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Biomedical subjects

E D Clarke

Publications and source records attributed to E D Clarke.

25 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Reduction of enzyme levels by propranolol after acute myocardial infarction.

The effect of propranolol (0.1 mg/kg intravenously followed by 320 mg given over 27 hour orally) on serum levels of creatine kinase enzyme was studied in a randomized trial involving 95 patients seen within 12 hours of onset of symptoms of uncomplicated myocardial infarction. In 15 patients who were treated with propranolol within 4 hours of onset, and who eventually developed pathological Q waves, peak measured enzyme levels were 27% (P less than 0.0125) lower than in 19 control patients who were also seen within 4 hours of the onset but had no specific treatment. Total calculated enzyme appearance was also lower in the treated patients (reduced 25%, P less than 0.05) as was the calculated rate of the appearance (33%, P less than 0.005). No significant difference was found for treated compared with control patients entering the trial more than 4 hours after the onset of chest pain. This evidence suggests that propranolol may reduce the size of uncomplicated infarctions if it is given intravenously within 4 hours of the onset.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1978

The rationale for the development of improved hypoxic cell radiosensitizers.

This paper outlines the chemical background to the selection of compounds likely to be clinically superior to the nitroimidazoles currently being evaluated in cancer therapy. The most important chemical properties to consider are electron affinity and lipophilicity, and the quantification and prediction of both these properties are considered. Examples are presented of the use of multiple regression analysis to evaluate the relative contribution of individual properties to the overall biological response.

Nitroimidazoles↗
PubMed1977

Watery diarrhoea syndrome with episodic hypercalcaemia.

A patient with the Watery-Diarrhoea syndrome and episodic hypercalcaemia is reported. Plasma levels of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) were elevated, and an islet cell adenoma of the pancreas was removed following which VIP levels decreased and diarrhoea ceased. During a hypercalcaemic episode, serum parathyroid hormone (PTh) levels were suppressed indicating the hypercalcaemia was independent of PTh and probably due to a direct action of VIP on calcium turnover.

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Reduction of nitroimidazoles in model chemical and biological systems.

Some chemical and biological properties of intermediates obtained during reduction of nitroimidazoles are discussed. These include: rate data for the decay of the nitro radical-anion, stoichiometry and absorption spectra for reduction via the radical-anion or using dithionite, stoichiometry with other reducing agents, and rate of reduction by xanthine/xanthine oxidase. Increased radiosensitization by misonidazole is seen upon prolonged pre-irradiation incubation using E. coli, enabling demonstration that a freely-diffusable metabolite is responsible for this effect. Preliminary experiments designed to extend studies of the radiobiological properties of extracellularly-added metabolites to mammalian cells and the use of liver perfusion to generate metabolites are described.

Animals↗