomatological data were analyzed and diabetic controlled patients were matched to uncontrolled patients. The main symptoms observed were hyposalivation, taste alterations and burning mouth, with the main sign being parotid enlargement. The lesions observed were candidosis of the erythematous type and proliferative lesions both associated to the use of total prosthesis. No pathognomic lesions or alterations could be observed in relation to the disease. The frequency of carriers of Candida albicans and also the lesions observed could be compared to normal patients also using total dentures.
The Papillomaviruses are DNA viruses which belong to the Papova family, having a great affinity for epithelial tissue. They can produce proliferative lesions either in the skin or mucosa, in man and other animals. Various kinds of lesions, mainly benign, are caused by numerous types of HPV involving the well-known verruca vulgaris, oral papilloma, condiloma acuminatum and the focal epithelial hyperplasia, as well as a possible association with other alterations and lesions.
The yeasts of patients with oral cancer has been studied before and during Xr-therapy. Gram and PAS smears revealed an increase of yeast-like structures, during treatment, from 56% to 66% of the cases. Before radiotherapy oral yeasts were isolated from 56% of the patients with cancer represented by Candida albicans (30%); C. tropicalis (12%); C. glabrata and C. krusei (4%), besides six other different species (2%). During radiotherapy yeasts were isolated in 72% of the cases, as follow: C. albicans (36%); C. tropicalis (16%); Rhodotorula rubra (6%); C. kefyr; C. krusei and Pichia farinosa (4%), besides other nine species (2%). C. albicans serotype A represented 93% of the isolated samples, before treatment and 88.8% during Xr-therapy.
In a postmortem study, the authors examined 50 tongue specimens from old people, in order to detect amyloid deposits. No single case could be detected.
The inoculation of live or dead BCG into the pocket formed by the insertion of glass coverslips into the subcutaneous tissue of mice caused a drastic reduction of giant cell formation on the glass surface. Conversely, when carrageenan was used, the number of polykaria increased. Live BCG also induced a decrease in the number of giant cell nuclei, whereas killed bacteria had no effect. In contrast, carrageenan caused the opposite phenomenon. The transformation of foreign body giant cells into Langhans type cells was almost blocked in the presence of live BCG. These data support the concept that inflammatory giant cell formation depends on the rate of macrophage turnover within the lesion.
Round glass coverslips were implanted in the subcutaneous tissue of mice previously immunized to sheep red cells (SRBC) and the same antigen injected into the pocket where the coverslip lay. It was shown that when mice received a prior dose of cyclophosphamide (Cy) the number of macrophages adherent to the glass increased, they showed more pre-mitotic DNA synthesis and were more phagocytic via their Fc and C3b surface receptors. However, when BCG was inoculated into similar coverslips pockets in mice not previously sensitized to BCG but pre-treated with Cy, the number of macrophages on the glass surface fell and their phagocytic potential decreased compared with non-Cy-treated controls. When BCG was inoculated into the peritoneal cavity of mice, Cy treatment induced a significant increase in the number of lesions in the peritoneal cavity compared with non-Cy treated controls. When BCG was injected into the footpad of mice it was clear that pre-treatment with Cy abolished the increase in foot volume otherwise seen at 24 hr but led to a sustained increase in volume which reached a peak on day 6. However, when Cy was given to the mice 5 days after BCG injection the course of the response was not altered. It is concluded that treatment with Cy before an inflammatory stimulus with an immunological component, modifies macrophage function and granuloma development. Differential effects of Cy on various components of the immune response are thought to be its most likely explanation.
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