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Biomedical subjects

E Etzersdorfer

Publications and source records attributed to E Etzersdorfer.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Intravenous teicoplanin does not prevent Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea.

A 59-year-old man with the diagnosis of endocarditis of the mitral valve due to Streptococcus mitis was treated with penicillin G, gentamicin, and later with clindamycin as inpatient for 3 weeks. Thereafter outpatient therapy with parenteral teicoplanin 3 x per week was initiated. After 17 days of teicoplanin treatment he developed severe diarrhea, and stool samples were positive for Clostridium difficile toxin. In addition to the ongoing parenteral therapy with teicoplanin, oral teicoplanin was administered. On the third day of this regimen the diarrhea and other disabling symptoms subsided, and test results for C. difficile toxin became negative. Oral teicoplanin was continued for 10 days and cleared C. difficile effectively after treatment as assessed by consecutive stool cultures (until 60 days thereafter). The parenteral administration of teicoplanin could not prevent the onset of C. difficile associated diarrhea in this patient, who previously had been treated with clindamycin. Thus, the administration of parenteral teicoplanin does not seem to be a treatment option for C. difficile associated diarrhea in patients in which oral therapy is not possible.

Clostridioides difficile↗
PubMed1994

Imitative suicide on the Viennese subway.

The number of subway suicides in Vienna increased dramatically between 1984 and mid-1987. In the second-half of 1987 there was a decrease of 75% which has been sustained for 5 yr. This reduction in subway suicides began when a working group of the Austrian Association for Suicide Prevention developed media guidelines and initiated discussions with the media which culminated with an agreement to abstain from reporting on cases of suicide. The characteristics of suicide and attempted suicide on the Viennese subway are discussed and appropriate guidelines for media coverage of suicidal acts are presented.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Austrian anomalous data in sex-specific trends in suicide rates of central Europe].

To report on suicides among a nation's population over time 4 types of figures, hierarchically related, are used. The total yearly number (1), the crude rate (2), the set of age adjusted rates (3) and the standardized rate (4). Only the latter 2 figures can be used for comparisons among different nations as they adjusted for confounding by age. For the period 1970 to 1990 Austria's 24.4/100,000 person-years (women 13.2, men 38.0), is higher than all of its neighbors except Hungary. We observed, in contrast to reports from other countries, a sex differential in time trends for the same period: male rates increased, whereas those for females decreased over time. Trends in neighboring nations indicated for both sexes always in the same direction. A recent (1986 to 1991) drop in both male and female suicide rates could indicate an end to the observed exception. Thus the sex differential in Austrian rates should be monitored closely in the future.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[How reliable are official data on attempted suicides? (based on Vienna 1989 statistics)].

The numbers for suicide attempts in Vienna 1989 from the following sources are compared: Statistical Department of the City of Vienna, hospital system of the City of Vienna, Vienna ambulance service, and Vienna Crisis Intervention Center. There are striking differences in the numbers reported by these institutions. In the data of the Statistical Department for the time period 1983 to 1989 there is a drastic decline of 56.5%, men exceeding women for the first time in decades. These results are not in agreement with the clinical experience of the authors. It is therefore possible that the official statistics underestimate the number of suicide attempts in Vienna. It appears the official data are markedly influenced by changes in the methods of data collection. Therefore, official numbers do not seem to be reliable and cannot be used to compare changes in suicide attempt frequency in the long run either. Possible reasons for the uncertainty of official numbers on suicide attempts are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Suicide following attempted suicide: a study of an unsuccessful intervention.

Unsuccessful interventions are often the best way to improve methods and techniques. This article presents a case study of a 55-year-old housewife who committed suicide after psychiatric inpatient treatment following a previous severe suicide attempt. The social and psychological situation of the patient is described, with special emphasis on her relationships with her husband, the therapist, and the other staff members on the ward. The steps in her "suicidal career" are described. The article then discusses the significance of this case, and the conclusions that were drawn by the therapy team about how inpatient treatment after suicide attempts could be better managed.

Depressive Disorder↗
PubMed1992

[Epidemiology of suicide in Austria 1980 to 1990].

This article investigates the suicide rates in Austria from 1980 to 1990 according to age groups and the methods used. In the years investigated the overall suicide rate increased until 1986, followed by a decline until 1990. The suicide rate in women shows a gradual linear increase with age, whilst in men there is a biphasic curve with a steep increase in teenagers and young men in their early twenties, followed by a plateau and a second steep increase as from 65 years of age, whereby the increase from "60-64 years" to the age group "over 85 years" is 134%. Regarding the age groups the decline over the past years in women is biggest in the groups "35-39 years" and "65-69 years", with men a decrease is present in the age groups from 20 to 50 years. Concerning the methods used, hanging is the most common mode of suicide in both women (36.4%) and men (48.8%). Suicide in the elderly--particularly in old men--which has increased internationally over the past few decades is targeted as the major area for vigorous preventive measures in Austria.

Adolescent↗