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E D Renner

Publications and source records attributed to E D Renner.

29 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

A high molecular weight antigen in Legionnaires' disease bacterium: isolation and partial characterization.

We isolated a high molecular weight antigen of the Legionnaires' disease (LD) bacterium by column chromatography. The antigen was composed of 35% carbohydrate, 2.6% protein, 1.8% phospholipid, and 1% 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonate and was important in the host's antibody response because it inhibited the indirect immunofluorescent and microagglutination titers of convalescent sera from patients with Legionnaires' disease. The antigen also formed precipitin bands with seven of 10 convalescent sera from patients with Legionnaires' disease. We found chemical and biological evidence of endotoxinlike activity associated with the antigen. Cell sonicates and acid extracts of the LD bacterium gave multiple bands in immunodiffusion with human convalescent serum and rabbit antisera prepared against heat-killed LD bacteria. The antigenic structure of the LD bacterium therefore appears complex.

Animals↗
PubMed1973

Evaluation of radiometric system for detecting bacteremia.

An automated radiometric system (BACTEC, Johnston Laboratories) for detection of bacteremia was evaluated in parallel with a standard blood culture system in use in our laboratory. Of 1,445 blood cultures from 484 patients with possible bacteremia, 106 sets of cultures (excluding 39 presumed contaminated), representing 56 patients, were positive by both methods. The conventional system yielded 85 positive cultures from 48 patients, whereas the BACTEC system yielded 84 positive cultures from 43 patients. The BACTEC system failed to detect 22 cultures that were positive in the conventional system, and the conventional system failed to detect 21 cultures that were positive in the BACTEC system. The detection efficiency was generally equivalent in the two systems except for the lower detection rates of anaerobes and Enterobacter aerogenes by the BACTEC system and the lower detection rates of Torulopsis glabrata and, possibly, Pseudomonas sp. (group IVD) in the conventional system. The BACTEC system had a slight advantage over the conventional system in the time interval to detection of positivity. Approximately 20% of the positive cultures detected by the BACTEC system were detected on the first day of incubation compared with 7% by the conventional system. The recovery rates and detection times of anaerobes were less efficient by the BACTEC system than by the conventional system. It does not appear that the radiometric method has much advantage over available conventional methods.

Aerobiosis↗
PubMed1972

Characterization and regulation of pyruvate carboxylase of Bacillus licheniformis.

Cell-free extracts of Bacillus licheniformis were found to contain pyruvate carboxylase which catalyzes the reaction between pyruvate and bicarbonate to yield oxalacetate in the presence of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), acetylcoenzyme A (CoA), and manganese. The plot between the reaction velocity of the carboxylation by the partially purified pyruvate carboxylase (25-fold) and the concentration of pyruvate, bicarbonate, manganese, and ATP did not indicate a pronounced deviation from the Michaelis-Menten hyperbola. The enzyme was inhibited by avidin and aspartate. Biotin partially protected the enzyme from avidin inhibition, whereas the amount of inhibition by aspartate was dependent on the concentration of acetyl-CoA present. The intracellular concentration of acetyl-CoA did not vary significantly enough to allow control of the enzyme by this method. Extracts of 4-hr postexponential-phase cells of B. licheniformis were also found to contain phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, which appears to be under catabolite repression control. It is suggested that the endogenous induction of this enzyme is the determining factor allowing the shift to gluconeogenesis from glycolysis during sporulation of glucose-grown cells.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1970

Production of nitric oxide and nitrous oxide during denitrification by Corynebacterium nephridii.

Resting cells of Corynebacterium nephridii reduce nitrate, nitrite, and nitric oxide to nitrous oxide under anaerobic conditions. Nitrous oxide production from nitrite was optimal from pH 7.0 to 7.4. The stoichiometry of nitrous oxide production from nitrite was 99% of the theoretical-two moles of nitrite was used for each mole of nitrous oxide detected. Hydroxylamine increases gas evolution from nitrite but inhibits the reduction of nitric oxide to nitrous oxide. Hydroxylamine is converted to nitrogenous gas(es) by resting cells only in the presence of nitrite. Under certain conditions nitric oxide, as well as nitrous oxide, was detected.

Chromatography, Gas↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Legionnaires' disease among pneumonias in Iowa (FY 1972-1978) II. Epidemiologic and clinical features of 30 sporadic cases of L. pneumophila infection.

We reviewed retrospectively the clinical records of 30 cases of sporadic Legionella pneumophila infection that occurred in Iowa between FY 1972 and 1978. Cases occurred throughout the year, most between May and December. Twenty-one male patients and 9 female patients ranging in age from 5-80 years were infected. Half the patients smoked or had an underlying illness; five were receiving corticosteroids or immunosuppressive therapy. Occupations and exposures related to hospitals, construction and travel were common; four patients had been exposed to birds. In addition to L. pneumophila infection, six patients had evidence of infection with a viral, mycoplasmal, bacterial, mycobacterial or fungal pathogen; three had had preceding dental infections. Twenty-seven cases were pneumonias visible on radiographs. Fever, cough, chills, myalgia and rales occurred inover half the cases. Headache, gastrointestinal symptoms and encephalopathy also were seen. Upper respiratory symptoms were uncommon. Urinalysis and blood studies often suggested renal and hepatic involvement, but other routine laboratory diagnostic tests were not helpful. All but two patients were hospitalized; seven required intensive care. The median duration of hospitalization was 12 days. Two patients who did not receive erythromycin or tetracycline therapy died.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sporadic Legionnaires' disease: clinical observations on 87 nosocomial and community-acquired cases.

To add information about sporadic Legionnaires' disease, 87 cases of L. pneumophila pneumonia were reviewed. Twenty cases were nosocomial infections and 67 cases were community-acquired. Most cases (64%) occurred between July and October. The mean age of patients was 51.4 years and males outnumbered females 2.5:1.0. Thirty-one percent of patients were receiving corticosteroid, immunosuppressive, or antineoplastic chemotherapy when illness began. Immunosuppression at onset of illness was more common in nosocomial infections (90%) than in community-acquired infections (14%). Seventy percent of patients had underlying diseases. Malignancies, renal failure, and transplantation were the most common conditions underlying nosocomial infections. Chronic lung disease and malignancies were the most common diseases underlying community-acquired infections. The case-fatality rate in nosocomial infection (70%) was greater than that in community-acquired disease (22%). Clinical, laboratory, and radiologic features of the cases were examined. Illness ranged from mild to severe. Extrapulmonary findings of encephalopathy and renal failure were more common in fatal than in non-fatal cases. Indirect immunofluorescent and microagglutination antibody responses plateaued by the fourth week of illness. Twenty-nine patients died. The case-fatality rate of patients receiving erythromycin (6%) was less than that of patients receiving penicillin (36%), ampicillin (28%), cephalosporin (32%), or aminoglycosides (41%). Despite erythromycin therapy, the case fatality rate for nosocomial L. pneumophilia pneumonia was unacceptably high (25%).

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cost of inappropriate use of ciprofloxacin in ambulatory care.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence of inappropriate ciprofloxacin use and the resulting cost thereof in ambulatory care. DESIGN: Retrospective cost analysis. SETTING: Ambulatory care clinic of a Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center. PATIENTS: One hundred thirty-seven ambulatory patients prescribed ciprofloxacin during March, April, and May 1992. Forty-six patient charts were available for review. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Indications for ciprofloxacin use were determined from chart review. RESULTS: Chart review of 46 of the 137 patients prescribed ciprofloxacin during the three-month study period indicated that only 8 (17 percent) had infections that were appropriately treated with this antibiotic. If 550 patients had received ciprofloxacin that year (figure extrapolated from the three-month totals), the cost of prescribing would have been $29,260. This study indicates that $20,500 per year could be saved by prescribing equally efficacious oral antibiotics. CONCLUSIONS: Restricting ciprofloxacin use to its proven indications in the ambulatory setting may result in considerable cost savings to medical centers.

Ciprofloxacin↗