Biomedical subjects

E Dinkel

Publications and source records attributed to E Dinkel.

51 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMed1985

[Lung metastases--limitations and possibilities of radiologic diagnosis].

The different sensitivities of chest radiograph, full-lung tomography and computed tomography (CT) are determining factors in the diagnosis of pulmonary metastases. Pathogenesis and pathologic-anatomical morphology explain the radiological findings. Knowledge of spontaneous or therapy-induced changes and "sterilized" metastases is important for follow-up studies. The precise densitometry in CT improves the assessment of degree of a pulmonary disk-shaped lesion. Histological diagnosis may be obtained by fluoroscopically guided percutaneous thin-needle biopsy.

Adult↗

PubMed1985

[Endoscopic extraction of a tumor prosthesis dislodged into the stomach].

Endoscopic pertubation of oesophagogastric neoplasms is an established method of palliative treatment. The dislocated plastic prosthesis may be removed with difficulties from the stomach endoscopically. A simple technique for endoscopic removal of the prosthesis is described. The tube can be precisely centred within the oesophageal lumen by use of an intestinal decompression tube and additional guidance by the endoscopic retraction forceps. Thus gross damage of the exophytic tumor tissue with bleeding or perforation sequelae can be avoided. Injury to the patient does not exceed that caused by an ordinary gastroscopy.

Aged↗

PubMed1984

Sonographic evidence of intraperitoneal fluid. An experimental study and its clinical implications.

In order to evaluate the sensitivity of ultrasound to intraperitoneal fluid, such as ascites or blood, an experimental study was performed in the pig. Various amounts of fluid were injected into the peritoneal cavity to investigate distribution and diagnostic criteria in different positions. As little as 10 ml of fluid was visualized around the urinary bladder in an upright position. In the supine position, 20 ml could be detected around the bladder and 30 ml around the liver. The injection of at least 60 ml resulted in a pattern of free-floating bowel loops. The sonographic findings of fluid distribution were correlated to radiological studies. As different amounts of fluid produce characteristic sonographic patterns, an approximate estimation of the intraperitoneal fluid volume can be made.

Animals↗

PubMed1983

Sonographic biometry of liver and spleen size in childhood.

In 194 healthy children of all ages, sonographic measurements of the liver and spleen were performed on standardized section planes and normal values established. These measurement values showed an approximately linear increase in the course of development and correlated best with the body length. For a rapid orientational evaluation of the liver size, sonographic nomograms of the individual measurements were developed. The spleen size was determined by volume calculation. On the basis of an index of liver size, which was calculated from the individual measurements, a diagram for simultaneous determination of liver and spleen size could be developed. These nomograms permit objective morphometry of size changes in the two organs.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1983

[Sonographic diagnosis of the bile ducts in childhood].

The prerequisite for the sonographic diagnosis of biliary tract pathology is the recognition of the normal biliary tract even in neonates, as demonstrated in a prospective study on 78 neonates. Contraction of the gallbladder as a sign of biliary excretion into the duodenum could be regularly observed. The sonographic patterns typical of common bile duct obstruction, choledochal cyst, biliary atresia, neonatal hepatitis, paucity of the interlobular ducts, Caroli's disease, cholecystectasia, cholecystitis and cholecystolithiasis are described. Based on the findings in 26 infants with proven cholestatic syndrome, the diagnostic significance of the established sonographic criteria is discussed.

Bile Ducts↗

PubMed1983

[Sonographic diagnosis of urine flow disorders in childhood].

Sonographic diagnosis of urinary tract obstruction is based upon morphological and morphometrical criteria, which can be used for the grading of obstructive uropathy. In particular, morphometric data improve the accuracy of the diagnosis. Measurement of the anterio-posterior diameter of the renal pelvis and assessment of the renal volume will make postoperative monitoring more objective and therefore safer. Diuresis sonography, under standardized conditions, excludes false negative findings and clarifies borderline cases of suspected obstruction of the urinary tract. Renal sonography is a reliable method for excluding and diagnosis of urinary tract obstruction in childhood, when one is aware of its limitations.

Child↗

PubMed1983

[Sonographic diagnosis of the central nervous system in the neonate and infant--pathomorphology, indications and value].

Standardized cerebral sonography permits early diagnosis of intracranial abnormalities and follow-up of high-risk neonates and infants during the first year of life. In the last three years 782 neonates and infants were examined using a real-time sector scanners (3,5--7,5 MHz). Echogenicity of parenchymal structures as well as the ventricular system, the subarachnoid space and the choroid plexus were routinely investigated. Based on morphological criteria a stage classification of brain haemorrhage into five degrees of severity has been developed. The sonographic pattern of normal anatomy, various types of hydrocephalus, intracranial infectious pathology, brain tumor and meningomyelocele is described. Sonographic monitoring facilitates the decision on conservative or neurosurgical treatment of hydrocephalus.

Brain↗

PubMed1983

Sonographic diagnosis of intussusception in childhood.

The diagnosis of intussusception was established in 26 children by sonography alone. In 23 cases barium enema confirmed the diagnosis; two cases because of longstanding intussusception and one case after intestinal anastomosis were confirmed by surgery alone; in two additional cases barium enema ruled out the sonographically suspected intussusception. No positive finding was missed by sonography, which proved to be an accurate method for the diagnosis of intussusception. The sonographic findings of idiopathic intussusception and intussusception caused by lymphosarcoma are presented.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1982

[The therapy with immunoglobulins. Structure, mechanisms of action and the intravenous use of gammaglobulin preparations (author's transl)].

With regard to clinical success the therapy with immunoglobulins has to take into account exact therapeutic indications as well as the biological and physical properties of the immunoglobulin preparations being available. This paper summarizes the structure, the biological effects and the therapeutic indications of intravenous applicable immunoglobulin preparations. It becomes evident that the biological properties of the different immunoglobulin preparations have to be considered for different therapeutic use. As some prophylactic and therapeutic indications are accepted, the benefit of immunoglobulin administration during sepsis still remains uncertain.

Bacterial Infections↗

PubMed1979

Transient hypothyroidism associated with prematurity, sepsis, and respiratory distress.

Serial TSH and T4 determinations were performed in sixty neonates admitted to our hospital for neonatal intensive care within a period of three months. Seven patients (12%) showed transient hypothyroidism on the basis of low T4 and high TSH values. Only one of these patients, who had meconium aspiration and pneumonia, did not have the respiratory distress syndrome. In addition, 4 of these patients had sepsis. All of the patients were born before 37 gestational weeks and had birth weights under 2200 g. In addition, two patients of this gestational age and birth weight group had a progressive fall of T4 to extremely hypothyroid values without simultaneous elevation of TSH. Two of the 5 patients who died had histological studies of their thyroids. These revealed colloid-depleted vesicles, desquamated epithelium, and prominent vascularisation of the thyroid. The results of this study show that early recognition and therapy of transient hypothyroidism may be live saving.

Birth Weight↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Tracheobronchomegaly: clinical aspects and radiological features.

Tracheobronchomegaly is a rare--probably congenital--disorder. Its clinical appearance is non-specific. The diagnosis is made by radiological methods. This paper describes the typical features in early and advanced stages and outlines the diagnostic approach.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Postoperative sonographic follow-up of brain tumors in childhood].

Postoperative neurosonography was performed in 69 babies and children after osteoclastic neurosurgery for primary cerebral tumors. Astrocytoma of the posterior fossa (26 cases) and medulloblastoma (25 cases) were frequent histological findings. Early postoperative bed-side examinations revealed reliably complications such as cerebral hemorrhage, edema or hygroma. Postoperative baseline studies were performed and reliability of sonographic criteria for tumor recurrence, such as high echogenicity and dense echotexture, were established. Regressive tissue changes under the usual postoperative cerebral radiation therapy and chemotherapy included transient increase in perifocal edema followed by tumor shrinking and cystic lesions or calcifications. Shunt dynamics were controlled by morphometrical studies of ventricular size. Long-time follow-up examinations were performed in most cases and covered periods of up to 4 years. Sensitivity of neurosonography for tumor recurrence was superior to non-contrast computed tomography; there were no false positive findings as proven by CT and magnetic resonance.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

CT and MR features of primary pulmonary hemangiopericytomas.

We investigated the radiological findings of four patients with malignant pulmonary hemangiopericytomas, comparing plain chest radiography, CT, and MR. The radiographic presentation ranged from a small single lesion to a tumor almost completely occupying a hemithorax. Pathognomonic radiological features of malignant pulmonary hemangiopericytomas could not be established, but characteristic features include a large lobulated well-circumscribed mass with an encapsulated appearance, contrast enhancement of the margin, and no signs of surrounding compression atelectasis. The tumors were associated with late onset or a paucity of chest symptoms. Additional information regarding heterogeneity and effects on adjacent structures was provided by MR and was helpful in suggesting the diagnosis of malignant pulmonary hemangiopericytoma.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Imaging in cardiac mass lesions.

In 26 patients with cardiac mass lesions confirmed by surgery, diagnostic imaging was performed preoperatively by means of two-dimensional echocardiography (26 patients), angiography (12 patients), correlative computed tomography (CT, 8 patients), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI, 3 patients). Two-dimensional echocardiography correctly identified the cardiac masses in all patients. Angiography missed two of 12 cardiac masses; CT missed one of eight. MRI identified three of three cardiac masses. Although the sensitivity of two-dimensional echocardiography was high (100%), all methods lacked specificity. None of the methods allowed differentiation between myxoma (n = 13) and thrombus (n = 7). Malignancy of the lesions was successfully predicted by noninvasive imaging methods in all six patients. However, CT and MRI provided additional information concerning cardiac mural infiltration, pericardial involvement, and extracardiac tumor extension, and should be integrated within a preoperative imaging strategy. Thus two-dimensional echocardiography is the method of choice for primary assessment of patients with suspected cardiac masses. Further preoperative imaging by CT or MRI can be limited to patients with malignancies suspected on the grounds of pericardial effusion or other clinical results.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Inflammatory and traumatic lesions of the knee and ankle: comparison of 0.23 T and 2 T MRI.

Fifty-six patients with traumatic and 117 patients with inflammatory lesions of the knee and ankle were examined with a 2 T (69 examinations) or 0.23 T (104 examinations) MR system. The quality of all images was assessed by the consensus of three radiologists on a scale of diagnostic (3+, 2+) and nondiagnostic (1+) image quality. More than 90% of images from both systems were diagnostic. However, the proportion of 3+ quality images was significantly higher (p less than 0.001) at the magnetic field strength of 2 T (81% = 56/69 versus 49% = 51/104 at 0.23 T). Motion artifacts were the main cause of reduced image quality independent of field strength. In patients with traumatic and inflammatory diseases of the knee and ankle, high field imaging at 2 T provided better image quality than low field imaging at 0.23 T.

Adolescent↗