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Biomedical subjects

E Friedman

Publications and source records attributed to E Friedman.

At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

On the origin of the serotonergic input to the intermediate lobe of the rat pituitary.

Serotonin-containing nerve fibers have been visualized immunocytochemically in the intermediate lobe of the rat pituitary. A 50% depletion of the serotonin level in the intermediate lobe was obtained in our previous experiment in rats with pituitary stalk transection, which may represent the total neuronally derived serotonin there. In the present studies we have attempted to determine the source of these fibers by examining the effect of hypothalamic and midbrain lesions or fiber transections on serotonin levels and serotonin-containing neuronal elements. Complete hypothalamic deafferentation resulted in a significant reduction of immunostained fibers in the intermediate lobe. A 27% fall in the serotonin content (measured by HPLC and electrochemical detection) and a significant disappearance of immunostained fibers were observed after transecting the ascending fibers from the raphe nuclei towards the hypothalamus. The transection combined with the lesioning of the hypothalamic dorsomedial nuclei resulted in a 50% decrease of serotonin level in the intermediate lobe. The present data therefore suggest that serotonin fibers in the intermediate lobe may originate from cells both in the midbrain raphe and hypothalamic dorsomedial nuclei.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Folic acid therapy in the fragile X syndrome.

Two brothers with fra(X) positive X-linked mental retardation (XLMR) were treated with folic acid. Initially a double blind cross-over design was employed followed by a long-term high dose trial. A decrease in the frequency of fra(X) positive cells was observed when low folic acid culture medium was used but not when an FUdR induction system was employed. Selected behavioral characteristics improved in both while receiving folic acid. Decreased hyperactivity, greater attention span, increased motor coordination, increased quantity and quality of speech were noted. Improvement in Leiter mental age and regression after cessation of treatment was seen in one subject but not in the other. Further controlled trials with larger numbers of subjects using high doses of folic acid over longer periods of time are needed to assess the possible benefits of this experimental form of treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Impaired immune regulation in children and adolescents with hemophilia and thalassemia in Israel.

The immune function was assessed in 22 children, adolescents and young adults with asymptomatic hemophilia, and 15 with thalassemia, in Israel. Five patients with hemophilia and two with thalassemia were found to be severely abnormal, having cutaneous anergy, very low T-helper cells, elevated T-suppressor cells, inverted T-helper/suppressor ratio, reduced response to mitogens and antigens, and nonfunctional NK cells. Four of the five hemophilia patients exhibited profound lymphopenia also. Decreased T-helper and mildly elevated T-suppressor cells with inverted T4/T8 ratio were observed in the hemophiliacs as a group. In the severe group, the reduction in T-helpers and T4/T8 ratio was more pronounced. The thalassemics as a group were found to have increased numbers of T-suppressor cells with decreased T-helper cells in those with intact spleen only. Both groups studied were found to have elevated IgG levels and low natural killer (NK) activity and normal response to mitogens. Cutaneous anergy was found to be a reliable indication for severe T-cell dysfunction and may serve as an early indication of impending AIDS. These results indicate that patients with hemophilia and with heavily hypertransfused thalassemia may be at increased risk of AIDS as they approach adolescence.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1984

Thyroglobulin secretion by human thyroid cells after monolayer culture--comparison of normal and adenomatous cells.

We have analysed immunoassayable thyroglobulin (hTg) secretion from both normal and abnormal isolated human thyroid cells after short-term monolayer culture. All cells were sensitive to more than 10 microU/ml bTSH when assessed by intracellular cyclic AMP accumulation in the presence of a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. hTg release was stimulated in all cells by bTSH in a dose related manner and with a detectable response within 24 h. Basal hTg secretion rates were greater in cells derived from benign follicular adenomata (range 1.1-2.2 ng/10(5) cells/h, n = 4) than in normal human thyroid cells (range 0.1-0.65 ng). Therefore it appears likely that hTg secretion by adenomatous thyroid cells was a likely contributor to increased serum hTg in patients with single follicular adenomata. We conclude that simple human thyroid cell monolayers have potential for the further study of hTg secretion and its control by TSH.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1984

Effect of immobilization stress on rat pineal beta-adrenergic receptor-mediated function.

The results of this investigation indicate that stress produced by immobilization alters rat pineal function. Chronic stress reduced the density of pineal beta-adrenergic receptors and the activities of the intracellular enzyme serotonin N-acetyltransferase (NAT), its product N-acetylserotonin (NAS), and the pineal hormone melatonin, which was measured during the dark phase of the diurnal lighting cycle. Removal of the adrenal medulla did not prevent the reduction of pineal beta-adrenergic receptor binding sites that is observed after chronic stress. Acute immobilization stress suppressed the dark-induced elevations of pineal NAT activity and NAS levels 10 h after the stress session without altering pineal beta-adrenergic receptor binding. Although the precise mechanisms responsible for these effects are not completely clear, the results indicate that they are related to changes in sympathetic neuronal activity and not mediated by stress-induced elevations in plasma catecholamines.

Acetyltransferases↗
PubMed1984

Growth and puberty arrest due to prolactinoma.

A 13-year-old male with prolactin secreting pituitary tumor is described. The unusual features were arrested puberty and growth. Previously reported pediatric patients with prolactinoma are reviewed. The importance of serum prolactin measurement and bromocriptine therapy is emphasized.

Adenoma, Chromophobe↗
PubMed1984

Rationing and the identified life.

Economics, patient characteristics, health status, and "objective" measures have served as rationing agents for diminishing health care resources. The big question, however, is whether the lessons of past restrictions on health care can be applied today- and should they?

Ethics, Medical↗
PubMed1984

Two tiers of care: the unthinkable meets the inevitable?

The controversy over whether or not it is acceptable to have multiple tiers of health care continues. In this article, industry leaders discuss the issues involved in the ongoing controversy, including the ability of the nation to provide a single level of care for all, the role of public hospitals in a multi-tiered system, and whether high-quality care can be preserved in such a system.

Health Services Accessibility↗