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Biomedical subjects

E Dolev

Publications and source records attributed to E Dolev.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Extralobar sequestration presenting as massive hemothorax.

Pulmonary extralobar sequestration is a rare anomaly, usually diagnosed during the first months of life. A case of extralobar pulmonary sequestration in an adult, manifesting itself as massive hemothorax, is presented.

Bronchopulmonary Sequestration↗
PubMed1995

[Is routine monitoring of theophylline blood levels really effective?].

Theophylline is widely used by patients with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease as a bronchodilator. The therapeutic range is relatively narrow: 10-20 mcg/ml. In a survey of 344 blood samples from 290 patients over a period of 12 months, 60% had levels lower than 10 mcg/ml, and only 28% were within the therapeutic range. This was especially the case among those using oral preparations. Our data raise several questions concerning the individualization of theophylline dosage, the effectiveness of its routine blood monitoring, and the implications of these results for ambulatory patients who are possibly being under treated.

Asthma↗
PubMed1995

Increased amniotic fluid divalent cation concentration in preeclampsia.

Hypocalciuria due to reversibly enhanced tubular calcium reabsorption in preeclampsia has been previously described. As the fetus is exposed in utero to the toxemic environment, its kidney function may be similarly affected. We therefore evaluated the amniotic fluid (AF) concentrations of Ca2+, Mg2+, Zn2+, and Na+ in relation to creatinine in 12 preeclamptic women, 9 pregnant women with chronic hypertension, and 12 control pregnant women. Our data reveal an increased AF Ca2+, Mg2+, and Zn2+ to creatinine ratio in preeclampsia 451 +/- 283; 164 +/- 94; 787 +/- 124 Eq/mol, respectively) as compared with chronic hypertension (256 +/- 141; 94 +/- 46; 504 +/- 124 Eq/mol, respectively), and normal controls (274 +/- 132; 83 +/- 19; 477 +/- 124 Eq/mol, respectively; p < 0.05). Na+ concentration did not vary significantly among the three groups. It is suggested that the higher AF divalent cation concentration in preeclampsia may be due to lower maternal urinary excretion thereby increasing the fetal divalent cation load.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Lipoprotein profile changes during intense training of Israeli military recruits.

The effect of prolonged strenuous military training on serum lipoproteins was studied in 73 new recruits. Dietary intake, body weight, and average energy expenditure were recorded, and blood samples collected at three time periods before training began (time 0), and after 6 and 12 wk of intense physical activity (times I and II, respectively). There was a significant increase in high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and a decrease in low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol accompanying an increase of duration and intensity of exercise. HDL increased from 40.5 +/- 7.7 mg.dl-1 at time 0 to 44.5 +/- 9.4 mg.dl-1 at time I and to 52.8 +/- 8.7 mg.dl-1 at time II, and each mean P-value for increases in HDL from time 0-I, I-II, and 0-II were P < 0.0001). For LDL cholesterol, the mean decreases were -1.1, -6.1, and -7.3 mg.dl-1, respectively (P = 0.003 from I-II, and 0.01 from 0-II). These changes did not correlate with weight loss, reduced energy, or fat intake. We conclude that intense physical activity is associated with beneficial changes in the lipoprotein profile in new military recruits during a training period extending over 12 wk.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Tuberculosis: a retrospective study].

In a retrospective study, 60 cases of tuberculosis (TB) were seen during 1968-1977. 95% were either Jewish or Bedouin. About 25% of the Bedouin were under 20 years of age. 62 of the cases had extra-pulmonary tuberculosis, while only 38% had the pulmonary form. As has been noted before, different ethnic groups had distinctive clinical features of tuberculosis. After a constant decline in the rate of tuberculosis in Israel for 4 decades, an increasing incidence has recently been observed. This trend is explained by waves of immigration from countries where tuberculosis is prevalent. The diagnosis was made quite late in the course of the disease, mainly because tuberculosis has been considered rare in Israel. A higher index of suspicion will allow earlier diagnosis and treatment of this curable disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Tuberculous lymphadenitis in a general hospital].

All cases of tuberculous lymphadenitis admitted over a 43-year period (1951-1993) were surveyed. The diagnosis was validated in 188 cases. The incidence was 2.74 cases per year, but there was a cluster of 94 cases in the first 20 years. 50.8% had local signs alone, while 36.4% had both local and systemic signs. Nodes affected showed either painless or painful swelling, and sometimes there was drainage. Cervical nodes were affected most frequently, and the commonest general symptom was fever, followed by fatigue. In 28.8% there was pulmonary tuberculosis, in 14.4% other forms of extrapulmonary tuberculosis, and in 9.3% only active tuberculous lymphadenitis. Most of the patients had immigrated to Israel from eastern Europe and the Yemen. Though tuberculous lymphadenitis has become infrequent, it is still the commonest form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. A high index of suspicion is needed to diagnose accurately and treat this potentially curable condition.

Emigration and Immigration↗
PubMed1994

Mononuclear cell magnesium content remains unchanged in various hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.

Serum magnesium levels, as well as magnesium content of red blood cells and peripheral mononuclear cells, were examined in 31 pregnant women in their third trimester. Ten were preeclamptic; chronic hypertension was found in 10, and 11 were normotensive. Magnesium serum levels were 1.2 +/- 0.1, 1.2 +/- 0.1 and 1.3 +/- 0.1 mEq/l in the normotensives, chronic hypertensives and preeclamptics, respectively. Red blood cell magnesium concentration was 3.4 +/- 0.4, 3.7 +/- 0.7 and 3.5 +/- 0.5 mEq/l, and mononuclear magnesium content was 37.9 +/- 30.6, 27.6 +/- 15.9 and 30.2 +/- 25.7 fg/cell in the same groups, respectively. These changes were not statistically significant. The results do not support the hypothesis that magnesium deficiency is involved in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Pyknodysostosis: imaging and laboratory observations.

Pyknodysostosis is a rare form of sclerosing bone dysplasia with autosomal recessive inheritance. Affected members of two families were assessed as follows: three patients underwent densitometry measurements and bone scans; four patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and an immunological investigation, as well as a detailed endocrinological and biochemical laboratory review. Densitometry measurements revealed values of up to 291% of age-matched normal controls; this increased bone density was mainly in the trabecular bone and not in the cortical bone. The MRI showed the cortex to be of normal thickness, whereas the increase in trabecular bone limited the space within the medullary canal. Bone scans and single photon emission computerized tomography in three patients showed an increased uptake of [99mTc]methylene diphosphonate of up to 538% of age-matched controls, which reflected the increased bone density. Monocyte function tests demonstrated a normal phagocytic capacity, but their killing activity was impaired. Interleukin-1 secretion was also impaired, which may point to the pathogenesis of the disease, in view of its function as an osteoclast activator and its role in bone resorption.

Adolescent↗