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Biomedical subjects

E F Logan

Publications and source records attributed to E F Logan.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Pathological changes in the small intestine of neonatal calves naturally infected with reo-like virus (rotavirus).

Nine calves, of which six had been challenged with an enteropathogenic strain of Escherichia coli, were found to be naturally infected with rotavirus. Rotavirus was recovered from the faeces of six calves and rotavirus antigen was detected in the intestinal mucosa of all calves. Stunting and fusion of villi were seen principally in the proximal and middle small intestine, where rotavirus antigen was detected by immunofluorescence. Typical lesions of enteric colibacillosis were found in the distal ileum of the challenged calves, associated with adhesion of the challenge strain of E coli to the mucosa. All samples were removed from the intestine under general anaesthesia and denudation of villi was not observed. However, following exsanguination and resampling at the same site in the small intestine of one calf, denudation was a constant feature.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Detection of antibody to bovine syncytial virus and respiratory syncytial virus in bovine fetal serum.

Batches of commercial fetal bovine serum, described by the suppliers as antibody-free, all contained antibody to bovine syncytial virus (BSV) when tested by indirect immunofluorescence. Antibody to bovine respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) was not detected in these sera. Twenty-four percent of individual fetal bovine sera contained antibody to BSV, and 14% contained antibody to RSV when tested by indirect immunofluorescence. BSV antibody titers in fetal sera from dams with high BSV antibody levels were variable but always higher than RSV antibody titers. Radial immunodiffusion studies with BSV-positive sera revealed the presence of immunoglobulin M (IgM), IgG, and IgA, but the quantity of these immunoglobulins was not directly related to the BSV antibody titers. The evidence suggests that the antibody present in fetal sera arose as the result of infection rather than from maternal transfer across the placenta.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Pathological changes in the small intestine of neonatal calves with enteric colibacillosis.

Three neonatal calves, protected from colisepticaemia by intravenously administered immunoglobulin M, were infected orally with Escherichia coli type 0101 K?(A). All calves developed severe enteric colibacillosis. When they were 4 days old stunting and fusion of villi were seen in the distal half of the small intestine and were associated with adhesion of the challenge organism to the mucosa. Two uninfected control calves kept under similar conditions, did not develop diarrhoea and had no lesions.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Serum immunoglobulins in aborted and non-aborted bovine foetuses.

The concentration of immunoglobulin classes G, M and A (IgG, IgM and IgA) in the sera of 233 aborted and 201 non-aborted foetuses was measured. IgM was first detected in a foetus at day 90 of gestation while IgG and IgA were first detected on day 111 of gestation. Immunoglobulins were detected in 81.5% of aborted foetuses and 32.8% of non-aborted foetuses. Total immunoglobulin concentrations of 20 mg/100 ml or greater were found in 35.2% of aborted foetuses but only in 4.5% of non-aborted foetuses. It is suggested that factors resulting in antigenic stimulation of the foetus may play an important part in bovine abortion.

Abortion, Veterinary↗
PubMed1978

The distribution of immunoglobulins in the intestine of the neonatal calf.

The distribution of immunoglobulins G, M and A in the small intestine of colostrum fed calves was monitored using immunofluorescent techniques. Colostral immunoglobulins were located in villous region of the small intestine where they were found either in the lamina propria, in the epithelial cells or on the mucosal surface of the epithelial cells. The distribution varied according to the age of calf examined. In very young calves, the villous epithelial cells were seen to be absorbing immunoglobulin of all 3 classes, whereas in 4 day old calves, the epithelial cells were generally devoid of immunoglobulin. In unsuckled calves, the intestinal immunoglobulins were synthesised in the Peyers patches and crypt region of the mucosa of the small intestine and immunoglobulin was found in the crypt epithelial cells and in plasma cells in the surrounding lamina propria.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

The rate of development of postmortem artefact in the small intestine of neonatal calves.

The rate of development of postmortem artefacts was investigated in the mucosa of the small intestine of a calf dually infected with an enteropathogenic strain of Esch. coli and rotavirus, and an uninfected control calf. Samples were removed under general anaesthesia from the proximal, middle and distal small intestine and compared with those taken from adjacent sites 1-30 min after severing the major blood vessels of the neck. In the challenged calf, changes occurred in the villous mucosa by 3 min after severance, whilst in the control calf good fixation was obtained until 10 min after severance.

Anesthesia, General↗
PubMed1977

Studies on the immunity of the calf to colibacillosis--VII: the experimental reproduction of enteric colibacillosis in colostrum-fed calves.

Eight newborn calves were challenged orally with a known enteropathogenic strain of Escherichia coli 0101 K?(A) and two to six hours later each calf was fed a minimum of three pints colostrum. All calves suffered from acute diarrhoea of varying severity within 24 to 48 hours of infection. Immunofluorescent and histological examination of the small intestine demonstrated adherence of the challenge organism to the epithelium and the presence of pathological lesions similar to those seen in colostrum-deprived calves with enteric colibacillosis. It was concluded that in order to be effective prophylactically, colostrum must be fed prior to infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Serum immunoglobulin levels in neonatal lambs.

The serum immunoglobulin levels of lambs were monitored 24 h post partum using the zinc sulphate turbidity test. There was a wide distribution in the level of circulating maternal immunoglobulin and quite a large proportion of lambs were hypogammaglobulinaemic. Mean levels were highest in single lambs and lowest in triplets.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Studies on rotavirus infection and diarrhoea in young calves.

The occurrence of diarrhoea in calves was monitored during the first three weeks of life. Calves fed amounts of colostrum sufficient to produce serum Ig levels in excess of 30 mg per ml did not develop diarrhoea, whereas calves fed less colostrum did. Rotaviruses and mycoplasma-like particles were observed in the faeces of calves with and without diarrhoea. The epidemiology of rotavirus infection in calves is discussed.

Animals↗