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Biomedical subjects

E Dingeldein

Publications and source records attributed to E Dingeldein.

29 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

MIC determination, disc sensitivity testing, and analysis of regression in cefazedone and cefazolin.

Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of (6R,7R)-7-(2-[3,5-dichloro-4-oxo-1(4H)-pyridyl-a1-acetamido)-3-([(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)-thio]methyl)-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4,2,0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid (cefazedone, Refosporen)), a new semisynthetic cephalosporin derivative were determined by a broth dilution technique. In comparison with cefazolin 130 gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, recent clinical isolates, were tested. In parallel, inhibition zones for the same organisms were determined by a standardized disc technique using 30-micrograms discs. According to the calculated regression lines a good correlation was found for cefazedone and cefazolin between the MIC values and the diameters of the inhibition zones (correlation coefficients r = --0.90 and --0.92, respectively). Taking into account the dosages recommended for cefazedone and the mean serum concentrations to which they give rise, appropriate categories of sensitivity (break points) for susceptibility testing are recommended.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1979

Blood levels and tissue concentrations of cefazedone in animals.

In mice, dogs, and rabbits blood and serum levels were evaluated after parenteral application of (6R,7R)-7-(2-[3,5-dichloro-4-oxo-1(4H)-pyridyl]acetamido)-3-([(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)-thio]methyl)-8-oxo-5-thia-1-aza-bicyclo[4,2,0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid (cefazedone, Refosporen), cephalothin and cefazolin. In all three animal species cefazedone produced higher and more prolonged serum levels than did cefazolin. Evaluation of serum protein binding in mouse, dog and rabbit serum revealed marked differences between the species. Cefazedone and cefazolin tissue concentrations were evaluated in rabbits. Both antibiotics did not penetrate the CSF or brain tissue. In all other tissues examined (except bone marrow) higher and more prolonged tissue levels were attained with cefazedone than with cefazolin.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Clinical pharmacology phase I of cefazedone, a new cephalosporin, in healthy volunteers. II. Pharmacokinetics in comparison with cefazolin.

In two consecutive cross-over studies, each involving 10 healthy volunteers, the pharmacokinetics of (6R,7R)-7-(2-[3,5-dichloro-4-oxo-1(4H)-pyridyl]-acetamindo)-3-([(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)-thio]methyl)-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4,2,0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid (cefazedone, Refosporen) in comparison with cefazolin were investigated after single i.v. and i.m. administration. The doses were: i.v. cefazedone 500 mg and 1000 mg; cefazolin 1000 mg; i.m. cefazedone 500 mg, cefazolin 500 mg. The pharmacokinetic parameters were analysed by applying an open two-compartment model. The pharmacokinetics of cefazedone are nearly identical with those of cefazolin. In particular, it must be noted that cefazedone has a relatively long serum elimination half-life (1.64 +/- 0.23 h after i.v. and 1.85 +/- 0.51 h after i.m. administration) and that cefazedone exhibits, in comparison with cefazolin, a more favourable concentration ratio of central vs. peripheral (= tissue) compartment (1:2).

Adult↗
PubMed1978

The release of gentamicin from polymethylmethacrylate beads. An experimental and pharmacokinetic study.

Gentamicin incorporated in beads of polymethylmethacrylate has been shown capable of being released over a period of several months in concentrations sufficiently high to control most pathogens. The therapeutic efficacy of such beads has been demonstrated in a model of osteomyelitis of the femur in the dog. Good tolerance has been shown, both in the animal model and in tissue cultures. In forty-one patients with infection of either bone or soft tissue, mainly of the lower limb, the findings were similar. The concentrations in serum and urine were low, which excludes side-effects. The insertion of gentamicin-PMMA beads may prove to be a valuable new form of local antibiotic therapy.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[The results of experimental and clinical use of Gentamycin PMMA balls (author's transl)].

Authors describe a new method of treatment for bone and soft tissue infections using polymethyl methacrylate balls containing Gentamycin. Advantages of this method can be summarized in 3 points: 1. From the patients point of view saving the rinsing-sucking drainage, early mobilisation etc. 2. From nursing point of view a significant facilitation of the patient's care. 3. From the hospital management's point of view: improved hygienic conditions by eliminating the possible infections related to a rinsing-sucking wet system. Cutting down hospital expences both by abbreviation of the time of hospitalization and saving on expensive antibiotics.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1976

[Does methylmethacrylate induce cardiovascular complications during alloarthroplastic surgery of the hip joint? (AUTHOR'S TRANSL)].

Cardiovascular experiments in dogs and rabbits under various conditions demonstrated that monomethylacrylate has no direct cardiac depressant activity. The transient decrease in blood pressure and heart rate of patients receiving endoprostheses and experimental animals is elicited by a vagotropic effect of the methacrylates and can be antagonized by prophylactic application of atropine. Severe cardiovascular incidents involving an acute cor pulmonale are induced via the steep rise in pressure within the bone-marrow canal during the forcing in of the endoprosthetic shafts, leading to intravasation of bone marrow and its thromboplastine like compounds, thus resulting in a partial coagulation. A schedule of simple prophylactic procedures proved to be effective in preventing fatal cardiovascular complications.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Vacuum mixing systems for bone cement completion - comparison of different systems].

INTRODUCTION: The use of vacuum mixing systems when mixing bone cement reduces its porosity and hereby significantly improves the features of the material. The currently available mixing systems are compared with regard to handling, mechanical properties and economical aspects. METHODS: In 8 vacuum mixing systems the handling, pump performance, system tightness, the used air volume, the filter efficiency, the remaining amounts in the mixing system and the porosity of the cements are shown in comparison. RESULTS: All vacuum mixing systems reduce the porosity of the cement in comparison to hand mixed cements significantly if used correctly. The individual examinations, though, show enormous differences, which can be of significance to the user in the individual choice of system and, depending on the individual circumstances, can influence the quality of the mixed cement. CONCLUSION: The results enable the user to choose and handle a vacuum mixing system which is optimally suitable for the individual circumstances in respect to the characteristics examined.

Arthroplasty, Replacement↗