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E Fontana

Publications and source records attributed to E Fontana.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2026

Antibody-drug conjugates in selected solid tumours: a position statement update based on findings from the third workshop held by the ETOP IBCSG Partners Foundation.

The European Thoracic Oncology Platform (ETOP) International Breast Cancer Study Group (IBCSG) Partners Foundation initiated a series of workshops for experts to review current evidence and offer recommendations to guide future antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) research. Here, we summarise key findings from the third workshop, which included experts in various solid tumours, basic/translational research scientists and pharmaceutical industry representatives. Recent positive phase III trial data have further incorporated ADCs into the standard of care [e.g. lung: sacituzumab tirumotecan; breast: trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd), sacituzumab govitecan, datopotamab deruxtecan; muscle-invasive bladder cancer: enfortumab vedotin; ovarian cancer: mirvetuximab soravastine; cervical cancer: tisotumab vedotin]. Thus, research priorities must be tailored according to tumour type, potentially focussing initially on settings where ADCs could replace chemotherapy. Many phase III ADC trials have been initiated based on positive phase I data and although these trials are larger than those conducted historically, prespecified criteria (e.g. patient numbers and magnitude of efficacy) should be met to justify proceeding directly to phase III. Importantly, although several ADCs have been successfully developed without mandatory biomarker selection, biomarker-driven ADC development enables rational patient selection, as illustrated by multiple ADCs (e.g. T-DXd, mirvetuximab soravtansine and telisotuzumab vedotin). The identification, development and validation of predictive biomarkers are therefore essential, particularly given several critical nuances, including the algorithms used to assess biomarker status and the type of specimen analysed, all of which may be influenced by temporal and spatial heterogeneity. Additional ADC research priorities include the optimisation of ADC constructs to enhance efficacy/tolerability and the identification of reliable ADC targets, including work to elucidate attributes of already-identified targets. Finally, considering the vast amount of ADC-related data being generated, artificial intelligence could be leveraged to analyse combined datasets and generate composite biomarkers, including tumour histology, optimal target expression thresholds, molecular alterations and activated pathways affecting payload activity and target function, to accelerate research.

Humans↗
PubMed1992

Metabolic fate of FCE 22716, a new antihypertensive agent, and of its N-oxide (FCE 24220) in the rat.

[3H]-FCE 22716 and [3H]-FCE 24220 were given both orally and intravenously to the rat. Radioactivity was mainly eliminated by the faecal route after oral administration in both cases. After intravenous administration, renal excretion was twice the faecal one in the case of FCE 22716, whereas for FCE 24220 the two routes were equal. In urine FCE 22716 was eliminated almost completely unchanged after both oral and intravenous administration. FCE 24220 was extensively reduced to FCE 22716 after oral administration, whereas after intravenous treatment, this reduction, although important, was not complete.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1991

Sleep and benign partial epilepsies of childhood: EEG and evoked potentials study.

The electroclinical picture and nosological limits of benign partial epilepsy of childhood with rolandic spikes (BERS) have been better defined by nocturnal sleep records. In all stages of sleep, there is a significant increase in frequency and amplitude of rolandic spikes (RS) without change of their morphology. Another interesting observation is the appearance of independent spike foci in sleep, or brief subclinical spike wave discharges which are limited to the state of drowsiness. More recently, other types of partial epilepsy of childhood with benign evolution have been identified: (a) partial epilepsy with induced spike representing somatosensory evoked potentials; (b) benign psychomotor epilepsy; (c) partial epilepsy with occipital spike waves. In all these forms, the sleep records are essentially similar to those in BERS and have been very helpful in the nosological identification of these forms of epilepsy. For this reason, the sleep records of these special forms are truly informative for the clinician from the diagnostic and prognostic viewpoint. On the other hand, some investigators, have pointed out that, in the initial stage of these benign forms of partial epilepsy, there may be more or less significant intellectual impairment and behavioral disorder, sometimes accompanied by frequent brief absences. From the EEG viewpoint, this condition is characterized by brief discharges of slow spike wave complexes amounting to a pattern of "electrical status epilepticus". This special electroclinical condition mimics the Lennox-Gastaut syndrome but is generally self-limited. Thus, a correct differential diagnosis is very important from the diagnostic viewpoint. There is good evidence that sleep records permit an earlier identification of these conditions and strongly contribute to a correct differential diagnosis. In the benign partial epilepsy the SEPs, during awake and sleep, morphology and latency are normal, while the N60 amplitude is increased. A group of children with benign partial epilepsy shows EEG spikes evoked by tapping, and giant N60 component. This giant component persists during sleep and is not specific for any type of benign partial epilepsy. In conclusion, the results of sleep recordings are conducive to a correct diagnosis and better definition of the nosological delineation of partial epilepsies in childhood; they also provide a better comprehension of their evolution, and thus of their prognosis. The Evoked Potentials seem be a useful tool in the study of benign partial epilepsy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Determination of the enantiomeric composition of salsolinol in biological samples by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection.

The enantiomers of salsolinol were completely separated as diastereoisomeric derivatives, after reaction with S-1-(1-naphthyl)ethyl isothiocyanate, by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography and quantified by electrochemical detection. Good calibration curves were obtained for the quantification and determination of the enantiomeric composition of salsolinol in human urine. The sensitivity and specificity to the assay also permit the determination of the enantiomeric composition of salsolinol in food such as dried bananas and chocolate.

Cacao↗
PubMed1989

Progressive myoclonic encephalopathy in X-linked hypogamma-globulinemia. Case report, review of the literature and its relationship with progressive encephalopathy in children with A.I.D.S.

A 7-year-old boy suffering from X-linked hypogammaglobulinemia and progressive myoclonic encephalopathy is reported. The onset of neurological disturbances is at four years of age with ataxic gait and myoclonic jerks. The EEG shows a progressive slowing of background activity, bilateral diffuse and repetitive, pseudoperiodic, high amplitude slow waves, myoclonic jerks polygraphically documented. The CT-scan shows generalized cerebral atrophy, white matter hypodensity--principally in the frontal regions -, multiple nodular calcifications, also in the basal ganglia. Two years after the onset of neurological signs, the boy is completely bedridden, spastic, dement and blind; the myoclonic jerks persist. Finally the relationship is discussed with both the previously reported patients with the same affection, and with similar progressive encephalopathy in children suffering from A.I.D.S.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Status epilepticus in benign rolandic epilepsy manifesting as anterior operculum syndrome.

We report the fourth case of partial status epilepticus (SE) in benign epilepsy of childhood with rolandic spikes (BECRS). The child suffered long-lasting attacks involving the mouth and pharynx, clinically manifest as speech arrest, sialorrhea, and drooling. Both clinical and electroencephalogram (EEG) data were compatible with the diagnosis of BECRS. Only during SE was the clinical picture similar to that observed in the operculum or Foix-Chavany-Marie syndrome. SE remission was obtained with the usual antiepileptic drug therapy (diazepam, clobazam, valproate). EEG records showed additional patterns of continuous spike-waves during slow sleep and specific inhibition and blocking of interictal centrotemporal spikes by mouth and/or tongue voluntary movements.

Brain↗