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Biomedical subjects

E D Roberts

Publications and source records attributed to E D Roberts.

52 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Pathologic changes of experimental simian varicella (Delta herpesvirus) infection in African green monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops).

Gross and microscopic lesions of experimental simian varicella (Delta herpesvirus) infection in African green monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops) are described. In stratified squamous epithelium, such as the epidermis, tongue, and esophagus, focal areas of epidermal hyperplasia, ballooning degeneration, and blood-filled vesicle formation with ulceration were apparent. Most visceral organs were involved, and the changes included necrosis, hemorrhage, and characteristic intranuclear eosinophilic inclusions in a variety of cells. A generalized vascular involvement was present with intranuclear inclusions in the endothelial and smooth muscle cells in various organs. The nervous system was normal on gross and microscopic examination. Virus titer and serum transferase values were correlated with the clinical signs of infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Morphologic, cytochemical, and functional studies of peripheral blood cells of young healthy American alligators (Alligator mississippiensis).

Samples of peripheral blood collected from healthy young American alligators (Alligator mississippiensis) were studied to determine baseline values and characterize cell types. Mean total leukocyte counts were 6.4 +/- 2.9 X 10(3)/mm3, with mean differential values of 54.7 +/- 47.5% heterophils, 10.4 +/- 6.0% eosinophils, 12.7 +/- 16.8% basophils, 23.9 +/- 4.9% lymphocytes, and 0.7 +/- 0.5% monocytes. Mean total thrombocyte counts were 23.0 +/- 7.0 X 10(3)/mm3, and mean total erythrocyte counts were 3.84 +/- 8.7 X 10(5)/mm3. Morphologic descriptions of Wright-Giemsa-stained alligator blood cells generally corresponded to those of their counterparts in other reptiles, birds, and mammals. Cytochemical tests were positive as follows: chloroacetate esterase-lymphocytes and monocytes; nonspecific esterase-heterophils and monocytes; acid phosphatase-heterophils, basophils, and monocytes; and alkaline phosphatase-heterophils, eosinophils, and monocytes. Phagocytic and microbiocidal capacity was tested by adding live Staphylococcus aureus to whole blood. Subsequent staining with acridine orange and observation with fluorescence microscopy showed in vitro phagocytic and microbiocidal activity of monocytes, heterophils, and to a lesser degree, eosinophils.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1980

Correlation of dermal-epidermal laminar lesions of equine hoof with various disease conditions.

Dermal and epidermal laminar lesions were correlated with acute intestinal, primary hepatic, septicemic, chronic laminar, and acute laminar diseases. Horses with acute intestinal disease had edema in the secondary dermal laminae. Those with hepatic disease had increased keratinization of the secondary epidermal laminae. Septicemia caused increased keratin formation in the primary and secondary epidermal laminae. Chronic laminitis caused architectural changes of the epidermal laminae characterized by hyperplasia and keratin formation of the basal epidermal layer. Horses with acute laminitis had epidermal necrosis, especially with peracute laminitis. Various insults to the epidermal laminae led to epithelial hyperplasia of the secondary epidermis with ventral deviation of the third phalanx.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

SIV/DeltaB670 transmission across oral, colonic, and vaginal mucosae in the macaque.

The primary mode of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission worldwide is by exposure to the virus at vaginal, rectal, and oral mucosal surfaces. To understand HIV/simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) transmission events at mucosal portals of entry, we used the SIV-macaque model to determine if mucosal surfaces function as barriers and select for particular viral genotypes. Rhesus macaques were inoculated intravaginally, intracolonically, intrarectally, or orally with the complex primary viral isolate SIV/DeltaB670. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells, collected within the first two weeks postinoculation, were cloned and sequenced from all infected macaques. In the majority of the animals analyzed, multiple genotypes were identified, independent of the route of infection. These findings suggest that the mucosal barrier may play a minor role in the genotypic selection observed during sexual transmission of HIV and emphasize the need to evaluate the viral diversity present within the mucosal secretions of chronically infected individuals.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Not just a fluke.

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Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Correlates of SIV encephalitis in rhesus monkeys.

Necropsy records from 204 SIV-infected rhesus monkeys that had been inoculated with various strains of SIV and had died of SIV-related disease were reviewed. The relationship of SIV encephalitis with other parameters was evaluated. Encephalitis was associated with the presence of syncytial cells in other tissues, with persistent or early recurrent antigenemia, with a selective decrease in CD4+CD29+ blood lymphocytes, and with a shortened time of survival. Monkeys whose lymphocytes produced high levels of virus in culture also had a higher incidence of encephalitis. SIV was more frequently isolated from the brains of animals with encephalitis. No other clear associations were detected.

Animals↗