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Biomedical subjects

E E Morse

Publications and source records attributed to E E Morse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

HIV-associated autoimmune hemolytic anemia complicated by pulmonary embolism following a red blood cell transfusion: case report and review of the literature.

BACKGROUND: Though positive direct antiglobulin tests are common in AIDS patients, overt hemolysis is rare. A hypercoagulable state has recently been recognized in these patients and may contribute to the thromboembotic complications previously reported in three patients with HIV-associated autoimmune hemolytic anemia. CASE REPORT: An AIDS patient with severe warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia developed a pulmonary embolus after a single red blood cell transfusion. CONCLUSION: There may be an increased risk of thromboembolism in AIDS patients with autoimmune hemolytic anemia who receive red blood cell transfusions, a concern we have previously raised. Prophylactic anticoagulation should be considered in this setting.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Iron deficiency and anemia of chronic disease in elderly women: a discriminant-analysis approach for differentiation.

To differentiate iron-deficiency anemia and anemia associated with chronic inflammatory diseases in elderly women, subsets of laboratory, dietary, and functional assessment variables were obtained by using discriminant analysis. Fifty-one subjects (70-79 y of age) were classified into one of four groups on the basis of the presence of iron deficiency and chronic inflammatory disease. Iron deficiency was defined on the basis of a significant response in hemoglobin concentration after iron supplementation. The discriminating subset of laboratory tests consisted of measures for serum ferritin, plasma transferrin receptors, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. The discriminant function classified subjects into iron-deficient, anemia of chronic disease, or a category in which the two coexist, with an error rate of 18.6%. The addition of other variables (dietary iron and functional assessment information) did not appreciably improve the classification. The results of these three key laboratory tests may help to identify functional iron deficiency in the presence of chronic inflammation.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Ovariectomy enhances and estrogen replacement inhibits the activity of bone marrow factors that stimulate prostaglandin production in cultured mouse calvariae.

To examine PG production in estrogen deficiency, we studied effects on cultured neonatal mouse calvariae of bone marrow supernatants (MSup) from sham-operated (SHAM), ovariectomized (OVX), or 17 beta-estradiol (OVX+E)-treated mice. MSups were obtained 3 wk after OVX when bone density had decreased significantly. 10-60% MSup increased medium PGE2 and levels of mRNA for inducible and constitutive prostaglandin G/H synthase (PGHS-2 and PGHS-1) and cytosolic phospholipase A2 in calvarial cultures. OVX MSups had twofold greater effects on PGHS-2 and medium PGE2 than other MSups. IL-1 receptor antagonist and anti-IL-1 alpha neutralizing antibody decreased MSup-stimulated PGHS-2 mRNA and PGE2 levels and diminished differences among OVX, sham-operated, and OVX+E groups. In contrast, antibodies to IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-11, and TNF alpha had little effect. There were no significant differences in IL-1 alpha concentrations or IL-1 alpha mRNA levels in MSups or marrow cells. PGHS-2 mRNA in freshly isolated tibiae from OVX mice was slightly greater than from sham-operated. We conclude that bone marrow factors can increase PG production through stimulation of PGHS-2; that OVX increases and estrogen decreases activity of these factors; and that IL-1 alpha activity, together with additional unknown factors, mediates the differential MSup effects.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Preparation of young red cells for transfusion using the Fenwal CS 3000 cell separator.

A pheresis procedure was devised to isolate young red cells by centrifugation using the Fenwal CS 3000 continuous flow cell separator. Young red cell enriched products were collected in a 2.5-3-hour procedure. Large numbers of white cells and platelets were collected with the red cells, but cryopreservation and subsequent washing removed 99% of the contaminating cells. At the completion of all processing a product yielding 70% of the total hemoglobin content of a standard frozen/deglycerolized red cell unit was produced. Autologous radiochromium survival of young red cells, measured in 12 normal donors, showed an average 24-hour recovery of 89.9% with a T50Cr of 40.8 days. In paired autologous studies (N = 4) there was a mean increase of 35% in the observed T50Cr of young red cells as compared to standard frozen red cells.

Blood Preservation↗
PubMed1984

Labile coagulation factors in thawed fresh frozen plasma prepared by two methods.

Two preparations of fresh frozen plasma were studied. The plasma from CPDA-1 whole blood units was either frozen within 6 h (FFP-I) or 18-20 h (FFP-II) of phlebotomy. Average activity for factor VIII for FFP-I (n = 6) and FFP-II (n = 19) was 102% and 55%, respectively (p less than 0.01). Average activity for factor V and VII in both products was approximately 100%. Factor XI activity (n = 13) in FFP-II averaged 84%. We conclude that FFP-I and FFP-II are equivalent in terms of coagulation factor activity except for factor VIII.

Blood Coagulation Factors↗
PubMed1983

Treatment of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Evaluation of plasma exchange and review of the literature.

This report examines the results of treatment in 21 patients with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) diagnosed over a 4-year time period (1976-1980) with a review of the possible role of each form of therapy in relationship to the various proposed pathogenic mechanisms. There was a 76.2% (16/21) overall survival with no significant difference in initial hematologic values in patients not surviving. Patients not surviving did not achieve a sustained platelet count greater than 150,000/microliters at any time during their clinical course. 16 patients received steroids, antiplatelet agents and plasma exchange, with a total volume exchanged ranging from 20.8 to 1,455 ml/kg, as part of their treatment protocol. In this group of patients there was an 81.2% (13/16) survival, with 4 patients receiving additional therapy including splenectomy and/or vincristine. There was no correlation between the intensity of plasma exchange and the time to hematologic recovery. It is apparent that controlled clinical trials are necessary to better define the effectiveness of the present forms of therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Granulocyte yields using the Haemonetics 30. Effects of variations in corticosteroid regimen and donor selection.

The factors of donor selection, corticosteroid drug choice, dose, timing and route of administration were studied to optimize granulocyte yield employing the Haemonetics Model 30 Blood Processor. Our data suggest that donors giving one excellent yield do not necessarily do so again. Donors with high initial granulocyte counts had only marginal increases in counts after taking corticosteroids. Selecting donors on the basis of high previous yield or granulocyte count is not a feasible strategy for improving granulocyte yields. Highest yields of granulocytes (16 X 10(9) total; 4 X 10(9)/liter processed) were obtained with any of four split-dose corticosteroid regimen. This increment is almost twice as large as the previously reported improvement using continuous-flow centrifugation. The choice of steroid, the route of administration and the timing of the split doses are not critical.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1981

Clinical effectiveness of transfusion of granulocytes obtained by filtration or intermittent flow centrifugation.

Clinical effectiveness of granulocyte transfusions collected by filtration or by intermittent flow centrifugation was compared in this study. In 251 patients receiving at least four daily transfusions of these products, there was no difference in response rate (67% in each group) as determined by defervescence. The most important factor in the recovery of patients appeared to be the underlying disease causing the agranulocytosis. Patients whose marrows were temporarily suppressed by chemotherapy showed the highest recovery rates (82% lymphoma and carcinoma), whereas those with intrinsic disease in the marrow showed the lowest recovery rates (47% aplastic anemia, 63% acute leukemia).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Decreased ionized calcium during therapeutic plasma exchange pheresis and platelet pheresis.

Marked reductions in ionized calcium were observed in normal donors undergoing platelet pheresis using acid-citrate dextrose formula A (ACD)-A) anticoagulant, and in patients undergoing therapeutic plasma exchange pheresis using citrate phosphate dextrose (CPD)-ABO compatible plasma. Donors showed a greater tendency to symptoms of hypocalcemia, although patients receiving CPD plasma demonstrated lower values of ionized calcium. It is suggested that there may be important differences in the availability of calcium from plasma containing these two anticoagulants.

Blood Donors↗
PubMed1979

Increased serum erythropoietin activity in rats following intrarenal injection of nickel subsulfide.

To investigate the pathophysiologic mechanisms of nicekl-induced erythrocytosis, serum erythropoietin activities were measured in (a) pooled serum from rats at 2 wk after intrarenal injection of alpha Ni3S2 (5 mg/rat), and (b) pooled serum from control rats at 2 wk after intrarenal injection of sterile NaCl vehicle (0.4 ml/rat). A sensitive erythropoietin bioassay was employed, which entailed repetitive administration of test serums to post-hypoxic polycythemic mice in divided doses (12 s.c. injections of 0.5 ml of serum at 6 hr intervals for 3 da; total dose = 6 ml of serum/mouse). The erythropoietin detection limit was congruent to 20 I.U./liter of serum. In mice which received pooled serum from alpha Ni3S2-treated rats, erythrocyte 59Fe-uptake averaged 28% (S.D. +/- 5) (vs 3.7 +/- 1.1% in control rats; P less than 0.001). Based upon a 7-point calibration plot, the erythropoietin activity in pooled serum from alpha Ni3S2-treated rats averaged 130 I.U./liter (S.D. +/- 18) (vs 27 +/- 6 I.U./liter in control rats; P less than 0.001). In vitro addition of Ni(II) to rat serum (100 microgram/liter) had no effect upon serum erythropoietin activity. This study demonstrates that induction of erythrocytosis in rats by intrarenal injection of alpha Ni3S2 is mediated by increased serum erythropoietin activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Interdonor incompatibility as a cause of reaction during granulocyte transfusion.

The first case of interdonor incompatibility associated with granulocyte transfusion is presented. The patient received Kell positive granulocyte transfusions containing about 30 ml of red cells 36 and 132 h prior to receiving a granulocyte transfusion containing anti-Kell 1/128. The chills, fever, vomiting and hypotension resulting from the red cell incompatibility, cleared with appropriate fluid therapy. Antibody detection methods must be applied to each unit of granulocytes. The patients blood should be tested with reagent grade antibody to detect small numbers of antigen-containing cells if an antibody-containing granulocyte transfusion is to be given. Routine major and minor cross-matching is insufficient. Removal of the antibody containing plasma and resuspension of the granulocytes in plasma free of irregular antibodies may be the most effective way to prevent such incompatibility.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

An improved method for the quantitation of A2 hemoglobin utilizing cellulose acetate electrophoresis and densitometry.

An improved method of A2 quantitation by cellulose acetate electrophoresis is describes. Densitometry is performed on uncleared membranes. The height of the peak obtained for the A2 band is compared with a standard curve derived from peaks obtained by serial dilutions of hemoglobin. Noral A2 hemoglobin as measured by this method is 2.55 percent plus or minus 0.60 (2 S.D.). Twenty patients samples were run in parallel with a column chromatographic method. Eight samples were found to contain elevated A2 levels by the column method. The same eight samples were correctly identified by the electrophoretic technic.

Blood Protein Electrophoresis↗
PubMed1975

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency and blood transfusion.

Seven White American male blood donors with Italian surnames were found to have red cell glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) deficiency among 1,285 with Greek or Italian surnames screened. Five different genetic variants were found; G-6-PDs Mediterranean (2), "Athens-like" (2), San Juan, Columbus and "Canton-like". Clinical evaluation of 23 patients who received 24 units of G-6-PD-deficient blood (G-6-PD A-) failed to reveal any deleterious effects. Screening of Black donors for G-6-PD deficiency is believed unnecessary; further data are needed before a recommendation can be made concerning screening for non-Black donors.

Black People↗