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E G Ball

Publications and source records attributed to E G Ball.

27 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1961

Studies on the respiratory enzymes of the adrenal gland. I. The medulla.

In contrast to the thoroughness with which the respiratory enzymes of such tissues as heart muscle and liver have been studied, information concerning these enzymes in the adrenal gland is scant. Such information as is available suggests that an unusual pattern for the cytochromes exists in this tissue. Cohen and Elvehjem (2) commented on the "peculiar cytochrome spectrum"of the adrenal medulla of the cow. They concluded that a very strong cytochrome c component was present, and that cytochrome a and 6 were absent. Huszák (3) noted that the adrenal cortex possessed a nearly normal cytochrome pattern. In the medulla he could observe no cytochrome a or c bands, but reported a strong band in the region of 559 rnp which he attributed to cytochrome 5. Since Huszák could demonstrate no cytochrome oxidase activity in the medulla, he felt that oxidation of substrates proceeded by way of a peroxidative mechanism. Tsou (4), on the other hand, was able to demonstrate cytochrome oxidase activity in the medulla, but little if any cytochrome c. He observed the presence of a strong band at 561 millimicron which was referred to as cytochrome b. In view of these divergent conclusions and in the light of newer methods and knowledge, it seemed worth-while to reinvestigate some of the oxidative pathways in the adrenal gland. The present study deals with the adrenal medulla, and an accompanying paper deals with the cortex (5). It will be shown here that the adrenal medulla contains the regular mitochondrial cytochrome system. In addition, this tissue contains a hemochromogen which is apparently microsomal in origin and is abundantly present in the epinephrine-containing granules. The presence in the medulla of the enzymes succinate dehydrogenase,reduced di- and triphosphopyridine nucleotide-cytochrome c reductase,and transhydrogenase is also demonstrated.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1961

Studies on respiratory enzymes of the adrenal gland. II. The cortex.

On the basis of his observations with the hand spectroscope, Huszák (1) stated that the adrenal cortex contained cytochromes c, b, and a + a3, as well as an unknown cytochrome absorbing between cytochromes b and c. The present study has attempted to define both the cytochromes present in the beef adrenal cortex, as well as their distribution among the cell fractions. It confirms the presence of cytochromes c, b, and a + a3, and indicates the likelihood that cytochrome cl is the unknown cytochrome mentioned by Huszák. All of these cytochromes are present in the cortical mitochondria, and it has not been possible to demonstrate the presence of a microsomal cytochrome in the cortex such as is present in the microsomes of liver (2) or of the adrenal medulla (3). A survey has also been made of several of the respiratory enzymes of the cortex. Similar to what has already been reported for the adrenal medulla (3), it showed that the enzymes responsible for the transfer of electrons to O2 from reduced triphosphopyridine nucleotide are of much lower activity than those responsible for the production of this reduced coenzyme. Such a relationship is fitting in view of the synthetic requirements for reduced triphosphopyridine nucleotide in the various hydroxylation steps of steroid biosynthesis (4, 5).

Adrenal Cortex↗