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Biomedical subjects

E Dahme

Publications and source records attributed to E Dahme.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Diabetic neuropathy in dogs and cats--a bioptic electron microscopic study].

Electron microscopic examination of peripheral nerves within dermal corium based upon skin biopsies (punch diameter = 6 mm) of chronic diabetic dogs and cats in comparison with normal controls revealed that more than 90% of the diabetic animals (31/34 dogs, 9/10 cats) had developed characteristic neuropathies. The main features were of axonal atrophy of myelinated and unmyelinated fibers, demyelination and - to a lesser degree - intraaxonal accumulation of glycogen (about 25%). In contrast with human diabetic polyneuropathy vascular basement membranes were throughout of normal appearance. Thickening of the perineural basement membranes were observed in a few canine cases only. Diagnostic procedures as well as questions on pathogenesis are discussed in detail.

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PubMed1988

Morphological studies in canine (Dalmatian) neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinosis.

Dalmatian dogs may develop a neuronal or generalized ceroid-lipofuscinosis (NCL) which strongly resembles that seen in English setters, especially as to the ultrastructural changes and ubiquity of the stored lipopigments and the retinal pathology, while differing clinically from the disorder of English setters in that the disease has a longer course of up to 5 or 6 yr. Clinical onset is at about age 6 months; however, an unequivocal morphological diagnosis is possible between the 4th and 5th month of life in biopsied skin. Detailed data of additional investigations are in progress and are awaiting later publication. Thus, NCL in the Dalmatian dog, though not yet as thoroughly investigated as NCL of the English setter, may provide another useful model for human NCL. Whether future biochemical studies will provide further similarities or even dissimilarities to NCL in English setters and in man remains to be seen. The cause of NCL in the canine and in humans is homozygosity of an autosomal recessive gene; however, the pathogenesis of the NCL in Dalmatian dogs is unknown as it is in English setters, other canine species, non-canine species, and in humans.

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PubMed1985

Retinal ultrastructure of neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinosis in the dalmatian dog.

Ultrastructural studies of the retinae in two NCL-affected Dalmatian dogs revealed ubiquitous accumulation of lipopigments in numerous cell types of the retina, the fine structure of which closely resembled that seen in NCL-affected English setters. Photoreceptors and other retinal cell types were largely intact. These findings show that the retinal involvement in NCL of our Dalmatian dogs is identical to that of NCL-affected English setters. It also shows that in canine NCL a severe retinopathy, regularly encountered in human childhood NCL, does not develop. Thus, the NCL of Dalmatian dogs--and English setters--represents a reliable model to study human NCL, but for human retinopathia pigmentosa perhaps only at its earliest stage.

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PubMed1985

[Borna virus infection (Borna disease) in naturally and experimentally infected animals: its significance for research and practice].

In this survey article on Borna Disease-many years after the review of Zwick (1939)-again a modern comprehensive summary of "Borna Disease virus infection" is given. The infection occurs in horses and sheep, furthermore, in laboratory animal species inoculated experimentally; its clinical, virological and neuropathological features have been described in numerous presentations. Clinical symptoms in naturally and experimentally infected animals are characterized by initial alterations in the sensorium. The neurological symptomatology of the disease (disturbances in coordination, motor, sensory and vegetative symptoms) reflect the presumed localisation of the virus in various brain areas and the course of the disease supports the assumption of intraneural spread of the agent. In horses the incidence is highest during spring. Experimental infections show an exceptionally broad spectrum of infectible animals extending from higher mammals to birds. Our investigations make it clear that we have to differentiate between infections followed by disease (e.g. horse, rabbit, older rat) and persistent infections without overt clinical symptoms (mouse, chicken). Persistent infections are sometimes associated with fine alterations in behaviour (tree shrew) or decreased learning ability (mice). Borna Disease virus, which has not been characterized up to now, is known to grow without any cytopathic effect in tissue cultures. All tested cell lines (including those from man) could be infected. The investigations indicate that Borna Disease virus comprises an enveloped RNS-containing agent. The infection induces the production of specific antigens such as a complex known as the soluble antigen, and a 14500 dalton protein. Under natural conditions and in experimentally infected animals antibodies are produced against such soluble proteins and determinants involved in neutralization of the virus. In the central nervous system (CNS) a local immune response accompanied by the production of oligoclonal immunoglobulins is demonstrable. Besides the humoral reaction it was possible to study the influence of cellular defence mechanisms on the disease process in monkeys, rats and rabbits. Histopathologically, Borna Disease is characterized by a non-purulent inflammation of the brain and the spinal cord. Most alterations are found in the grey matter, mainly in the Ammon's horn, olfactory lobe, caudate nucleus, thalamus, lamina quadrigemina and in he cerebellar nuclei. The perivascular infiltrations, consisting of lymphocytes, histiocytes and plasma cells are most conspicuous. Occasionally, degenerative alterations are observed in ganglion cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

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PubMed1985

[The diagnosis of primary olfactory mucosa neoplasms demonstrated by an esthesioneuroepthelioma in the dog].

In context with the first light and electron microscopic description of a spontaneous esthesioneuroepithelioma in a dog (10 year old female Labrador) general morpho- and etiopathogenetic problems concerning olfactory neoplasias were discussed. Because of its specific location and growth pattern, especially the development of true rosettes and pseudo-rosettes, the tumor was evaluated light microscopically as an esthesioneurogeneic one. The final classification was based upon ultrastructural peculiarities, as occurrence of ciliar structures, characteristic intercellular junctions, and the - although rare - appearance of dense cored vesicles.

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