Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

E D Bateman

Publications and source records attributed to E D Bateman.

62 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Ultramarathon running and upper respiratory tract infections. An epidemiological survey.

Opinions differ as to whether marathon runners have an increased susceptibility to upper respiratory tract (URT) infections after a race. In an attempt to answer this question, we carried out a prospective study of the incidence of symptoms of URT infections in 150 randomly selected runners who took part in the 1982 Two Oceans Marathon in Cape Town, and compared this with the incidence in individually matched controls who did not run. Runners were questioned on the day before and 2 weeks after the race. Symptoms of URT infection occurred in 33.3% of runners compared with 15.3% of controls, and were most common in those who achieved the faster race times. The incidence in slow runners was no greater than that in controls. Faster runners also experienced more musculoskeletal pain during and after the race. These results suggest a relationship between acute stress and susceptibility to URT infections. Impairment of one or more local mucosal or general host defences may account for this effect.

Humans↗
PubMed1983

Cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis: prediction of fibrogenic activity from immunohistochemical studies of collagen types in lung biopsy specimens.

Collagen immunofluorescence studies were performed on biopsy specimens from 25 patients with cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis. We studied the relationship of these results to the clinical, radiological, and physiological assessments of disease activity during six-month periods before and after the lung biopsy; to the appearances on routine histological examination; to the inflammatory cell proportions in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid; and to the response to treatment. Positive associations were observed between the presence of type III collagen and disease activity before (p less than 0.015) and after (p less than 0.02) lung biopsy. These were independent of clinical and routine histological features. The type-III-positive group also contained nine of the 11 responding to treatment. None of the type-III-positive patients had a quiescent or stable course. In contrast, most patients with no type-III-collagen fluorescence had a stable course over the time of this study and did not improve on treatment. It is suggested that collagen typing may be an additional useful method of assessing potentially reversible disease in cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Near-fatal bronchospasm in an asthmatic patient following ingestion of flurbiprofen. A case report.

Aspirin and other inhibitors of prostaglandin synthetase are known to precipitate bronchospasm in sensitive individuals. We describe a 42-year-old patient with mild asthma who had a near-fatal attack of bronchospasm and required intermittent positive pressure ventilation and resuscitation following ingestion of a single tablet of flurbiprofen (Froben; Boots). When prescribing such agents, an appropriate history should be taken, and when asthma or hypersensitivity to related drugs is suspected, oral challenge with a small test dose and administration of the first dose under supervision are essential.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

A study of macrophage-mediated initiation of fibrosis by asbestos and silica using a diffusion chamber technique.

Several cellular interactions have been identified as potentially important in fibrogenesis induced by mineral dusts. Evaluation of their relative importance in vivo remains a problem. Sealed diffusion chambers limited by Nuclepore membranes and implanted into mouse peritoneal cavities provide a means of assessing different stages of fibrogenesis by separating initiating mechanisms (dust-macrophage-lymphocyte combinations inside the chamber) from the target tissue. Fibrous reactions surrounding the chambers were quantitated by macroscopic and histological scoring, and by measurement of 14C glycine incorporated at the reaction site. Using this model the fibrogenicity of Rhodesian A chrysotile asbestos, DQ12 quartz and haematite were compared. Whereas asbestos-macrophage ratios of between 6 . 6 and 900 micrograms/10(6) mouse peritoneal macrophages (MPM) produced fibrosis, an equivalent response was obtained with 0.05 micrograms silica/10(6) MPM. Silica in amounts greater than this produced macrophage cytotoxicity without fibrogenesis. Haematite-macrophage combinations produced no significant fibrosis. It was confirmed that a direct dust-macrophage interaction forms the essential first step in fibrogenesis by both asbestos and silica and that the fibrogenicity is mediated by diffusible factor(s). Prior stimulation of host mice with Freund's complete adjuvant modified the fibrogenic response to some dust-cell combinations, suggesting an important role for host responses in determining the outcome of fibrogenic stimuli.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Fibre-optic bronchoscopy. Experience at Groote Schuur Hospital.

The 4-year experience with flexible fibre-optic bronchoscopy at Groote Schuur Hospital is presented. A total of 809 patients were bronchoscoped, follow-up data on 705 being available. The procedure was performed for a wide variety of indications, suspected malignant disease and tuberculosis being the two most common. The diagnostic rate in these conditions was 74% and 71% respectively. Other indications included the evaluation of diffuse pulmonary lesions, shadows on the chest radiographs in immunocompromised patients, use in the intensive care unit, investigation of haemoptysis with a normal chest radiograph, inspection of the airway, bronchography and clearance of secretions.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1981

Immunohistochemical study of collagen types in human foetal lung and fibrotic lung disease.

Highly purified type-specific anti-collagen antibodies (prepared in animals to types I, II, III, and IV bovine collagen) were used in an indirect immunofluorescence method for the study of human lung collagen. The tissue localisation of each collagen type, and the apparent type I:III collagen ratio was assessed in normal foetal and adult lung and in fibrotic lung lesions. In the latter, the relationship of the findings to the natural history of the lesion was considered. This method was compared with routine connective tissue stains. The following observations were made. (1) Foetal lung in the canalicular phase of development proved a useful substrate for validating and standardizing the procedure. (2) Collagen fluorescence was more sensitive than connective tissue stains in detecting collagen in foetal tissues and sites of early fibrosis. (3) On the basis of collagen-type fluorescence, two distinctive patterns of fibrosis were recognised. Areas of mature collagen surrounding vessels and bronchi and in established scar tissue, for example in asbestotic pleural plaques, were virtually exclusively type I collagen. By contrast, areas of early active fibrosis like sarcoid nodules and organising pneumonia, which usually contained variable numbers of fibroblasts and chronic inflammatory cells, were characterised by an increased proportion of type III collagen and a greater intensity of both types I and III collagen fluorescence. The possible significance of this change in type III:I collagen ratio is discussed. Determination of the stage of fibrotic lesions by this method might have applications in the prediction of disease progression, and influence management of some conditions.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

The magnitude of the asthma problem in Cape Town.

The magnitude of the asthma problem in Cape Town, as reflected by cases presenting to a large hospital, is described. The need for better facilities to treat acute asthma and to provide supervised interval therapy is discussed. A plea is made for the more widespread use of well-established simple beside aids in the assessment of the severity of asthma and the response to therapy.

Acute Disease↗